feat: add gpu driven render graph pipeline

Amp-Thread-ID: https://ampcode.com/threads/T-019f9d91-77c1-7206-a60f-ed6554ce92ab

Co-authored-by: Heaust Azure <heaust.azure@gmail.com>

Cargo.lock

@@ -913,6 +913,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "console_log",
  "futures",
  "gltf",
+ "image",
  "js-sys",
  "log",
  "raw-window-handle",

Cargo.toml

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ web-sys = { version = "0.3.77", features = [
     "FileList",
     "OffscreenCanvas",
     "MouseEvent",
+    "PointerEvent",
     "WheelEvent",
     "KeyboardEvent",
     "Worker",
@@ -43,4 +44,5 @@ wgpu = "26.0.1"
 thiserror = "2.0.15"
 ultraviolet = "0.10.0"
 futures = "0.3"
-gltf = { version = "1.4", features = ["extras", "names", "KHR_lights_punctual"] }
+gltf = { version = "1.4", features = ["extras", "names", "KHR_lights_punctual", "KHR_materials_ior"] }
+image = { version = "0.25", default-features = false, features = ["png", "jpeg"] }

level-editor/src/lib.rs

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ pub struct EditorScene {
 impl renderer::renderer::scene::Scene for EditorScene {
     fn setup(
         renderer_context: &gpu_renderer::RendererContext,
-        resources: &mut gpu_renderer::GpuResources,
+        resources: &mut gpu_renderer::PipelineLibrary,
         render_data: &mut RenderData,
     ) -> Self {
         let dimension = ultraviolet::Vec2::new(
@@ -90,14 +90,18 @@ impl renderer::renderer::scene::Scene for EditorScene {
         self.frame_metadata.mouse_click = [x, y];
     }
 
-    fn handle_zoom(&mut self, _delta_y: f32) {
+    fn handle_zoom(&mut self, delta_y: f32) {
-        // TODO: Implement zoom properly when Camera exposes necessary methods
+        self.cam.zoom(delta_y);
     }
 
     fn handle_orbit(&mut self, delta_x: f32, delta_y: f32) {
         self.cam.orbit(delta_x, delta_y);
     }
 
+    fn handle_pan(&mut self, delta_x: f32, delta_y: f32, viewport_height: f32) {
+        self.cam.pan(delta_x, delta_y, viewport_height);
+    }
+
     fn set_camera_depth_range(&mut self, near: f32, far: f32) {
         self.cam.set_depth_range(near, far);
     }
@@ -149,13 +153,14 @@ impl EditorScene {
     fn create_default_scene(
         &mut self,
         device: &wgpu::Device,
-        resources: &mut gpu_renderer::GpuResources,
+        resources: &mut gpu_renderer::PipelineLibrary,
         render_data: &mut RenderData,
         surface_format: wgpu::TextureFormat,
     ) {
         let positions: Vec<[f32; 3]> = Self::VERTICES.iter().map(|v| v.pos).collect();
         // Ground plane normals point upward (Y+)
         let normals: Vec<[f32; 3]> = vec![[0.0, 1.0, 0.0]; positions.len()];
+        let tangents: Vec<[f32; 4]> = vec![[1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0]; positions.len()];
         let uvs: &[[f32; 2]] = &[
             [0.0, 0.0],
             [1.0, 0.0],
@@ -183,9 +188,11 @@ impl EditorScene {
             .create_mesh(MeshCreateInfo {
                 positions: &positions,
                 normals: &normals,
+                tangents: &tangents,
                 uvs,
                 indices: Self::INDICES,
                 pipeline: pipeline_index,
+                material: renderer::render_data::MaterialKey::DEFAULT,
                 flags: RenderFlags::VISIBLE,
                 default_instance_flags: RenderFlags::VISIBLE,
                 default_transform: transform,
@@ -196,11 +203,11 @@ impl EditorScene {
 
 /// Entrypoint for the level editor
 #[wasm_bindgen]
-pub fn main() -> Result<RendererBridge, JsValue> {
+pub fn main(profile: bool) -> Result<RendererBridge, JsValue> {
     std::panic::set_hook(Box::new(console_error_panic_hook::hook));
     wasm_logger::init(wasm_logger::Config::default());
 
-    let runtime = LevelEditor::setup_runtime()?;
+    let runtime = LevelEditor::setup_runtime(profile)?;
     Ok(RendererBridge { runtime })
 }
 

renderer/Cargo.toml

@@ -46,6 +46,7 @@ thiserror = { workspace = true }
 ultraviolet = { workspace = true }
 futures = { workspace = true }
 gltf = { workspace = true }
+image = { workspace = true }
 serde = { version = "1", features = ["derive"] }
 serde_json = "1"
 

renderer/src/app_setup.rs

@@ -18,9 +18,10 @@ use web_sys::AddEventListenerOptions;
 #[cfg(target_arch = "wasm32")]
 pub struct EventListeners {
     pub resize_listener: Option<Closure<dyn FnMut()>>,
-    pub mousemove_listener: Option<Closure<dyn FnMut(web_sys::MouseEvent)>>,
+    pub pointer_listener: Option<Closure<dyn FnMut(web_sys::PointerEvent)>>,
-    pub mousedown_listener: Option<Closure<dyn FnMut(web_sys::MouseEvent)>>,
+    pub click_listener: Option<Closure<dyn FnMut(web_sys::MouseEvent)>>,
     pub wheel_listener: Option<Closure<dyn FnMut(web_sys::WheelEvent)>>,
+    pub contextmenu_listener: Option<Closure<dyn FnMut(web_sys::MouseEvent)>>,
     pub keyboard_listener: Option<Closure<dyn FnMut(web_sys::KeyboardEvent)>>,
 }
 
@@ -29,9 +30,10 @@ impl EventListeners {
     pub fn new() -> Self {
         Self {
             resize_listener: None,
-            mousemove_listener: None,
+            pointer_listener: None,
-            mousedown_listener: None,
+            click_listener: None,
             wheel_listener: None,
+            contextmenu_listener: None,
             keyboard_listener: None,
         }
     }
@@ -54,65 +56,82 @@ pub fn setup_event_listeners(
         let width = f64::from(resize_canvas.client_width().max(1));
         let height = f64::from(resize_canvas.client_height().max(1));
 
-        resize_worker_chan
+        let _ = resize_worker_chan.send(WindowEvent::Resize(ResizeMessage {
-            .send(WindowEvent::Resize(ResizeMessage {
             width,
             height,
             scale_factor: window.device_pixel_ratio(),
-            }))
+        }));
-            .unwrap();
     });
 
     window.add_event_listener_with_callback("resize", resize_listener.as_ref().unchecked_ref())?;
 
-    let mousemove_worker_chan = worker_chan.clone();
+    let pointer_worker_chan = worker_chan.clone();
-    let mousemove_listener: Closure<dyn FnMut(web_sys::MouseEvent)> =
+    let pointer_canvas = canvas.clone();
+    let pointer_listener: Closure<dyn FnMut(web_sys::PointerEvent)> =
+        Closure::new(move |event: web_sys::PointerEvent| {
+            use crate::message::{camera_drag, MouseMessage};
+
+            if event.pointer_type() != "mouse" {
+                return;
+            }
+            match event.type_().as_str() {
+                "pointerdown" if matches!(event.button(), 1 | 2) => {
+                    event.prevent_default();
+                    let _ = pointer_canvas.set_pointer_capture(event.pointer_id());
+                }
+                "pointermove"
+                    if pointer_canvas.has_pointer_capture(event.pointer_id())
+                        && camera_drag(event.buttons()).is_some() =>
+                {
+                    event.prevent_default();
+                    let message = MouseMessage::from_pointer_evt(
+                        &event,
+                        f64::from(pointer_canvas.client_height().max(1)),
+                    );
+                    let _ = pointer_worker_chan.send(WindowEvent::PointerMove(message));
+                }
+                "pointerup" | "pointercancel"
+                    if pointer_canvas.has_pointer_capture(event.pointer_id()) =>
+                {
+                    let _ = pointer_canvas.release_pointer_capture(event.pointer_id());
+                }
+                _ => {}
+            }
+        });
+
+    for event_name in ["pointerdown", "pointermove", "pointerup", "pointercancel"] {
+        canvas.add_event_listener_with_callback(
+            event_name,
+            pointer_listener.as_ref().unchecked_ref(),
+        )?;
+    }
+
+    let click_worker_chan = worker_chan.clone();
+    let click_canvas = canvas.clone();
+    let click_listener: Closure<dyn FnMut(web_sys::MouseEvent)> =
         Closure::new(move |event: web_sys::MouseEvent| {
             use crate::message::MouseMessage;
-            if event.buttons() & 0x04 != 0 {
+            if event.button() != 0 {
-                event.prevent_default();
+                return;
             }
-            let mouse_event_data = MouseMessage::from_evt(event.clone());
+            let message =
-
+                MouseMessage::from_evt(&event, f64::from(click_canvas.client_height().max(1)));
-            let mut event_data = WindowEvent::PointerMove(mouse_event_data.clone());
+            let _ = click_worker_chan.send(WindowEvent::PointerClick(message));
-            if event.type_() == "click" {
-                event_data = WindowEvent::PointerClick(mouse_event_data.clone());
-            }
-
-            mousemove_worker_chan.clone().send(event_data).unwrap();
         });
-
+    canvas.add_event_listener_with_callback("click", click_listener.as_ref().unchecked_ref())?;
-    window.add_event_listener_with_callback(
-        "mousemove",
-        mousemove_listener.as_ref().unchecked_ref(),
-    )?;
-
-    window
-        .add_event_listener_with_callback("click", mousemove_listener.as_ref().unchecked_ref())?;
-
-    let mousedown_listener: Closure<dyn FnMut(web_sys::MouseEvent)> =
-        Closure::new(move |event: web_sys::MouseEvent| {
-            if event.button() == 1 {
-                event.prevent_default();
-            }
-        });
-
-    window.add_event_listener_with_callback(
-        "mousedown",
-        mousedown_listener.as_ref().unchecked_ref(),
-    )?;
 
     let wheel_worker_chan = worker_chan.clone();
+    let wheel_canvas = canvas.clone();
     let wheel_listener: Closure<dyn FnMut(web_sys::WheelEvent)> =
         Closure::new(move |event: web_sys::WheelEvent| {
             use crate::message::WheelMessage;
 
             event.prevent_default();
-            let wheel_event_data = WheelMessage::from_evt(event);
+            if let Some(message) =
-
+                WheelMessage::from_evt(&event, f64::from(wheel_canvas.client_height().max(1)))
-            wheel_worker_chan
+            {
-                .send(WindowEvent::PointerWheel(wheel_event_data))
+                let _ = wheel_worker_chan.send(WindowEvent::PointerWheel(message));
-                .unwrap();
+            }
         });
 
     let wheel_options = {
@@ -121,12 +140,19 @@ pub fn setup_event_listeners(
         options
     };
 
-    window.add_event_listener_with_callback_and_add_event_listener_options(
+    canvas.add_event_listener_with_callback_and_add_event_listener_options(
         "wheel",
         wheel_listener.as_ref().unchecked_ref(),
         &wheel_options,
     )?;
 
+    let contextmenu_listener: Closure<dyn FnMut(web_sys::MouseEvent)> =
+        Closure::new(move |event: web_sys::MouseEvent| event.prevent_default());
+    canvas.add_event_listener_with_callback(
+        "contextmenu",
+        contextmenu_listener.as_ref().unchecked_ref(),
+    )?;
+
     let keyboard_worker_chan = worker_chan.clone();
     let keyboard_listener: Closure<dyn FnMut(web_sys::KeyboardEvent)> =
         Closure::new(move |event: web_sys::KeyboardEvent| {
@@ -134,9 +160,7 @@ pub fn setup_event_listeners(
 
             let keyboard_event_data = KeyboardMessage::from_evt(event);
 
-            keyboard_worker_chan
+            let _ = keyboard_worker_chan.send(WindowEvent::Keyboard(keyboard_event_data));
-                .send(WindowEvent::Keyboard(keyboard_event_data))
-                .unwrap();
         });
 
     window
@@ -144,9 +168,10 @@ pub fn setup_event_listeners(
 
     Ok(EventListeners {
         resize_listener: Some(resize_listener),
-        mousemove_listener: Some(mousemove_listener),
+        pointer_listener: Some(pointer_listener),
-        mousedown_listener: Some(mousedown_listener),
+        click_listener: Some(click_listener),
         wheel_listener: Some(wheel_listener),
+        contextmenu_listener: Some(contextmenu_listener),
         keyboard_listener: Some(keyboard_listener),
     })
 }
@@ -166,6 +191,7 @@ impl WebAppRuntime {
     pub fn new<T: crate::renderer::scene::Scene + 'static>(
         worker_name: &str,
         canvas_selector: &str,
+        profile: bool,
     ) -> Result<Self, JsValue> {
         let (sender, receiver) = mpsc::channel::<WindowEvent>();
 
@@ -179,7 +205,7 @@ impl WebAppRuntime {
         let worker = MainWorker::spawn(worker_name, 1, ring_ptr, move || {
             spawn_local(async move {
                 let ring = unsafe { &*(ring_ptr as *const CommandRing) };
-                MainWorker::run_render_loop::<T>(receiver, ring).await;
+                MainWorker::run_render_loop::<T>(receiver, ring, profile).await;
             });
         })?;
 
@@ -228,9 +254,12 @@ pub trait WebApp {
     fn on_runtime_initialized(_runtime: &mut WebAppRuntime) {}
 
     /// Perform the default WASM initialization routine.
-    fn setup_runtime() -> Result<WebAppRuntime, JsValue> {
+    fn setup_runtime(profile: bool) -> Result<WebAppRuntime, JsValue> {
-        let mut runtime =
+        let mut runtime = WebAppRuntime::new::<Self::Scene>(
-            WebAppRuntime::new::<Self::Scene>(Self::worker_name(), Self::canvas_selector())?;
+            Self::worker_name(),
+            Self::canvas_selector(),
+            profile,
+        )?;
         Self::on_runtime_initialized(&mut runtime);
         Ok(runtime)
     }

renderer/src/camera.rs

@@ -3,7 +3,16 @@ use std::f32::consts::PI;
 use ultraviolet::{projection, Bivec3, Mat4, Rotor3, Vec3};
 use wgpu::util::DeviceExt;
 
-use crate::{message::WheelMessage, renderer::scene::UniformResource};
+use crate::renderer::scene::UniformResource;
+
+/// A camera matrix cannot produce a safe, meaningful frustum.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, thiserror::Error)]
+pub enum FrustumError {
+    #[error("frustum plane {plane} contains a non-finite component")]
+    NonFinite { plane: usize },
+    #[error("frustum plane {plane} has a near-degenerate normal")]
+    Degenerate { plane: usize },
+}
 
 const MIN_DISTANCE: f32 = 0.1;
 const MAX_PITCH: f32 = PI / 2.0 - 0.01;
@@ -81,6 +90,9 @@ pub struct CameraUniform {
 }
 
 impl Camera {
+    pub fn frustum_planes(&self) -> Result<[[f32; 4]; 6], FrustumError> {
+        extract_frustum_planes(self.view_proj)
+    }
     pub fn new(aspect_ratio: f32) -> Self {
         let mut camera = Camera {
             view_proj: [[0.0; 4]; 4],
@@ -115,8 +127,14 @@ impl Camera {
     }
 
     pub fn look_at(&mut self, position: Vec3, target: Vec3) {
+        if !vec3_is_finite(position) || !vec3_is_finite(target) {
+            return;
+        }
         self.position = position;
         self.target = target;
+        if (self.position - self.target).mag_sq() <= f32::EPSILON {
+            self.position = self.target + Vec3::unit_z() * MIN_DISTANCE;
+        }
         self.up = Vec3::unit_y();
         self.compute_rotor();
         self.dirty = true;
@@ -141,6 +159,9 @@ impl Camera {
     }
 
     pub fn orbit(&mut self, delta_x: f32, delta_y: f32) {
+        if !delta_x.is_finite() || !delta_y.is_finite() {
+            return;
+        }
         // Skip tiny movements to reduce unnecessary computations
         if delta_x.abs() < 0.001 && delta_y.abs() < 0.001 {
             return;
@@ -174,39 +195,62 @@ impl Camera {
         self.compute_view_proj_mat();
     }
 
-    pub fn zoom(&mut self, msg: &WheelMessage) {
+    pub fn zoom(&mut self, delta_y_pixels: f32) {
-        let mut delta = msg.delta_y as f32;
+        if !delta_y_pixels.is_finite() || delta_y_pixels.abs() <= f32::EPSILON {
-
-        // Match browser delta modes so the wheel delta is always roughly pixels.
-        match msg.delta_mode {
-            1 => delta *= 16.0,
-            2 => delta *= 800.0,
-            _ => {}
-        }
-
-        // Scrolling up should zoom in.
-        delta = -delta;
-
-        if delta.abs() <= f32::EPSILON {
             return;
         }
 
-        // Get forward direction from camera position to target
+        let mut offset = self.position - self.target;
-        let mut forward_vec = self.target - self.position;
+        let mut current_distance = offset.mag();
-        if forward_vec.mag_sq() <= f32::EPSILON {
+        if !current_distance.is_finite() {
-            forward_vec = Vec3::unit_z();
+            return;
+        }
+        if current_distance <= f32::EPSILON {
+            offset = Vec3::unit_z() * MIN_DISTANCE;
+            current_distance = MIN_DISTANCE;
+        }
+        let direction = offset / current_distance;
+        let max_distance = (self.z_far * 0.95).max(MIN_DISTANCE);
+        if !max_distance.is_finite() {
+            return;
+        }
+        let candidate = f64::from(current_distance)
+            * (f64::from(ZOOM_SENSITIVITY) * f64::from(delta_y_pixels)).exp();
+        let new_distance = candidate.clamp(f64::from(MIN_DISTANCE), f64::from(max_distance)) as f32;
+        let new_position = self.target + direction * new_distance;
+        if !vec3_is_finite(new_position) {
+            return;
         }
-        let forward_dir = forward_vec.normalized();
-        let current_distance = forward_vec.mag();
 
-        // Scale dolly movement by distance to target for consistent perceived zoom speed
+        self.position = new_position;
-        let dolly_distance = delta * ZOOM_SENSITIVITY * current_distance;
+        self.distance = new_distance;
-        let dolly_translation = forward_dir * dolly_distance;
+        self.dirty = true;
+        self.compute_view_proj_mat();
+    }
 
-        self.position += dolly_translation;
+    pub fn pan(&mut self, delta_x: f32, delta_y: f32, viewport_height: f32) {
-        self.target += dolly_translation;
+        if !delta_x.is_finite()
-
+            || !delta_y.is_finite()
-        self.compute_rotor();
+            || !viewport_height.is_finite()
+            || !self.fov.is_finite()
+        {
+            return;
+        }
+        let distance = (self.position - self.target).mag().max(MIN_DISTANCE);
+        if !distance.is_finite() {
+            return;
+        }
+        let world_units_per_pixel =
+            2.0 * distance * (self.fov * 0.5).tan() / viewport_height.max(1.0);
+        let basis = OrthonormalBasis::from_camera(self);
+        let translation = (-basis.right * delta_x + basis.up * delta_y) * world_units_per_pixel;
+        let position = self.position + translation;
+        let target = self.target + translation;
+        if !vec3_is_finite(position) || !vec3_is_finite(target) {
+            return;
+        }
+        self.position = position;
+        self.target = target;
         self.dirty = true;
         self.compute_view_proj_mat();
     }
@@ -294,3 +338,206 @@ impl Camera {
         self.rotor = (swing_rotor * twist_rotor).normalized();
     }
 }
+
+/// Extracts inward-facing normalized WebGPU clip-space planes (zero-to-one depth).
+pub fn extract_frustum_planes(m: [[f32; 4]; 4]) -> Result<[[f32; 4]; 6], FrustumError> {
+    let row = |r: usize| [m[0][r], m[1][r], m[2][r], m[3][r]];
+    let add = |a: [f32; 4], b: [f32; 4]| [a[0] + b[0], a[1] + b[1], a[2] + b[2], a[3] + b[3]];
+    let sub = |a: [f32; 4], b: [f32; 4]| [a[0] - b[0], a[1] - b[1], a[2] - b[2], a[3] - b[3]];
+    let r0 = row(0);
+    let r1 = row(1);
+    let r2 = row(2);
+    let r3 = row(3);
+    let mut planes = [
+        add(r3, r0),
+        sub(r3, r0),
+        add(r3, r1),
+        sub(r3, r1),
+        r2,
+        sub(r3, r2),
+    ];
+    for (plane, p) in planes.iter_mut().enumerate() {
+        if !p.iter().all(|component| component.is_finite()) {
+            return Err(FrustumError::NonFinite { plane });
+        }
+        // Scale first: directly squaring very large/small coefficients can overflow or
+        // underflow even though the plane itself is normalizable.
+        let scale = p[0].abs().max(p[1].abs()).max(p[2].abs());
+        if scale < f32::MIN_POSITIVE {
+            return Err(FrustumError::Degenerate { plane });
+        }
+        let scaled = [p[0] / scale, p[1] / scale, p[2] / scale];
+        let length = (scaled[0] * scaled[0] + scaled[1] * scaled[1] + scaled[2] * scaled[2]).sqrt();
+        for v in p {
+            *v = (*v / scale) / length;
+            if !v.is_finite() {
+                return Err(FrustumError::NonFinite { plane });
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    Ok(planes)
+}
+
+fn vec3_is_finite(value: Vec3) -> bool {
+    value.x.is_finite() && value.y.is_finite() && value.z.is_finite()
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn frustum_extraction_rejects_nonfinite_and_degenerate_planes() {
+        let mut nonfinite = Camera::new(1.0).view_proj;
+        nonfinite[0][0] = f32::NAN;
+        assert!(matches!(
+            extract_frustum_planes(nonfinite),
+            Err(FrustumError::NonFinite { .. })
+        ));
+        assert!(matches!(
+            extract_frustum_planes([[0.0; 4]; 4]),
+            Err(FrustumError::Degenerate { .. })
+        ));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn frustum_extraction_normalizes_without_overflow() {
+        let mut matrix = Camera::new(1.0).view_proj;
+        for value in matrix.iter_mut().flatten() {
+            *value *= 1.0e20;
+        }
+        let planes = extract_frustum_planes(matrix).unwrap();
+        for plane in planes {
+            let length = (plane[0] * plane[0] + plane[1] * plane[1] + plane[2] * plane[2]).sqrt();
+            assert!((length - 1.0).abs() < 1.0e-5);
+            assert!(plane.iter().all(|value| value.is_finite()));
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn assert_vec3_close(actual: Vec3, expected: Vec3, epsilon: f32) {
+        assert!(
+            (actual.x - expected.x).abs() <= epsilon,
+            "x: {actual:?} != {expected:?}"
+        );
+        assert!(
+            (actual.y - expected.y).abs() <= epsilon,
+            "y: {actual:?} != {expected:?}"
+        );
+        assert!(
+            (actual.z - expected.z).abs() <= epsilon,
+            "z: {actual:?} != {expected:?}"
+        );
+    }
+
+    fn assert_camera_finite(camera: &Camera) {
+        assert!(vec3_is_finite(camera.position));
+        assert!(vec3_is_finite(camera.target));
+        assert!(camera.distance.is_finite());
+        assert!(camera
+            .view_proj
+            .iter()
+            .flatten()
+            .all(|component| component.is_finite()));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn zoom_is_multiplicative_and_preserves_target() {
+        let mut camera = Camera::new(1.0);
+        camera.look_at(Vec3::new(0.0, 0.0, 10.0), Vec3::zero());
+        let initial_position = camera.position;
+        let initial_target = camera.target;
+        let initial_distance = camera.distance;
+
+        camera.zoom(-100.0);
+        assert!(camera.distance < initial_distance);
+        assert_eq!(camera.target, initial_target);
+
+        camera.zoom(100.0);
+        assert_vec3_close(camera.position, initial_position, 1e-4);
+        assert!((camera.distance - initial_distance).abs() <= 1e-4);
+
+        camera.zoom(100.0);
+        assert!(camera.distance > initial_distance);
+        assert_eq!(camera.target, initial_target);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn zoom_clamps_and_remains_finite() {
+        let mut camera = Camera::new(1.0);
+        camera.look_at(Vec3::new(0.0, 0.0, 10.0), Vec3::zero());
+        camera.zoom(f32::NEG_INFINITY);
+        assert!((camera.distance - 10.0).abs() <= 1e-5);
+        camera.zoom(-f32::MAX);
+        assert!((camera.distance - MIN_DISTANCE).abs() <= f32::EPSILON);
+        camera.zoom(f32::MAX);
+        assert!(camera.distance <= camera.z_far * 0.95);
+        assert_camera_finite(&camera);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn pan_moves_eye_and_target_equally_at_target_plane_scale() {
+        let mut camera = Camera::new(1.0);
+        camera.look_at(Vec3::new(0.0, 0.0, 10.0), Vec3::zero());
+        let initial_position = camera.position;
+        let initial_target = camera.target;
+        let initial_offset = initial_position - initial_target;
+        let units = 2.0 * 10.0 * (PI / 6.0).tan() / 1000.0;
+
+        camera.pan(20.0, 10.0, 1000.0);
+
+        let translation = Vec3::new(-20.0 * units, 10.0 * units, 0.0);
+        assert_vec3_close(camera.position, initial_position + translation, 1e-5);
+        assert_vec3_close(camera.target, initial_target + translation, 1e-5);
+        assert_vec3_close(camera.position - camera.target, initial_offset, 1e-5);
+        assert!((camera.distance - 10.0).abs() <= 1e-5);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn pan_scale_is_proportional_to_distance() {
+        let mut near = Camera::new(1.0);
+        near.look_at(Vec3::new(0.0, 0.0, 5.0), Vec3::zero());
+        let mut far = Camera::new(1.0);
+        far.look_at(Vec3::new(0.0, 0.0, 10.0), Vec3::zero());
+
+        near.pan(10.0, 0.0, 1000.0);
+        far.pan(10.0, 0.0, 1000.0);
+
+        assert!((far.target.mag() / near.target.mag() - 2.0).abs() <= 1e-5);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn orbit_preserves_target_and_distance() {
+        let mut camera = Camera::new(1.0);
+        camera.look_at(Vec3::new(2.0, 3.0, 10.0), Vec3::new(1.0, -1.0, 0.5));
+        let initial_target = camera.target;
+        let initial_distance = (camera.position - camera.target).mag();
+
+        camera.orbit(40.0, -25.0);
+
+        assert_eq!(camera.target, initial_target);
+        assert!(((camera.position - camera.target).mag() - initial_distance).abs() <= 1e-5);
+        assert!((camera.distance - initial_distance).abs() <= 1e-5);
+        assert!(camera.distance >= MIN_DISTANCE);
+        assert_camera_finite(&camera);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn controls_reject_invalid_input_and_recover_degenerate_look_at() {
+        let mut camera = Camera::new(1.0);
+        camera.look_at(Vec3::zero(), Vec3::zero());
+        assert!((camera.position - camera.target).mag() >= MIN_DISTANCE);
+        let position = camera.position;
+        let target = camera.target;
+
+        camera.orbit(f32::NAN, 1.0);
+        camera.zoom(f32::INFINITY);
+        camera.pan(f32::NAN, 1.0, 0.0);
+        assert_eq!(camera.position, position);
+        assert_eq!(camera.target, target);
+
+        camera.pan(1.0, 1.0, 0.0);
+        camera.orbit(4.0, -3.0);
+        camera.zoom(2.0);
+        assert_camera_finite(&camera);
+    }
+}

renderer/src/gltf.rs

@@ -4,10 +4,100 @@ use gltf::Gltf;
 use ultraviolet::{Mat4, Vec3};
 
 use crate::render_data::{
-    InstanceHandle, MeshCreateInfo, MeshHandle, ModelTransform, PipelineKey, RenderData,
+    InstanceHandle, MaterialKey, MeshCreateInfo, MeshHandle, ModelTransform, PipelineKey,
-    RenderDataError, RenderFlags,
+    RenderData, RenderDataError, RenderFlags,
 };
 
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Default, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum AlphaMode {
+    #[default]
+    Opaque,
+    Mask,
+    Blend,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub struct TextureReference {
+    pub texture: usize,
+    pub tex_coord: u32,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq)]
+pub struct Material {
+    pub key: MaterialKey,
+    pub base_color_factor: [f32; 4],
+    pub metallic_factor: f32,
+    pub roughness_factor: f32,
+    pub emissive_factor: [f32; 3],
+    /// Index of refraction for the dielectric Fresnel response.
+    pub ior: f32,
+    pub alpha_mode: AlphaMode,
+    pub alpha_cutoff: f32,
+    pub double_sided: bool,
+    pub base_color_texture: Option<TextureReference>,
+    pub metallic_roughness_texture: Option<TextureReference>,
+    pub normal_texture: Option<TextureReference>,
+    pub normal_scale: f32,
+    pub occlusion_texture: Option<TextureReference>,
+    pub occlusion_strength: f32,
+    pub emissive_texture: Option<TextureReference>,
+}
+
+impl Default for Material {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            key: MaterialKey::DEFAULT,
+            base_color_factor: [1.0; 4],
+            metallic_factor: 1.0,
+            roughness_factor: 1.0,
+            emissive_factor: [0.0; 3],
+            ior: 1.5,
+            alpha_mode: AlphaMode::Opaque,
+            alpha_cutoff: 0.5,
+            double_sided: false,
+            base_color_texture: None,
+            metallic_roughness_texture: None,
+            normal_texture: None,
+            normal_scale: 1.0,
+            occlusion_texture: None,
+            occlusion_strength: 1.0,
+            emissive_texture: None,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub struct TextureMetadata {
+    pub image: usize,
+    pub sampler: Option<usize>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub struct SamplerMetadata {
+    pub index: usize,
+    pub mag_filter: Option<String>,
+    pub min_filter: Option<String>,
+    pub wrap_s: String,
+    pub wrap_t: String,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum ImageSource {
+    Uri(String),
+    BufferView(usize),
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub struct ImageMetadata {
+    pub index: usize,
+    pub name: Option<String>,
+    pub mime_type: Option<String>,
+    pub source: ImageSource,
+    /// Encoded PNG/JPEG bytes. Kept encoded so GPU installation can decode and
+    /// upload images one at a time instead of retaining a decoded image batch.
+    pub encoded_data: Vec<u8>,
+}
+
 #[derive(Clone, Debug)]
 pub struct InstalledScene {
     pub meshes: Vec<MeshHandle>,
@@ -60,16 +150,31 @@ pub enum ImportError {
     GltfParse(#[from] gltf::Error),
     #[error("unsupported or malformed primitive: {0}")]
     InvalidPrimitive(String),
+    #[error("unsupported image source: {0}")]
+    UnsupportedImage(String),
+    #[error("invalid KHR_materials_ior value: {0}")]
+    InvalidIor(f32),
     #[error("failed to install imported scene")]
     Install(#[from] RenderDataError),
 }
 
+fn decode_ior(value: Option<f32>) -> Result<f32, ImportError> {
+    let ior = value.unwrap_or(1.5);
+    if ior == 0.0 || (ior.is_finite() && ior >= 1.0) {
+        Ok(ior)
+    } else {
+        Err(ImportError::InvalidIor(ior))
+    }
+}
+
 #[derive(Clone, Debug)]
 pub struct ImportedGeometry {
     pub key: (usize, usize),
+    pub material: MaterialKey,
     pub double_sided: bool,
     pub positions: Vec<[f32; 3]>,
     pub normals: Vec<[f32; 3]>,
+    pub tangents: Vec<[f32; 4]>,
     pub uvs: Vec<[f32; 2]>,
     pub indices: Vec<u32>,
 }
@@ -82,12 +187,257 @@ pub struct ImportedOccurrence {
 pub struct ImportedScene {
     pub geometries: Vec<ImportedGeometry>,
     pub occurrences: Vec<ImportedOccurrence>,
+    pub materials: Vec<Material>,
+    pub textures: Vec<TextureMetadata>,
+    pub samplers: Vec<SamplerMetadata>,
+    pub images: Vec<ImageMetadata>,
+}
+
+fn texture_reference(info: gltf::texture::Info<'_>) -> TextureReference {
+    TextureReference {
+        texture: info.texture().index(),
+        tex_coord: info.tex_coord(),
+    }
+}
+
+fn normalize(value: [f32; 3], fallback: [f32; 3]) -> [f32; 3] {
+    let length = value.iter().map(|x| x * x).sum::<f32>().sqrt();
+    if length > f32::EPSILON && length.is_finite() {
+        value.map(|x| x / length)
+    } else {
+        fallback
+    }
+}
+
+fn sub(a: [f32; 3], b: [f32; 3]) -> [f32; 3] {
+    [a[0] - b[0], a[1] - b[1], a[2] - b[2]]
+}
+
+fn cross(a: [f32; 3], b: [f32; 3]) -> [f32; 3] {
+    [
+        a[1] * b[2] - a[2] * b[1],
+        a[2] * b[0] - a[0] * b[2],
+        a[0] * b[1] - a[1] * b[0],
+    ]
+}
+
+fn dot(a: [f32; 3], b: [f32; 3]) -> f32 {
+    a[0] * b[0] + a[1] * b[1] + a[2] * b[2]
+}
+
+/// Completes triangle vertex attributes. Generated attributes use corner vertices,
+/// which deliberately splits UV seams, hard normal edges, and opposite handedness.
+fn repair_geometry(
+    positions: Vec<[f32; 3]>,
+    normals: Option<Vec<[f32; 3]>>,
+    tangents: Option<Vec<[f32; 4]>>,
+    uvs: Vec<[f32; 2]>,
+    indices: Vec<u32>,
+) -> Result<
+    (
+        Vec<[f32; 3]>,
+        Vec<[f32; 3]>,
+        Vec<[f32; 4]>,
+        Vec<[f32; 2]>,
+        Vec<u32>,
+    ),
+    ImportError,
+> {
+    if indices.len() % 3 != 0 || indices.iter().any(|&i| i as usize >= positions.len()) {
+        return Err(ImportError::InvalidPrimitive(
+            "triangle indices are malformed".into(),
+        ));
+    }
+    let normals_valid = normals.as_ref().is_some_and(|x| x.len() == positions.len());
+    let tangents_valid = tangents
+        .as_ref()
+        .is_some_and(|x| x.len() == positions.len());
+    if normals_valid && tangents_valid {
+        return Ok((positions, normals.unwrap(), tangents.unwrap(), uvs, indices));
+    }
+
+    let mut out_p = Vec::with_capacity(indices.len());
+    let mut out_n = Vec::with_capacity(indices.len());
+    let mut out_t = Vec::with_capacity(indices.len());
+    let mut out_uv = Vec::with_capacity(indices.len());
+    for triangle in indices.chunks_exact(3) {
+        let ids = [
+            triangle[0] as usize,
+            triangle[1] as usize,
+            triangle[2] as usize,
+        ];
+        let p = ids.map(|i| positions[i]);
+        let uv = ids.map(|i| uvs.get(i).copied().unwrap_or([0.0; 2]));
+        let face_normal = normalize(cross(sub(p[1], p[0]), sub(p[2], p[0])), [0.0, 1.0, 0.0]);
+        let duv1 = [uv[1][0] - uv[0][0], uv[1][1] - uv[0][1]];
+        let duv2 = [uv[2][0] - uv[0][0], uv[2][1] - uv[0][1]];
+        let determinant = duv1[0] * duv2[1] - duv1[1] * duv2[0];
+        let edge1 = sub(p[1], p[0]);
+        let edge2 = sub(p[2], p[0]);
+        let (raw_tangent, raw_bitangent) =
+            if determinant.abs() > f32::EPSILON && determinant.is_finite() {
+                let r = determinant.recip();
+                (
+                    std::array::from_fn(|i| (edge1[i] * duv2[1] - edge2[i] * duv1[1]) * r),
+                    std::array::from_fn(|i| (edge2[i] * duv1[0] - edge1[i] * duv2[0]) * r),
+                )
+            } else {
+                ([0.0; 3], [0.0; 3])
+            };
+        for corner in 0..3 {
+            let n = normals
+                .as_ref()
+                .filter(|_| normals_valid)
+                .map_or(face_normal, |x| x[ids[corner]]);
+            let n = normalize(n, face_normal);
+            let projected = std::array::from_fn(|i| raw_tangent[i] - n[i] * dot(n, raw_tangent));
+            let fallback_axis = if n[0].abs() < 0.9 {
+                [1.0, 0.0, 0.0]
+            } else {
+                [0.0, 1.0, 0.0]
+            };
+            let tangent3 = normalize(
+                projected,
+                normalize(cross(fallback_axis, n), [0.0, 0.0, 1.0]),
+            );
+            let generated = [
+                tangent3[0],
+                tangent3[1],
+                tangent3[2],
+                if dot(cross(n, tangent3), raw_bitangent) < 0.0 {
+                    -1.0
+                } else {
+                    1.0
+                },
+            ];
+            out_p.push(p[corner]);
+            out_n.push(n);
+            out_t.push(
+                tangents
+                    .as_ref()
+                    .filter(|_| tangents_valid)
+                    .map_or(generated, |x| x[ids[corner]]),
+            );
+            out_uv.push(uv[corner]);
+        }
+    }
+    let out_i = (0..u32::try_from(out_p.len())
+        .map_err(|_| ImportError::InvalidPrimitive("vertex count exceeds u32".into()))?)
+        .collect();
+    Ok((out_p, out_n, out_t, out_uv, out_i))
 }
 
 pub fn decode_gltf(bytes: &[u8]) -> Result<ImportedScene, ImportError> {
-    let model = Gltf::from_slice(bytes)?;
+    decode_gltf_model(Gltf::from_slice(bytes)?)
-    let buffers = gltf::import_buffers(&model.document, None, model.blob.clone())?;
+}
+
+pub fn decode_gltf_owned(bytes: Vec<u8>) -> Result<ImportedScene, ImportError> {
+    let model = Gltf::from_slice(&bytes)?;
+    drop(bytes);
+    decode_gltf_model(model)
+}
+
+fn decode_gltf_model(mut model: Gltf) -> Result<ImportedScene, ImportError> {
+    // Reject external images before buffer import can turn them into a generic
+    // import error (or attempt to interpret a data/external URI).
+    for image in model.images() {
+        if let gltf::image::Source::Uri { uri, .. } = image.source() {
+            return Err(ImportError::UnsupportedImage(format!(
+                "URI/external image '{uri}'"
+            )));
+        }
+    }
+    let blob = model.blob.take();
+    let buffers = gltf::import_buffers(&model.document, None, blob)?;
     let mut result = ImportedScene::default();
+    result.materials.push(Material::default());
+    for material in model.materials() {
+        let pbr = material.pbr_metallic_roughness();
+        let normal = material.normal_texture();
+        let normal_texture = normal.as_ref().map(|x| TextureReference {
+            texture: x.texture().index(),
+            tex_coord: x.tex_coord(),
+        });
+        let occlusion = material.occlusion_texture();
+        let occlusion_texture = occlusion.as_ref().map(|x| TextureReference {
+            texture: x.texture().index(),
+            tex_coord: x.tex_coord(),
+        });
+        result.materials.push(Material {
+            key: MaterialKey::new(material.index().unwrap() as u32 + 1),
+            base_color_factor: pbr.base_color_factor(),
+            metallic_factor: pbr.metallic_factor(),
+            roughness_factor: pbr.roughness_factor(),
+            emissive_factor: material.emissive_factor(),
+            ior: decode_ior(material.ior())?,
+            alpha_mode: match material.alpha_mode() {
+                gltf::material::AlphaMode::Opaque => AlphaMode::Opaque,
+                gltf::material::AlphaMode::Mask => AlphaMode::Mask,
+                gltf::material::AlphaMode::Blend => AlphaMode::Blend,
+            },
+            alpha_cutoff: material.alpha_cutoff().unwrap_or(0.5),
+            double_sided: material.double_sided(),
+            base_color_texture: pbr.base_color_texture().map(texture_reference),
+            metallic_roughness_texture: pbr.metallic_roughness_texture().map(texture_reference),
+            normal_texture,
+            normal_scale: normal.map_or(1.0, |x| x.scale()),
+            occlusion_texture,
+            occlusion_strength: occlusion.map_or(1.0, |x| x.strength()),
+            emissive_texture: material.emissive_texture().map(texture_reference),
+        });
+    }
+    result.textures = model
+        .textures()
+        .map(|x| TextureMetadata {
+            image: x.source().index(),
+            sampler: x.sampler().index(),
+        })
+        .collect();
+    result.samplers = model
+        .samplers()
+        .map(|x| SamplerMetadata {
+            index: x.index().unwrap(),
+            mag_filter: x.mag_filter().map(|v| format!("{v:?}")),
+            min_filter: x.min_filter().map(|v| format!("{v:?}")),
+            wrap_s: format!("{:?}", x.wrap_s()),
+            wrap_t: format!("{:?}", x.wrap_t()),
+        })
+        .collect();
+    result.images = model
+        .images()
+        .map(|x| -> Result<_, ImportError> {
+            let (source, mime_type, encoded_data) = match x.source() {
+                gltf::image::Source::Uri { uri, .. } => {
+                    return Err(ImportError::UnsupportedImage(format!(
+                        "URI/external image '{uri}'"
+                    )))
+                }
+                gltf::image::Source::View { view, mime_type } => {
+                    let data = buffers.get(view.buffer().index()).ok_or_else(|| {
+                        ImportError::UnsupportedImage("image buffer is missing".into())
+                    })?;
+                    let end = view.offset().checked_add(view.length()).ok_or_else(|| {
+                        ImportError::UnsupportedImage("image bufferView overflows".into())
+                    })?;
+                    let bytes = data.0.get(view.offset()..end).ok_or_else(|| {
+                        ImportError::UnsupportedImage("image bufferView is out of bounds".into())
+                    })?;
+                    (
+                        ImageSource::BufferView(view.index()),
+                        Some(mime_type.to_owned()),
+                        bytes.to_vec(),
+                    )
+                }
+            };
+            Ok(ImageMetadata {
+                index: x.index(),
+                name: x.name().map(str::to_owned),
+                mime_type,
+                source,
+                encoded_data,
+            })
+        })
+        .collect::<Result<_, _>>()?;
     let mut seen = HashMap::new();
     fn visit(
         node: gltf::Node<'_>,
@@ -116,12 +466,8 @@ pub fn decode_gltf(bytes: &[u8]) -> Result<ImportedScene, ImportError> {
                     if count == 0 {
                         continue;
                     }
-                    let mut normals: Vec<_> = reader
+                    let normals = reader.read_normals().map(|x| x.collect());
-                        .read_normals()
+                    let tangents = reader.read_tangents().map(|x| x.collect());
-                        .map(|x| x.collect())
-                        .unwrap_or_default();
-                    normals.resize(count, [0., 1., 0.]);
-                    normals.truncate(count);
                     let mut uvs: Vec<_> = reader
                         .read_tex_coords(0)
                         .map(|x| x.into_f32().collect())
@@ -139,11 +485,20 @@ pub fn decode_gltf(bytes: &[u8]) -> Result<ImportedScene, ImportError> {
                     if indices.is_empty() {
                         continue;
                     }
+                    let (positions, normals, tangents, uvs, indices) =
+                        repair_geometry(positions, normals, tangents, uvs, indices)?;
+                    let primitive_material = primitive.material();
                     result.geometries.push(ImportedGeometry {
                         key,
-                        double_sided: primitive.material().double_sided(),
+                        material: primitive_material
+                            .index()
+                            .map_or(MaterialKey::DEFAULT, |index| {
+                                MaterialKey::new(index as u32 + 1)
+                            }),
+                        double_sided: primitive_material.double_sided(),
                         positions,
                         normals,
+                        tangents,
                         uvs,
                         indices,
                     });
@@ -189,9 +544,11 @@ pub fn install_imported(
         let created = stage.create_mesh(MeshCreateInfo {
             positions: &geometry.positions,
             normals: &geometry.normals,
+            tangents: &geometry.tangents,
             uvs: &geometry.uvs,
             indices: &geometry.indices,
             pipeline: pipelines[usize::from(geometry.double_sided)],
+            material: geometry.material,
             flags: RenderFlags::VISIBLE,
             default_instance_flags: RenderFlags::VISIBLE,
             default_transform: transform,
@@ -250,3 +607,151 @@ pub fn install_imported(
         bounds,
     })
 }
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn uri_images_are_rejected_explicitly() {
+        let json = br#"{
+            "asset":{"version":"2.0"},
+            "images":[{"uri":"external.png"}],
+            "scenes":[{"nodes":[]}],"scene":0
+        }"#;
+        let result = decode_gltf(json);
+        assert!(
+            matches!(
+                result,
+                Err(ImportError::UnsupportedImage(ref message)) if message.contains("URI/external")
+            ),
+            "unexpected result: {result:?}"
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn owned_and_borrowed_decode_paths_remain_compatible() {
+        let json = br#"{
+            "asset":{"version":"2.0"},
+            "scenes":[{"nodes":[]}],"scene":0
+        }"#;
+        let borrowed = decode_gltf(json).unwrap();
+        let owned = decode_gltf_owned(json.to_vec()).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(borrowed.geometries.len(), owned.geometries.len());
+        assert_eq!(borrowed.occurrences.len(), owned.occurrences.len());
+        assert_eq!(borrowed.materials.len(), owned.materials.len());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn repair_duplicates_corners_and_generates_flat_finite_frames() {
+        let positions = vec![
+            [0.0, 0.0, 0.0],
+            [1.0, 0.0, 0.0],
+            [0.0, 1.0, 0.0],
+            [0.0, 0.0, 1.0],
+        ];
+        let repaired = repair_geometry(
+            positions,
+            None,
+            None,
+            vec![[0.0; 2]; 4],
+            vec![0, 1, 2, 0, 3, 1],
+        )
+        .unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(repaired.0.len(), 6);
+        assert_eq!(repaired.4, (0..6).collect::<Vec<_>>());
+        assert_eq!(&repaired.1[..3], &[[0.0, 0.0, 1.0]; 3]);
+        assert_eq!(&repaired.1[3..], &[[0.0, 1.0, 0.0]; 3]);
+        assert!(repaired
+            .2
+            .iter()
+            .flatten()
+            .all(|component| component.is_finite()));
+        assert!(repaired.2.iter().all(|tangent| tangent[3].abs() == 1.0));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn generated_tangents_split_opposite_handedness_and_supplied_values_survive() {
+        let positions = vec![
+            [0.0, 0.0, 0.0],
+            [1.0, 0.0, 0.0],
+            [0.0, 1.0, 0.0],
+            [-1.0, 0.0, 0.0],
+        ];
+        let normals = vec![[0.0, 0.0, 1.0]; 4];
+        let generated = repair_geometry(
+            positions.clone(),
+            Some(normals.clone()),
+            None,
+            vec![[0.0, 0.0], [1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 1.0], [1.0, 0.0]],
+            vec![0, 1, 2, 0, 2, 3],
+        )
+        .unwrap();
+        assert_ne!(generated.2[0][3], generated.2[3][3]);
+
+        let supplied = vec![[0.25, 0.5, 0.75, -1.0]; 4];
+        let preserved = repair_geometry(
+            positions,
+            Some(normals),
+            Some(supplied.clone()),
+            vec![[0.0; 2]; 4],
+            vec![0, 1, 2],
+        )
+        .unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(preserved.2, supplied);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn material_defaults_match_gltf_core_defaults() {
+        let material = Material::default();
+        assert_eq!(material.base_color_factor, [1.0; 4]);
+        assert_eq!(material.metallic_factor, 1.0);
+        assert_eq!(material.roughness_factor, 1.0);
+        assert_eq!(material.alpha_cutoff, 0.5);
+        assert_eq!(material.ior, 1.5);
+        assert_eq!(material.key, MaterialKey::DEFAULT);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn imports_khr_materials_ior() {
+        let json = br#"{
+            "asset":{"version":"2.0"},
+            "extensionsUsed":["KHR_materials_ior"],
+            "materials":[{"extensions":{"KHR_materials_ior":{"ior":1.33}}}],
+            "scenes":[{"nodes":[]}],"scene":0
+        }"#;
+        let imported = decode_gltf(json).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(imported.materials[1].ior, 1.33);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn ior_gate_accepts_default_physical_values_and_explicit_zero_sentinel() {
+        assert_eq!(decode_ior(None).unwrap(), 1.5);
+        assert_eq!(decode_ior(Some(1.0)).unwrap(), 1.0);
+        assert_eq!(decode_ior(Some(1.33)).unwrap(), 1.33);
+        assert_eq!(decode_ior(Some(0.0)).unwrap(), 0.0);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn ior_gate_rejects_nonphysical_and_nonfinite_values() {
+        for ior in [-1.0, 0.5, f32::INFINITY, f32::NEG_INFINITY, f32::NAN] {
+            assert!(matches!(
+                decode_ior(Some(ior)),
+                Err(ImportError::InvalidIor(_))
+            ));
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn malformed_but_parseable_json_ior_is_rejected_before_packing() {
+        for ior in ["-1", "0.5"] {
+            let json = format!(
+                r#"{{"asset":{{"version":"2.0"}},"extensionsUsed":["KHR_materials_ior"],"materials":[{{"extensions":{{"KHR_materials_ior":{{"ior":{ior}}}}}}}],"scenes":[{{"nodes":[]}}],"scene":0}}"#
+            );
+            assert!(matches!(
+                decode_gltf(json.as_bytes()),
+                Err(ImportError::InvalidIor(_))
+            ));
+        }
+    }
+}

renderer/src/gltf.wgsl

@@ -1,72 +1,52 @@
-struct UniformData {
+struct UniformData { mouse_move: vec2<f32>, mouse_click: vec2<f32>, resolution: vec2<f32>, time: f32, _padding0: f32, camera_position: vec4<f32> }
-    mouse_move: vec2<f32>,
+struct MaterialData { base_color_factor: vec4<f32>, emissive_factor: vec4<f32>, surface_factors: vec4<f32>, alpha_optics: vec4<f32>, flags: vec4<u32>, uv_sets: vec4<u32>, debug_extras: vec4<u32> }
-    mouse_click: vec2<f32>,
-    resolution: vec2<f32>,
-    time: f32,
-    _padding0: f32,
-    camera_position: vec4<f32>,
-}
-
 @group(0) @binding(0) var<uniform> uni: UniformData;
 @group(1) @binding(0) var<uniform> view_proj: mat4x4<f32>;
+@group(2) @binding(0) var<uniform> material: MaterialData;
+@group(2) @binding(1) var base_tex: texture_2d<f32>;
+@group(2) @binding(2) var mr_tex: texture_2d<f32>;
+@group(2) @binding(3) var normal_tex: texture_2d<f32>;
+@group(2) @binding(4) var occlusion_tex: texture_2d<f32>;
+@group(2) @binding(5) var emissive_tex: texture_2d<f32>;
+@group(2) @binding(6) var base_sampler: sampler;
+@group(2) @binding(7) var mr_sampler: sampler;
+@group(2) @binding(8) var normal_sampler: sampler;
+@group(2) @binding(9) var occlusion_sampler: sampler;
+@group(2) @binding(10) var emissive_sampler: sampler;
 
-struct VertexInput {
+struct VertexInput { @location(0) pos: vec3<f32>, @location(1) normal: vec3<f32>, @location(2) uv: vec2<f32>, @location(3) model_col0: vec4<f32>, @location(4) model_col1: vec4<f32>, @location(5) model_col2: vec4<f32>, @location(6) model_col3: vec4<f32>, @location(7) normal_col0: vec4<f32>, @location(8) normal_col1: vec4<f32>, @location(9) normal_col2: vec4<f32>, @location(10) tangent: vec4<f32> }
-    @location(0) pos: vec3<f32>,
+struct VertexOutput { @builtin(position) clip_position: vec4<f32>, @location(0) world_pos: vec3<f32>, @location(1) normal: vec3<f32>, @location(2) tangent: vec3<f32>, @location(3) bitangent: vec3<f32>, @location(4) uv: vec2<f32>, @location(5) @interpolate(flat) determinant_sign: f32 }
-    @location(1) normal: vec3<f32>,
+fn safe_normalize(v: vec3<f32>, fallback: vec3<f32>) -> vec3<f32> { let l2 = dot(v, v); return select(fallback, v * inverseSqrt(l2), l2 > 1e-12 && l2 < 1e30); }
-    @location(2) uv: vec2<f32>,
+@vertex fn vs_main(in: VertexInput) -> VertexOutput {
-    @location(3) model_col0: vec4<f32>,
+    var out: VertexOutput; let model = mat4x4<f32>(in.model_col0, in.model_col1, in.model_col2, in.model_col3);
-    @location(4) model_col1: vec4<f32>,
+    let linear = mat3x3<f32>(in.model_col0.xyz, in.model_col1.xyz, in.model_col2.xyz); let nm = mat3x3<f32>(in.normal_col0.xyz, in.normal_col1.xyz, in.normal_col2.xyz);
-    @location(5) model_col2: vec4<f32>,
+    let world = model * vec4<f32>(in.pos, 1.0); let n = safe_normalize(nm * in.normal, vec3<f32>(0,1,0)); let raw_t = linear * in.tangent.xyz;
-    @location(6) model_col3: vec4<f32>,
+    var t = raw_t - n * dot(n, raw_t); if dot(t,t) < 1e-8 { t = cross(select(vec3<f32>(0,1,0), vec3<f32>(1,0,0), abs(n.x) < 0.9), n); } t = safe_normalize(t, vec3<f32>(1,0,0));
-    @location(7) normal_col0: vec4<f32>,
+    out.clip_position = view_proj * world; out.world_pos = world.xyz; out.normal = n; out.tangent = t; out.bitangent = safe_normalize(cross(n,t), vec3<f32>(0,0,1)) * in.tangent.w * in.normal_col0.w; out.uv = in.uv; out.determinant_sign = in.normal_col0.w; return out;
-    @location(8) normal_col1: vec4<f32>,
-    @location(9) normal_col2: vec4<f32>,
 }
-
+struct Closure { base: vec4<f32>, mr: vec2<f32>, normal_map: vec3<f32>, ao: f32, emissive: vec3<f32> }
-struct VertexOutput {
+fn sample_closure(uv: vec2<f32>) -> Closure {
-    @builtin(position) clip_position: vec4<f32>,
+    let bits = material.flags.x; var c: Closure;
-    @location(0) world_pos: vec3<f32>,
+    c.base = material.base_color_factor * select(vec4<f32>(1), textureSample(base_tex, base_sampler, uv), (bits & 1u) != 0u);
-    @location(1) normal: vec3<f32>
+    let mr = select(vec4<f32>(1), textureSample(mr_tex, mr_sampler, uv), (bits & 2u) != 0u); c.mr = vec2<f32>(clamp(material.surface_factors.x * mr.b,0,1), clamp(material.surface_factors.y * mr.g,0.045,1));
+    c.normal_map = select(vec3<f32>(0.5,0.5,1), textureSample(normal_tex, normal_sampler, uv).xyz, (bits & 4u) != 0u);
+    let occ = select(1.0, textureSample(occlusion_tex, occlusion_sampler, uv).r, (bits & 8u) != 0u); c.ao = mix(1.0, occ, material.surface_factors.w);
+    c.emissive = material.emissive_factor.rgb * select(vec3<f32>(1), textureSample(emissive_tex, emissive_sampler, uv).rgb, (bits & 16u) != 0u); return c;
 }
-
+fn schlick(f0: vec3<f32>, v_h: f32) -> vec3<f32> { return f0 + (vec3<f32>(1)-f0) * pow(1.0-clamp(v_h,0,1),5.0); }
-
+fn ggx_d(n_h_input: f32, a: f32) -> f32 { let n_h=clamp(n_h_input,0.0,1.0); let a2=a*a; let nh2=n_h*n_h; let q=(1.0-nh2)+a2*nh2; return a2/(3.14159265*q*q); }
-@vertex
+fn smith_v(n_v: f32, n_l: f32, a: f32) -> f32 { let a2=a*a; let gv=n_l*sqrt(max(n_v*n_v*(1.0-a2)+a2,0)); let gl=n_v*sqrt(max(n_l*n_l*(1.0-a2)+a2,0)); return 0.5/max(gv+gl,1e-6); }
-fn vs_main(in: VertexInput) -> VertexOutput {
+@fragment fn fs_main(in: VertexOutput, @builtin(front_facing) front: bool) -> @location(0) vec4<f32> {
-    var out: VertexOutput;
+    let c=sample_closure(in.uv); if material.alpha_optics.x == 1.0 && c.base.a < material.alpha_optics.y { discard; }
-    let model = mat4x4<f32>(
+    let physical_front=front == (in.determinant_sign > 0); let orientation=select(-1.0,1.0,physical_front || material.flags.y == 0u); let map=c.normal_map*2.0-1.0;
-        in.model_col0,
+    let n=safe_normalize(mat3x3<f32>(in.tangent,in.bitangent,in.normal)*safe_normalize(vec3<f32>(map.xy*material.surface_factors.z,map.z),vec3<f32>(0,0,1)),in.normal)*orientation;
-        in.model_col1,
+    let v=safe_normalize(uni.camera_position.xyz-in.world_pos,n); let l=safe_normalize(vec3<f32>(0.35,1,0.45),vec3<f32>(0,1,0)); let h=safe_normalize(v+l,n);
-        in.model_col2,
+    let nv=max(dot(n,v),0); let nl=max(dot(n,l),0); let nh=dot(n,h); let vh=max(dot(v,h),0); let a=c.mr.y*c.mr.y;
-        in.model_col3,
+    let f0=mix(vec3<f32>(material.alpha_optics.w),c.base.rgb,c.mr.x); let direct_f=schlick(f0,vh); let env_f=schlick(f0,nv); let spec=direct_f*ggx_d(nh,a)*smith_v(nv,nl,a); let diffuse=(vec3<f32>(1)-direct_f)*(1.0-c.mr.x)*c.base.rgb/3.14159265;
-    );
+    let sun=(diffuse+spec)*nl*vec3<f32>(3.0,2.85,2.65);
-    let world_position = model * vec4<f32>(in.pos, 1.0);
+    let up=clamp(n.y*0.5+0.5,0,1); let sky=mix(vec3<f32>(0.055,0.045,0.035),vec3<f32>(0.24,0.36,0.58),up); let env_diff=(vec3<f32>(1)-env_f)*(1.0-c.mr.x)*c.base.rgb*sky;
-    out.clip_position = view_proj * world_position;
+    let reflection=reflect(-v,n); let horizon=clamp(reflection.y*0.5+0.5,0,1); let env_spec=env_f*mix(vec3<f32>(0.04,0.035,0.03),vec3<f32>(0.28,0.42,0.7),horizon)*(1.0-0.65*c.mr.y);
-    out.world_pos = world_position.xyz;
+    var color=sun+(env_diff+env_spec)*c.ao+c.emissive;
-    let normal_matrix = mat3x3<f32>(in.normal_col0.xyz, in.normal_col1.xyz, in.normal_col2.xyz);
+    if material.debug_extras.y == 1u { color=n*0.5+0.5; } else if material.debug_extras.y == 2u { color=vec3<f32>(c.mr.x,c.mr.y,c.ao); } else if material.debug_extras.y == 3u { color=f0; }
-    out.normal = normalize(normal_matrix * in.normal);
+    return vec4<f32>(color,1.0); // BLEND remains intentionally opaque.
-    return out;
-}
-
-@fragment
-fn fs_main(in: VertexOutput) -> @location(0) vec4<f32> {
-    let light_direction = normalize(vec3<f32>(0.35, 1.0, 0.45));
-    let light_color = vec3<f32>(1.0, 0.95, 0.85);
-    let base_color = vec3<f32>(0.55, 0.58, 0.62);
-
-    let normal = normalize(in.normal);
-    let view_dir = normalize(uni.camera_position.xyz - in.world_pos);
-
-    let diffuse_strength = max(dot(normal, light_direction), 0.0);
-    let ambient = 0.45;
-
-    var specular = 0.0;
-    if diffuse_strength > 0.0 {
-        let halfway_dir = normalize(light_direction + view_dir);
-        specular = pow(max(dot(normal, halfway_dir), 0.0), 32.0);
-    }
-
-    let lighting = min(base_color * (ambient + diffuse_strength) + light_color * specular, vec3<f32>(1.0));
-    let x = select(0.0, 0.3, distance(in.clip_position.xy, uni.mouse_move) < 25.0);
-    let y = select(0.0, 0.3, distance(in.clip_position.xy, uni.mouse_click) < 25.0);
-    return vec4<f32>(lighting + x - y, 1.0);
 }

renderer/src/message.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,40 @@
 use core::fmt;
 use std::cell::BorrowMutError;
 use std::sync::mpsc::TryRecvError;
+use wasm_bindgen::JsCast;
+
+pub const RIGHT_BUTTON_MASK: u16 = 0x02;
+pub const MIDDLE_BUTTON_MASK: u16 = 0x04;
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum CameraDrag {
+    Orbit,
+    Pan,
+}
+
+pub fn camera_drag(buttons: u16) -> Option<CameraDrag> {
+    if buttons & MIDDLE_BUTTON_MASK != 0 {
+        Some(CameraDrag::Orbit)
+    } else if buttons & RIGHT_BUTTON_MASK != 0 {
+        Some(CameraDrag::Pan)
+    } else {
+        None
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn normalize_wheel_delta(delta_y: f64, delta_mode: u32, viewport_height: f64) -> Option<f32> {
+    if !delta_y.is_finite() || !viewport_height.is_finite() {
+        return None;
+    }
+    let delta = match delta_mode {
+        0 => delta_y,
+        1 => delta_y * 16.0,
+        2 => delta_y * viewport_height.max(1.0),
+        _ => return None,
+    };
+    let delta = delta as f32;
+    delta.is_finite().then_some(delta)
+}
 
 #[derive(Debug)]
 pub enum WindowEvent {
@@ -42,10 +76,11 @@ pub struct MouseMessage {
     pub movement_y: f64,
     pub offset_x: f64,
     pub offset_y: f64,
+    pub viewport_height: f64,
 }
 
 impl MouseMessage {
-    pub fn from_evt(event: web_sys::MouseEvent) -> Self {
+    pub fn from_evt(event: &web_sys::MouseEvent, viewport_height: f64) -> Self {
         let window = web_sys::window().unwrap();
         Self {
             scale_factor: window.device_pixel_ratio(),
@@ -57,33 +92,24 @@ impl MouseMessage {
             movement_y: event.movement_y() as f64,
             offset_x: event.offset_x() as f64,
             offset_y: event.offset_y() as f64,
+            viewport_height,
         }
     }
+
+    pub fn from_pointer_evt(event: &web_sys::PointerEvent, viewport_height: f64) -> Self {
+        Self::from_evt(event.unchecked_ref(), viewport_height)
+    }
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 pub struct WheelMessage {
-    pub scale_factor: f64,
+    pub delta_y_pixels: f32,
-    pub delta_x: f64,
-    pub delta_y: f64,
-    pub delta_z: f64,
-    pub delta_mode: u32,
-    pub client_x: f64,
-    pub client_y: f64,
 }
 
 impl WheelMessage {
-    pub fn from_evt(event: web_sys::WheelEvent) -> Self {
+    pub fn from_evt(event: &web_sys::WheelEvent, viewport_height: f64) -> Option<Self> {
-        let window = web_sys::window().unwrap();
+        normalize_wheel_delta(event.delta_y(), event.delta_mode(), viewport_height)
-        Self {
+            .map(|delta_y_pixels| Self { delta_y_pixels })
-            scale_factor: window.device_pixel_ratio(),
-            delta_x: event.delta_x(),
-            delta_y: event.delta_y(),
-            delta_z: event.delta_z(),
-            delta_mode: event.delta_mode(),
-            client_x: event.client_x() as f64,
-            client_y: event.client_y() as f64,
-        }
     }
 }
 
@@ -147,3 +173,32 @@ impl From<BorrowMutError> for DrainEventError {
         DrainEventError::BorrowError(err)
     }
 }
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn wheel_delta_is_normalized_to_css_pixels() {
+        assert_eq!(normalize_wheel_delta(12.5, 0, 640.0), Some(12.5));
+        assert_eq!(normalize_wheel_delta(2.0, 1, 640.0), Some(32.0));
+        assert_eq!(normalize_wheel_delta(-1.0, 2, 640.0), Some(-640.0));
+        assert_eq!(normalize_wheel_delta(2.0, 2, 0.0), Some(2.0));
+        assert_eq!(normalize_wheel_delta(1.0, 3, 640.0), None);
+        assert_eq!(normalize_wheel_delta(f64::NAN, 0, 640.0), None);
+        assert_eq!(normalize_wheel_delta(f64::INFINITY, 0, 640.0), None);
+        assert_eq!(normalize_wheel_delta(1.0, 0, f64::NAN), None);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn camera_drag_prefers_orbit_when_both_buttons_are_down() {
+        assert_eq!(camera_drag(0), None);
+        assert_eq!(camera_drag(1), None);
+        assert_eq!(camera_drag(RIGHT_BUTTON_MASK), Some(CameraDrag::Pan));
+        assert_eq!(camera_drag(MIDDLE_BUTTON_MASK), Some(CameraDrag::Orbit));
+        assert_eq!(
+            camera_drag(RIGHT_BUTTON_MASK | MIDDLE_BUTTON_MASK),
+            Some(CameraDrag::Orbit)
+        );
+    }
+}

renderer/src/platform/web/worker/mod.rs

@@ -109,12 +109,15 @@ impl MainWorker {
     pub async fn run_render_loop<T: crate::renderer::scene::Scene + 'static>(
         events_chan: Receiver<WindowEvent>,
         ring: &'static CommandRing,
+        profile: bool,
     ) {
         use crate::renderer::Renderer;
 
         let canvas = wait_for_canvas_transfer().await;
 
-        let renderer = Rc::new(RefCell::new(Renderer::<T>::new(canvas, events_chan).await));
+        let renderer = Rc::new(RefCell::new(
+            Renderer::<T>::new(canvas, events_chan, profile).await,
+        ));
         renderer.borrow_mut().command_ring = Some(ring);
         Renderer::run_render_loop(renderer);
     }

renderer/src/render_data/mod.rs

@@ -40,6 +40,24 @@ impl PipelineKey {
     }
 }
 
+/// Stable CPU-side identity for a device-independent material.
+#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Default, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
+pub struct MaterialKey(u32);
+
+impl MaterialKey {
+    /// The glTF/default material.
+    pub const DEFAULT: Self = Self(0);
+
+    pub const fn new(value: u32) -> Self {
+        Self(value)
+    }
+
+    pub const fn get(self) -> u32 {
+        self.0
+    }
+}
+
 #[repr(transparent)]
 #[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Default, PartialEq, Eq)]
 pub struct RenderFlags(u32);
@@ -101,9 +119,11 @@ pub struct GeometryRange {
 pub struct MeshCreateInfo<'a> {
     pub positions: &'a [[f32; 3]],
     pub normals: &'a [[f32; 3]],
+    pub tangents: &'a [[f32; 4]],
     pub uvs: &'a [[f32; 2]],
     pub indices: &'a [u32],
     pub pipeline: PipelineKey,
+    pub material: MaterialKey,
     pub flags: RenderFlags,
     pub default_instance_flags: RenderFlags,
     pub default_transform: ModelTransform,
@@ -120,6 +140,7 @@ pub struct MeshView {
     pub handle: MeshHandle,
     pub geometry: GeometryRange,
     pub pipeline: PipelineKey,
+    pub material: MaterialKey,
     pub flags: RenderFlags,
     pub aabb: Aabb,
     pub default_instance: InstanceHandle,
@@ -178,6 +199,7 @@ pub fn affine_world_aabb(local: Aabb, model: ModelTransform) -> Result<Aabb, Ren
 pub struct VertexStreams<'a> {
     pub positions: &'a [[f32; 3]],
     pub normals: &'a [[f32; 3]],
+    pub tangents: &'a [[f32; 4]],
     pub uvs: &'a [[f32; 2]],
 }
 
@@ -267,6 +289,7 @@ pub enum RenderDataError {
 struct VertexSoa {
     positions: Vec<[f32; 3]>,
     normals: Vec<[f32; 3]>,
+    tangents: Vec<[f32; 4]>,
     uvs: Vec<[f32; 2]>,
     logical_capacity: u32,
     max_capacity: Option<u32>,
@@ -287,6 +310,7 @@ struct MeshSoa {
     index_starts: Vec<u32>,
     index_counts: Vec<u32>,
     pipeline_keys: Vec<PipelineKey>,
+    material_keys: Vec<MaterialKey>,
     flags: Vec<RenderFlags>,
     aabb_mins: Vec<[f32; 3]>,
     aabb_maxs: Vec<[f32; 3]>,
@@ -416,6 +440,7 @@ impl RenderData {
             vertices: VertexSoa {
                 positions: Vec::new(),
                 normals: Vec::new(),
+                tangents: Vec::new(),
                 uvs: Vec::new(),
                 logical_capacity: 0,
                 max_capacity: config.max_vertices,
@@ -553,6 +578,8 @@ impl RenderData {
             .copy_from_slice(info.positions);
         self.vertices.normals[as_usize(vertex_range.start)..as_usize(vertex_range.end)]
             .copy_from_slice(info.normals);
+        self.vertices.tangents[as_usize(vertex_range.start)..as_usize(vertex_range.end)]
+            .copy_from_slice(info.tangents);
         self.vertices.uvs[as_usize(vertex_range.start)..as_usize(vertex_range.end)]
             .copy_from_slice(info.uvs);
         self.indices.values[as_usize(index_range.start)..as_usize(index_range.end)]
@@ -567,6 +594,7 @@ impl RenderData {
                 index_count,
             },
             info.pipeline,
+            info.material,
             info.flags,
             bounds,
             default_instance,
@@ -766,6 +794,7 @@ impl RenderData {
         VertexStreams {
             positions: &self.vertices.positions,
             normals: &self.vertices.normals,
+            tangents: &self.vertices.tangents,
             uvs: &self.vertices.uvs,
         }
     }
@@ -783,6 +812,7 @@ impl RenderData {
         self.instances.slots.clear();
         self.vertices.positions.clear();
         self.vertices.normals.clear();
+        self.vertices.tangents.clear();
         self.vertices.uvs.clear();
         self.indices.values.clear();
         self.vertices.allocator.clear();
@@ -800,6 +830,7 @@ impl RenderData {
         )?;
         reserve_vec(&mut self.vertices.positions, target, "vertices")?;
         reserve_vec(&mut self.vertices.normals, target, "vertices")?;
+        reserve_vec(&mut self.vertices.tangents, target, "vertices")?;
         reserve_vec(&mut self.vertices.uvs, target, "vertices")?;
         self.vertices.logical_capacity = target;
         Ok(())
@@ -821,6 +852,9 @@ impl RenderData {
         let vertices = as_usize(self.vertices.allocator.high_water());
         self.vertices.positions.resize(vertices, [0.0; 3]);
         self.vertices.normals.resize(vertices, [0.0; 3]);
+        self.vertices
+            .tangents
+            .resize(vertices, [0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0]);
         self.vertices.uvs.resize(vertices, [0.0; 2]);
         self.indices
             .values
@@ -834,6 +868,9 @@ impl RenderData {
         self.vertices
             .normals
             .truncate(as_usize(self.vertices.allocator.high_water()));
+        self.vertices
+            .tangents
+            .truncate(as_usize(self.vertices.allocator.high_water()));
         self.vertices
             .uvs
             .truncate(as_usize(self.vertices.allocator.high_water()));
@@ -852,6 +889,7 @@ impl MeshSoa {
             index_starts: Vec::new(),
             index_counts: Vec::new(),
             pipeline_keys: Vec::new(),
+            material_keys: Vec::new(),
             flags: Vec::new(),
             aabb_mins: Vec::new(),
             aabb_maxs: Vec::new(),
@@ -871,6 +909,7 @@ impl MeshSoa {
         reserve_vec(&mut self.index_starts, target, "meshes")?;
         reserve_vec(&mut self.index_counts, target, "meshes")?;
         reserve_vec(&mut self.pipeline_keys, target, "meshes")?;
+        reserve_vec(&mut self.material_keys, target, "meshes")?;
         reserve_vec(&mut self.flags, target, "meshes")?;
         reserve_vec(&mut self.aabb_mins, target, "meshes")?;
         reserve_vec(&mut self.aabb_maxs, target, "meshes")?;
@@ -885,6 +924,7 @@ impl MeshSoa {
         prepared: PreparedSlot,
         geometry: GeometryRange,
         pipeline: PipelineKey,
+        material: MaterialKey,
         flags: RenderFlags,
         bounds: Aabb,
         default: InstanceHandle,
@@ -895,6 +935,7 @@ impl MeshSoa {
         resize_column(&mut self.index_starts, len, 0);
         resize_column(&mut self.index_counts, len, 0);
         resize_column(&mut self.pipeline_keys, len, PipelineKey::new(0));
+        resize_column(&mut self.material_keys, len, MaterialKey::DEFAULT);
         resize_column(&mut self.flags, len, RenderFlags::NONE);
         resize_column(&mut self.aabb_mins, len, [0.0; 3]);
         resize_column(&mut self.aabb_maxs, len, [0.0; 3]);
@@ -906,6 +947,7 @@ impl MeshSoa {
         self.index_starts[index] = geometry.index_start;
         self.index_counts[index] = geometry.index_count;
         self.pipeline_keys[index] = pipeline;
+        self.material_keys[index] = material;
         self.flags[index] = flags;
         self.aabb_mins[index] = bounds.min;
         self.aabb_maxs[index] = bounds.max;
@@ -925,6 +967,7 @@ impl MeshSoa {
                 index_count: self.index_counts[index],
             },
             pipeline: self.pipeline_keys[index],
+            material: self.material_keys[index],
             flags: self.flags[index],
             aabb: Aabb {
                 min: self.aabb_mins[index],
@@ -1054,7 +1097,10 @@ fn validate_geometry(info: &MeshCreateInfo<'_>) -> Result<u32, RenderDataError>
     if info.positions.is_empty() {
         return Err(RenderDataError::EmptyVertices);
     }
-    if info.positions.len() != info.normals.len() || info.positions.len() != info.uvs.len() {
+    if info.positions.len() != info.normals.len()
+        || info.positions.len() != info.tangents.len()
+        || info.positions.len() != info.uvs.len()
+    {
         return Err(RenderDataError::MismatchedVertexStreams);
     }
     let vertex_count =
@@ -1068,6 +1114,7 @@ fn validate_geometry(info: &MeshCreateInfo<'_>) -> Result<u32, RenderDataError>
         .iter()
         .flatten()
         .chain(info.normals.iter().flatten())
+        .chain(info.tangents.iter().flatten())
         .chain(info.uvs.iter().flatten())
         .any(|value| !value.is_finite())
     {

renderer/src/render_data/tests.rs

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ use crate::render_data::handle::SlotState;
 
 const POSITIONS: [[f32; 3]; 3] = [[-1.0, 2.0, 3.0], [4.0, -2.0, 1.0], [0.0, 1.0, -3.0]];
 const NORMALS: [[f32; 3]; 3] = [[0.0, 1.0, 0.0]; 3];
+const TANGENTS: [[f32; 4]; 3] = [[1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0]; 3];
 const UVS: [[f32; 2]; 3] = [[0.0, 0.0], [1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 1.0]];
 const INDICES: [u32; 3] = [0, 1, 2];
 
@@ -10,9 +11,11 @@ fn info() -> MeshCreateInfo<'static> {
     MeshCreateInfo {
         positions: &POSITIONS,
         normals: &NORMALS,
+        tangents: &TANGENTS,
         uvs: &UVS,
         indices: &INDICES,
         pipeline: PipelineKey::new(7),
+        material: MaterialKey::new(11),
         flags: RenderFlags::from_bits_retain(2),
         default_instance_flags: RenderFlags::VISIBLE,
         default_transform: IDENTITY_MODEL_TRANSFORM,
@@ -83,6 +86,10 @@ fn default_instance_is_protected_and_flags_are_separate() {
     let created = data.create_mesh(info()).unwrap();
     assert!(data.instance(created.default_instance).unwrap().is_default);
     assert_eq!(data.mesh(created.mesh).unwrap().flags.bits(), 2);
+    assert_eq!(
+        data.mesh(created.mesh).unwrap().material,
+        MaterialKey::new(11)
+    );
     assert_eq!(
         data.instance(created.default_instance).unwrap().flags,
         RenderFlags::VISIBLE
@@ -239,6 +246,7 @@ fn streams_remain_coordinated_across_interior_delete_tail_delete_and_reuse() {
     data.destroy_mesh(second.mesh).unwrap();
     assert_eq!(data.streams().positions.len(), 3);
     assert_eq!(data.streams().normals.len(), 3);
+    assert_eq!(data.streams().tangents.len(), 3);
     assert_eq!(data.streams().uvs.len(), 3);
     assert_eq!(data.indices().len(), 3);
 }
@@ -288,6 +296,7 @@ fn aabb_supports_one_point_and_multiple_points() {
     let mut one = info();
     one.positions = &point;
     one.normals = &normal;
+    one.tangents = &[[1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0]];
     one.uvs = &uv;
     one.indices = &index;
     let mut data = data();
@@ -325,6 +334,13 @@ fn malformed_geometry_matrix_is_rejected_without_consumption() {
         data.create_mesh(candidate).unwrap_err(),
         RenderDataError::MismatchedVertexStreams
     );
+    let short_tangents = &TANGENTS[..2];
+    let mut candidate = info();
+    candidate.tangents = short_tangents;
+    assert_eq!(
+        data.create_mesh(candidate).unwrap_err(),
+        RenderDataError::MismatchedVertexStreams
+    );
     let short_uvs = &UVS[..2];
     let mut candidate = info();
     candidate.uvs = short_uvs;
@@ -339,19 +355,22 @@ fn malformed_geometry_matrix_is_rejected_without_consumption() {
         RenderDataError::EmptyIndices
     );
 
-    for stream in 0..3 {
+    for stream in 0..4 {
         for bad in [f32::NAN, f32::INFINITY] {
             let mut positions = POSITIONS;
             let mut normals = NORMALS;
+            let mut tangents = TANGENTS;
             let mut uvs = UVS;
             match stream {
                 0 => positions[0][0] = bad,
                 1 => normals[0][0] = bad,
+                2 => tangents[0][0] = bad,
                 _ => uvs[0][0] = bad,
             }
             let mut candidate = info();
             candidate.positions = &positions;
             candidate.normals = &normals;
+            candidate.tangents = &tangents;
             candidate.uvs = &uvs;
             assert_eq!(
                 data.create_mesh(candidate).unwrap_err(),

renderer/src/render_graph/contracts_v2.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,417 @@
+use super::MeshFlagV2;
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, serde::Serialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "snake_case")]
+pub enum SemanticTypeV2 {
+    SurfaceTarget,
+    TextureSpec,
+    Texture,
+    SceneTable,
+    LocalAabbBuffer,
+    CameraFrustum,
+    BooleanFlagBuffer,
+    DrawStream,
+    DepthStencilConfig,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, serde::Serialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "snake_case")]
+pub enum ExecutionClassV2 {
+    Source,
+    CpuPreparation,
+    Compute,
+    Render,
+    Present,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, serde::Serialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "snake_case")]
+pub enum InputCardinalityV2 {
+    RequiredOne,
+    OptionalOne,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, serde::Serialize)]
+#[serde(tag = "kind", content = "types", rename_all = "snake_case")]
+pub enum TypeConstraintV2 {
+    Exact(SemanticTypeV2),
+    OneOf(&'static [SemanticTypeV2]),
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, serde::Serialize)]
+#[serde(tag = "kind", rename_all = "snake_case")]
+pub enum InputRoleV2 {
+    SemanticRead,
+    UniformRead,
+    StorageRead,
+    IndirectRead,
+    SampledTexture,
+    ColorTarget { location: u32 },
+    DepthTarget,
+    Present,
+    Configuration,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, serde::Serialize)]
+#[serde(tag = "kind", rename_all = "snake_case")]
+pub enum OutputMetadataV2 {
+    None,
+    BooleanFlag { flag: MeshFlagV2 },
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, serde::Serialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct InputSocketContractV2 {
+    pub name: &'static str,
+    pub accepted: TypeConstraintV2,
+    pub cardinality: InputCardinalityV2,
+    pub role: InputRoleV2,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, serde::Serialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct OutputSocketContractV2 {
+    pub name: &'static str,
+    pub semantic_type: SemanticTypeV2,
+    pub metadata: OutputMetadataV2,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, serde::Serialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct ContractV2 {
+    pub key: &'static str,
+    pub version: u32,
+    pub execution: ExecutionClassV2,
+    pub inputs: &'static [InputSocketContractV2],
+    pub outputs: &'static [OutputSocketContractV2],
+    pub inherently_observable: bool,
+}
+
+use SemanticTypeV2::*;
+
+const fn input(
+    name: &'static str,
+    accepted: TypeConstraintV2,
+    cardinality: InputCardinalityV2,
+    role: InputRoleV2,
+) -> InputSocketContractV2 {
+    InputSocketContractV2 {
+        name,
+        accepted,
+        cardinality,
+        role,
+    }
+}
+
+const fn output(
+    name: &'static str,
+    semantic_type: SemanticTypeV2,
+    metadata: OutputMetadataV2,
+) -> OutputSocketContractV2 {
+    OutputSocketContractV2 {
+        name,
+        semantic_type,
+        metadata,
+    }
+}
+
+const REQUIRED: InputCardinalityV2 = InputCardinalityV2::RequiredOne;
+const OPTIONAL: InputCardinalityV2 = InputCardinalityV2::OptionalOne;
+const NONE_IN: &[InputSocketContractV2] = &[];
+const NONE_OUT: &[OutputSocketContractV2] = &[];
+const SURFACE_OUT: &[OutputSocketContractV2] =
+    &[output("surface", SurfaceTarget, OutputMetadataV2::None)];
+const SPEC_OUT: &[OutputSocketContractV2] = &[output("spec", TextureSpec, OutputMetadataV2::None)];
+const SCENE_OUT: &[OutputSocketContractV2] = &[output("scene", SceneTable, OutputMetadataV2::None)];
+const AABB_OUT: &[OutputSocketContractV2] = &[output(
+    "localAabbs",
+    LocalAabbBuffer,
+    OutputMetadataV2::None,
+)];
+const FRUSTUM_OUT: &[OutputSocketContractV2] =
+    &[output("frustum", CameraFrustum, OutputMetadataV2::None)];
+const VISIBLE_OUT: &[OutputSocketContractV2] = &[output(
+    "flags",
+    BooleanFlagBuffer,
+    OutputMetadataV2::BooleanFlag {
+        flag: MeshFlagV2::IsVisible,
+    },
+)];
+const CULLED_OUT: &[OutputSocketContractV2] = &[output(
+    "flags",
+    BooleanFlagBuffer,
+    OutputMetadataV2::BooleanFlag {
+        flag: MeshFlagV2::IsFrustumCulled,
+    },
+)];
+const DRAW_OUT: &[OutputSocketContractV2] = &[output("draws", DrawStream, OutputMetadataV2::None)];
+const CONFIG_OUT: &[OutputSocketContractV2] =
+    &[output("config", DepthStencilConfig, OutputMetadataV2::None)];
+const FORWARD_OUT: &[OutputSocketContractV2] = &[
+    output("color", Texture, OutputMetadataV2::None),
+    output("depth", Texture, OutputMetadataV2::None),
+];
+const FULLSCREEN_COPY_OUT: &[OutputSocketContractV2] =
+    &[output("color", Texture, OutputMetadataV2::None)];
+const LOCAL_IN: &[InputSocketContractV2] = &[input(
+    "scene",
+    TypeConstraintV2::Exact(SceneTable),
+    REQUIRED,
+    InputRoleV2::SemanticRead,
+)];
+const VISIBILITY_IN: &[InputSocketContractV2] = LOCAL_IN;
+const CULL_IN: &[InputSocketContractV2] = &[
+    input(
+        "scene",
+        TypeConstraintV2::Exact(SceneTable),
+        REQUIRED,
+        InputRoleV2::StorageRead,
+    ),
+    input(
+        "localAabbs",
+        TypeConstraintV2::Exact(LocalAabbBuffer),
+        REQUIRED,
+        InputRoleV2::StorageRead,
+    ),
+    input(
+        "frustum",
+        TypeConstraintV2::Exact(CameraFrustum),
+        REQUIRED,
+        InputRoleV2::UniformRead,
+    ),
+];
+const QUERY_IN: &[InputSocketContractV2] = &[
+    input(
+        "scene",
+        TypeConstraintV2::Exact(SceneTable),
+        REQUIRED,
+        InputRoleV2::StorageRead,
+    ),
+    input(
+        "isVisible",
+        TypeConstraintV2::Exact(BooleanFlagBuffer),
+        OPTIONAL,
+        InputRoleV2::StorageRead,
+    ),
+    input(
+        "isFrustumCulled",
+        TypeConstraintV2::Exact(BooleanFlagBuffer),
+        OPTIONAL,
+        InputRoleV2::StorageRead,
+    ),
+];
+const FORWARD_IN: &[InputSocketContractV2] = &[
+    input(
+        "scene",
+        TypeConstraintV2::Exact(SceneTable),
+        REQUIRED,
+        InputRoleV2::SemanticRead,
+    ),
+    input(
+        "draws",
+        TypeConstraintV2::Exact(DrawStream),
+        REQUIRED,
+        InputRoleV2::IndirectRead,
+    ),
+    input(
+        "colorTarget",
+        TypeConstraintV2::OneOf(&[SurfaceTarget, TextureSpec, Texture]),
+        REQUIRED,
+        InputRoleV2::ColorTarget { location: 0 },
+    ),
+    input(
+        "depthTarget",
+        TypeConstraintV2::OneOf(&[TextureSpec, Texture]),
+        REQUIRED,
+        InputRoleV2::DepthTarget,
+    ),
+    input(
+        "depthStencil",
+        TypeConstraintV2::Exact(DepthStencilConfig),
+        REQUIRED,
+        InputRoleV2::Configuration,
+    ),
+];
+const FULLSCREEN_COPY_IN: &[InputSocketContractV2] = &[
+    input(
+        "source",
+        TypeConstraintV2::Exact(Texture),
+        REQUIRED,
+        InputRoleV2::SampledTexture,
+    ),
+    input(
+        "colorTarget",
+        TypeConstraintV2::OneOf(&[SurfaceTarget, TextureSpec, Texture]),
+        REQUIRED,
+        InputRoleV2::ColorTarget { location: 0 },
+    ),
+];
+const BLOOM_COMPOSITE_IN: &[InputSocketContractV2] = &[
+    input(
+        "source",
+        TypeConstraintV2::Exact(Texture),
+        REQUIRED,
+        InputRoleV2::SampledTexture,
+    ),
+    input(
+        "bloom",
+        TypeConstraintV2::Exact(Texture),
+        REQUIRED,
+        InputRoleV2::SampledTexture,
+    ),
+    input(
+        "colorTarget",
+        TypeConstraintV2::OneOf(&[SurfaceTarget, TextureSpec, Texture]),
+        REQUIRED,
+        InputRoleV2::ColorTarget { location: 0 },
+    ),
+];
+const PRESENT_IN: &[InputSocketContractV2] = &[input(
+    "surface",
+    TypeConstraintV2::Exact(Texture),
+    REQUIRED,
+    InputRoleV2::Present,
+)];
+
+pub static CONTRACTS_V2: &[ContractV2] = &[
+    ContractV2 {
+        key: "surface_target",
+        version: 1,
+        execution: ExecutionClassV2::Source,
+        inputs: NONE_IN,
+        outputs: SURFACE_OUT,
+        inherently_observable: false,
+    },
+    ContractV2 {
+        key: "texture_spec",
+        version: 1,
+        execution: ExecutionClassV2::Source,
+        inputs: NONE_IN,
+        outputs: SPEC_OUT,
+        inherently_observable: false,
+    },
+    ContractV2 {
+        key: "scene_table",
+        version: 1,
+        execution: ExecutionClassV2::Source,
+        inputs: NONE_IN,
+        outputs: SCENE_OUT,
+        inherently_observable: false,
+    },
+    ContractV2 {
+        key: "local_aabb_buffer",
+        version: 1,
+        execution: ExecutionClassV2::Source,
+        inputs: LOCAL_IN,
+        outputs: AABB_OUT,
+        inherently_observable: false,
+    },
+    ContractV2 {
+        key: "camera_frustum",
+        version: 1,
+        execution: ExecutionClassV2::Source,
+        inputs: NONE_IN,
+        outputs: FRUSTUM_OUT,
+        inherently_observable: false,
+    },
+    ContractV2 {
+        key: "visibility_flags",
+        version: 1,
+        execution: ExecutionClassV2::Source,
+        inputs: VISIBILITY_IN,
+        outputs: VISIBLE_OUT,
+        inherently_observable: false,
+    },
+    ContractV2 {
+        key: "frustum_cull",
+        version: 1,
+        execution: ExecutionClassV2::Compute,
+        inputs: CULL_IN,
+        outputs: CULLED_OUT,
+        inherently_observable: false,
+    },
+    ContractV2 {
+        key: "mesh_query",
+        version: 1,
+        execution: ExecutionClassV2::Compute,
+        inputs: QUERY_IN,
+        outputs: DRAW_OUT,
+        inherently_observable: false,
+    },
+    ContractV2 {
+        key: "depth_stencil_config",
+        version: 1,
+        execution: ExecutionClassV2::Source,
+        inputs: NONE_IN,
+        outputs: CONFIG_OUT,
+        inherently_observable: false,
+    },
+    ContractV2 {
+        key: "legacy_forward",
+        version: 1,
+        execution: ExecutionClassV2::Render,
+        inputs: FORWARD_IN,
+        outputs: FORWARD_OUT,
+        inherently_observable: false,
+    },
+    ContractV2 {
+        key: "fullscreen_copy",
+        version: 1,
+        execution: ExecutionClassV2::Render,
+        inputs: FULLSCREEN_COPY_IN,
+        outputs: FULLSCREEN_COPY_OUT,
+        inherently_observable: false,
+    },
+    ContractV2 {
+        key: "tone_map",
+        version: 1,
+        execution: ExecutionClassV2::Render,
+        inputs: FULLSCREEN_COPY_IN,
+        outputs: FULLSCREEN_COPY_OUT,
+        inherently_observable: false,
+    },
+    ContractV2 {
+        key: "bloom_extract",
+        version: 1,
+        execution: ExecutionClassV2::Render,
+        inputs: FULLSCREEN_COPY_IN,
+        outputs: FULLSCREEN_COPY_OUT,
+        inherently_observable: false,
+    },
+    ContractV2 {
+        key: "bloom_blur",
+        version: 1,
+        execution: ExecutionClassV2::Render,
+        inputs: FULLSCREEN_COPY_IN,
+        outputs: FULLSCREEN_COPY_OUT,
+        inherently_observable: false,
+    },
+    ContractV2 {
+        key: "bloom_composite",
+        version: 1,
+        execution: ExecutionClassV2::Render,
+        inputs: BLOOM_COMPOSITE_IN,
+        outputs: FULLSCREEN_COPY_OUT,
+        inherently_observable: false,
+    },
+    ContractV2 {
+        key: "luminance_edge",
+        version: 1,
+        execution: ExecutionClassV2::Render,
+        inputs: FULLSCREEN_COPY_IN,
+        outputs: FULLSCREEN_COPY_OUT,
+        inherently_observable: false,
+    },
+    ContractV2 {
+        key: "present",
+        version: 1,
+        execution: ExecutionClassV2::Present,
+        inputs: PRESENT_IN,
+        outputs: NONE_OUT,
+        inherently_observable: true,
+    },
+];
+
+pub fn contract(key: &str) -> Option<&'static ContractV2> {
+    CONTRACTS_V2.iter().find(|contract| contract.key == key)
+}

renderer/src/render_graph/mod.rs

@@ -1,9 +1,14 @@
 //! Device-free V1 render graph compiler and compiled graph registry.
 
 mod compiler;
+mod compiler_v2;
+mod contracts_v2;
+mod plan_v2;
 mod registry;
 mod runtime;
+mod runtime_v2;
 mod schema;
+mod schema_v2;
 
 pub use compiler::{
     compile, compile_with, parse_and_compile, AllocationClass, CompiledGraph, CompiledOutput,
@@ -11,12 +16,38 @@ pub use compiler::{
     ExecutorRegistry, ExecutorResolution, Lifetime, NormalizedParameters, SceneForwardExecutors,
     TextureAllocationKey, TextureUsage, TransientAllocation,
 };
-pub use registry::{CompiledGraphId, Registry};
+pub use compiler_v2::{compile_v2, mesh_predicate_matches, parse_and_compile_v2};
+pub use contracts_v2::*;
+pub use plan_v2::*;
+pub use registry::{CompiledGraphId, RegisteredGraph, Registry};
 pub use runtime::{
     class_offsets, resolve_extent, runtime_texture_key, validate_activatable, ResolvedExtent,
     RuntimeTextureKey,
 };
+pub use runtime_v2::*;
 pub use schema::*;
+pub use schema_v2::*;
+
+pub fn parse_and_compile_any(bytes: &[u8]) -> Result<RegisteredGraph, GraphError> {
+    if bytes.len() > MAX_JSON_BYTES {
+        return Err(GraphError::new(
+            "GRAPH_PAYLOAD_TOO_LARGE",
+            "graph payload exceeds 1 MiB",
+        ));
+    }
+    let text = std::str::from_utf8(bytes)
+        .map_err(|_| GraphError::new("GRAPH_ENCODING_INVALID", "graph payload is not UTF-8"))?;
+    let value: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(text)
+        .map_err(|e| GraphError::new("GRAPH_JSON_INVALID", e.to_string()))?;
+    match value.get("schemaVersion").and_then(|v| v.as_u64()) {
+        Some(1) => parse_and_compile(bytes).map(RegisteredGraph::V1),
+        Some(2) => parse_and_compile_v2(bytes).map(RegisteredGraph::V2),
+        _ => Err(GraphError::new(
+            "GRAPH_SCHEMA_UNSUPPORTED",
+            "schemaVersion must be exactly 1 or 2",
+        )),
+    }
+}
 
 pub const MAX_JSON_BYTES: usize = 1024 * 1024;
 pub const MAX_RESOURCES: usize = 1024;
@@ -56,3 +87,5 @@ impl GraphError {
 
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests;
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests_v2;

renderer/src/render_graph/plan_v2.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,381 @@
+use serde::Serialize;
+
+use super::*;
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Serialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct CompiledGraphV2 {
+    pub schema_version: u32,
+    pub graph_id: String,
+    pub revision: u32,
+    pub node_count: u32,
+    pub resources: Vec<CompiledResourceV2>,
+    pub executions: Vec<CompiledExecutionV2>,
+    pub texture_families: Vec<TextureFamilyV2>,
+    pub allocation_classes: Vec<AllocationClassV2>,
+    pub culled_node_count: u32,
+    pub culled_resource_count: u32,
+    pub transient_slot_count: u32,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Serialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct CompiledResourceV2 {
+    pub original_node_index: u32,
+    pub output_ordinal: u16,
+    pub origin: NodeOutputRef,
+    pub semantic_type: SemanticTypeV2,
+    pub producer_execution: Option<u32>,
+    pub lifetime: Option<LifetimeV2>,
+    pub plan: ResourcePlanV2,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Serialize)]
+#[serde(tag = "kind", rename_all = "snake_case")]
+pub enum ResourcePlanV2 {
+    SurfaceTarget {
+        family: u32,
+    },
+    TextureSpec {
+        family: u32,
+        residency: TextureResidencyV2,
+        descriptor: NormalizedTextureDescriptorV2,
+    },
+    Texture {
+        family: u32,
+        version: u32,
+        target: u32,
+        initialized: bool,
+        stored: bool,
+        allocation: Option<AllocationRefV2>,
+    },
+    SceneTable,
+    LocalAabbBuffer {
+        scene: u32,
+    },
+    CameraFrustum,
+    BooleanFlagBuffer {
+        scene: u32,
+        flag: MeshFlagV2,
+    },
+    DrawStream {
+        scene: u32,
+    },
+    DepthStencilConfig {
+        config: NormalizedDepthStencilV2,
+    },
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Serialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct CompiledExecutionV2 {
+    pub id: String,
+    pub original_node_index: u32,
+    pub executor: ExecutorRefV2,
+    pub parameters: NormalizedParametersV2,
+    pub kind: ExecutionKindV2,
+    pub inputs: Vec<CompiledSocketInputV2>,
+    pub outputs: Vec<CompiledSocketOutputV2>,
+    pub accesses: Vec<CompiledAccessV2>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Serialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct CompiledSocketInputV2 {
+    pub socket: String,
+    pub resource: u32,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Serialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct CompiledSocketOutputV2 {
+    pub socket: String,
+    pub resource: u32,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Serialize)]
+#[serde(tag = "kind", rename_all = "snake_case")]
+pub enum ExecutionKindV2 {
+    CpuPreparation,
+    Compute {
+        work: ComputeWorkV2,
+    },
+    Render {
+        color_attachments: Vec<ColorAttachmentPlanV2>,
+        depth_stencil: Option<DepthStencilAttachmentPlanV2>,
+    },
+    Present {
+        surface: u32,
+    },
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "snake_case")]
+pub enum ComputeWorkV2 {
+    FrustumCull,
+    MeshQuery,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Serialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct ColorAttachmentPlanV2 {
+    pub resource: u32,
+    pub location: u32,
+    pub load: NormalizedColorLoadV2,
+    pub store: StoreOpV2,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Serialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct DepthStencilAttachmentPlanV2 {
+    pub resource: u32,
+    pub load: NormalizedDepthLoadV2,
+    pub store: StoreOpV2,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Serialize)]
+#[serde(tag = "kind", rename_all = "snake_case")]
+pub enum NormalizedColorLoadV2 {
+    Load,
+    Clear { value: [f64; 4] },
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Serialize)]
+#[serde(tag = "kind", rename_all = "snake_case")]
+pub enum NormalizedDepthLoadV2 {
+    Load,
+    Clear { value: f32 },
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "snake_case")]
+pub enum StoreOpV2 {
+    Store,
+    Discard,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Serialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct CompiledAccessV2 {
+    pub socket: String,
+    pub resource: u32,
+    pub mode: AccessModeV2,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Serialize)]
+#[serde(tag = "kind", rename_all = "snake_case")]
+pub enum AccessModeV2 {
+    SemanticRead,
+    UniformRead,
+    StorageRead,
+    StorageWrite {
+        full_overwrite: bool,
+    },
+    IndirectRead,
+    SampledTexture,
+    ColorAttachment {
+        location: u32,
+        load: NormalizedColorLoadV2,
+        store: StoreOpV2,
+        full_overwrite: bool,
+    },
+    DepthAttachment {
+        load: NormalizedDepthLoadV2,
+        store: StoreOpV2,
+        full_overwrite: bool,
+    },
+    Present,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Serialize)]
+#[serde(tag = "kind", rename_all = "snake_case")]
+pub enum NormalizedParametersV2 {
+    SurfaceTarget,
+    TextureSpec {
+        residency: TextureResidencyV2,
+        texture: NormalizedTextureDescriptorV2,
+    },
+    SceneTable,
+    LocalAabbBuffer,
+    CameraFrustum,
+    VisibilityFlags,
+    FrustumCull,
+    MeshQuery {
+        filters: [NormalizedMeshFilterV2; 2],
+    },
+    DepthStencilConfig {
+        config: NormalizedDepthStencilV2,
+    },
+    LegacyForward {
+        clear_color: [f64; 4],
+    },
+    FullscreenCopy,
+    ToneMap {
+        exposure: f32,
+    },
+    BloomExtract {
+        threshold: f32,
+        knee: f32,
+    },
+    BloomBlur {
+        direction: [f32; 2],
+        radius: f32,
+    },
+    BloomComposite {
+        intensity: f32,
+    },
+    LuminanceEdge {
+        strength: f32,
+    },
+    Present,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord, Serialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct NormalizedMeshFilterV2 {
+    pub flag: MeshFlagV2,
+    pub predicate: TriStatePredicate,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Serialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct NormalizedDepthStencilV2 {
+    pub depth_compare: CompareFunctionV2,
+    pub depth_write_enabled: bool,
+    pub clear_depth: f32,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, PartialOrd, Ord, Serialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct NormalizedTextureDescriptorV2 {
+    pub dimension: TextureDimensionV2,
+    pub format: TextureFormatV2,
+    pub extent: NormalizedTextureExtentV2,
+    pub mip_level_count: u32,
+    pub sample_count: u32,
+    pub view_formats: Vec<TextureFormatV2>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, PartialOrd, Ord, Serialize)]
+#[serde(tag = "kind", rename_all = "snake_case")]
+pub enum NormalizedTextureExtentV2 {
+    Absolute {
+        width: u32,
+        height: u32,
+        depth_or_array_layers: u32,
+    },
+    SurfaceRelative {
+        width: RatioV2,
+        height: RatioV2,
+        depth_or_array_layers: u32,
+    },
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct LifetimeV2 {
+    pub first_use: u32,
+    pub last_use: u32,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord, Serialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct TextureFamilyKeyV2 {
+    pub source_node: u32,
+    pub source_socket: u16,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Serialize)]
+#[serde(tag = "kind", rename_all = "snake_case")]
+pub enum TextureFamilySourceV2 {
+    ImportedSurface {
+        resource: u32,
+    },
+    AuthoredTexture {
+        resource: u32,
+        residency: TextureResidencyV2,
+        descriptor: NormalizedTextureDescriptorV2,
+    },
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Serialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct TextureFamilyV2 {
+    pub id: u32,
+    pub key: TextureFamilyKeyV2,
+    pub source: TextureFamilySourceV2,
+    pub lifetime: LifetimeV2,
+    pub versions: Vec<TextureVersionV2>,
+    pub usage: Vec<TextureUsageV2>,
+    pub allocation: Option<AllocationRefV2>,
+    pub aliasable: bool,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Serialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct TextureVersionV2 {
+    pub version: u32,
+    pub resource: u32,
+    pub target: u32,
+    pub initialized: bool,
+    pub stored: bool,
+    pub lifetime: LifetimeV2,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, PartialOrd, Ord, Serialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct TextureCompatibilityKeyV2 {
+    pub dimension: TextureDimensionV2,
+    pub format: TextureFormatV2,
+    pub extent: NormalizedTextureExtentV2,
+    pub mip_level_count: u32,
+    pub sample_count: u32,
+    pub view_formats: Vec<TextureFormatV2>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Serialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct AllocationClassV2 {
+    pub key: TextureCompatibilityKeyV2,
+    pub slots: Vec<AllocationSlotV2>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "snake_case")]
+pub enum AllocationKindV2 {
+    AliasedTransient,
+    DedicatedTransient,
+    Persistent,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Serialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct AllocationSlotV2 {
+    pub kind: AllocationKindV2,
+    pub usage: Vec<TextureUsageV2>,
+    pub occupants: Vec<u32>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, PartialOrd, Ord, Serialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct AllocationRefV2 {
+    pub class: u32,
+    pub slot: u32,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, PartialOrd, Ord, Serialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "snake_case")]
+pub enum TextureUsageV2 {
+    Sampled,
+    Storage,
+    CopySrc,
+    CopyDst,
+    ColorAttachment,
+    DepthAttachment,
+}
+
+impl CompiledGraphV2 {
+    pub fn summary(&self, id: [u32; 2]) -> serde_json::Value {
+        serde_json::json!({"compiledId":id,"graphId":self.graph_id,"revision":self.revision,"schemaVersion":self.schema_version,"nodeCount":self.node_count,"executionCount":self.executions.len(),"resourceCount":self.resources.len(),"culledNodeCount":self.culled_node_count,"culledResourceCount":self.culled_resource_count,"transientSlotCount":self.transient_slot_count})
+    }
+}

renderer/src/render_graph/registry.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,24 @@
-use super::{parse_and_compile, CompiledGraph, GraphError};
+use super::{parse_and_compile_any, CompiledGraph, CompiledGraphV2, GraphError};
+use std::collections::HashMap;
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub enum RegisteredGraph {
+    V1(CompiledGraph),
+    V2(CompiledGraphV2),
+}
+impl RegisteredGraph {
+    fn identity(&self) -> (&str, u32) {
+        match self {
+            Self::V1(g) => (g.graph_id.as_str(), g.revision),
+            Self::V2(g) => (g.graph_id.as_str(), g.revision),
+        }
+    }
+    fn summary(&self, id: [u32; 2]) -> serde_json::Value {
+        match self {
+            Self::V1(g) => g.summary(id),
+            Self::V2(g) => g.summary(id),
+        }
+    }
+}
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
 pub struct CompiledGraphId {
     pub slot: u32,
@@ -12,13 +32,14 @@ impl From<CompiledGraphId> for [u32; 2] {
 #[derive(Debug)]
 struct Slot {
     generation: u32,
-    value: Option<CompiledGraph>,
+    value: Option<RegisteredGraph>,
     retired: bool,
 }
 #[derive(Debug)]
 pub struct Registry {
     slots: Vec<Slot>,
     capacity: u32,
+    latest_revisions: HashMap<String, u32>,
 }
 impl Default for Registry {
     fn default() -> Self {
@@ -30,34 +51,25 @@ impl Registry {
         Self {
             slots: vec![],
             capacity,
+            latest_revisions: HashMap::new(),
         }
     }
     pub fn compile(
         &mut self,
         bytes: &[u8],
     ) -> Result<(CompiledGraphId, serde_json::Value), GraphError> {
-        let graph = parse_and_compile(bytes)?;
+        let graph = parse_and_compile_any(bytes)?;
-        if let Some((i, s)) = self.slots.iter_mut().enumerate().find(|(_, s)| {
+        let (graph_id, revision) = graph.identity();
-            s.value
+        if self
-                .as_ref()
+            .latest_revisions
-                .is_some_and(|g| g.graph_id == graph.graph_id)
+            .get(graph_id)
-        }) {
+            .is_some_and(|latest| revision <= *latest)
-            if graph.revision <= s.value.as_ref().unwrap().revision {
+        {
             return Err(GraphError::new(
                 "GRAPH_REVISION_CONFLICT",
                 "revision must increase",
             ));
         }
-            let id = CompiledGraphId {
-                slot: u32::try_from(i).map_err(|_| {
-                    GraphError::new("GRAPH_LIMIT_EXCEEDED", "registry slot overflow")
-                })?,
-                generation: s.generation,
-            };
-            let summary = graph.summary(id.into());
-            s.value = Some(graph);
-            return Ok((id, summary));
-        }
         let i = if let Some(i) = self
             .slots
             .iter()
@@ -84,10 +96,26 @@ impl Registry {
             generation: self.slots[i].generation,
         };
         let summary = graph.summary(id.into());
+        self.latest_revisions.insert(graph_id.to_owned(), revision);
         self.slots[i].value = Some(graph);
         Ok((id, summary))
     }
     pub fn get(&self, id: CompiledGraphId) -> Result<&CompiledGraph, GraphError> {
+        match self
+            .slots
+            .get(id.slot as usize)
+            .filter(|s| s.generation == id.generation)
+            .and_then(|s| s.value.as_ref())
+            .ok_or_else(|| GraphError::new("STALE_GRAPH_ID", "stale compiled graph id"))?
+        {
+            RegisteredGraph::V1(g) => Ok(g),
+            RegisteredGraph::V2(_) => Err(GraphError::new(
+                "GRAPH_EXECUTION_UNSUPPORTED",
+                "schemaVersion 2 activation is unavailable until Phase 4",
+            )),
+        }
+    }
+    pub fn get_registered(&self, id: CompiledGraphId) -> Result<&RegisteredGraph, GraphError> {
         self.slots
             .get(id.slot as usize)
             .filter(|s| s.generation == id.generation)
@@ -95,7 +123,7 @@ impl Registry {
             .ok_or_else(|| GraphError::new("STALE_GRAPH_ID", "stale compiled graph id"))
     }
     pub fn contains(&self, id: CompiledGraphId) -> bool {
-        self.get(id).is_ok()
+        self.get_registered(id).is_ok()
     }
     pub fn drop_graph(&mut self, id: CompiledGraphId) -> Result<(), GraphError> {
         let s = self

renderer/src/render_graph/runtime_v2.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,605 @@
+use super::*;
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub struct ResolvedExtentV2 {
+    pub width: u32,
+    pub height: u32,
+    pub depth_or_array_layers: u32,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub struct RuntimeTextureDescriptorV2 {
+    pub dimension: wgpu::TextureDimension,
+    pub format: wgpu::TextureFormat,
+    pub extent: ResolvedExtentV2,
+    pub mip_level_count: u32,
+    pub sample_count: u32,
+    pub usage: wgpu::TextureUsages,
+    pub view_formats: Vec<wgpu::TextureFormat>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub struct RuntimeSurfaceContractV2 {
+    pub format: wgpu::TextureFormat,
+    pub width: u32,
+    pub height: u32,
+    pub usage: wgpu::TextureUsages,
+    pub view_formats: Vec<wgpu::TextureFormat>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub struct RuntimeAllocationSlotV2 {
+    pub kind: AllocationKindV2,
+    pub descriptor: RuntimeTextureDescriptorV2,
+    pub occupants: Vec<u32>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub struct RuntimeAllocationClassV2 {
+    pub key: TextureCompatibilityKeyV2,
+    pub slots: Vec<RuntimeAllocationSlotV2>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub struct MeshQueryRuntimeKeyV2 {
+    pub visible: TriStatePredicate,
+    pub frustum_culled: TriStatePredicate,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub struct RuntimeExecutionV2 {
+    pub execution: u32,
+    pub executor: String,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub struct RuntimeAllocationPlanV2 {
+    pub classes: Vec<RuntimeAllocationClassV2>,
+    pub resource_allocations: Vec<Option<AllocationRefV2>>,
+    pub surface_family: u32,
+    pub surface_resource: u32,
+    pub query: MeshQueryRuntimeKeyV2,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub struct RuntimePlanV2 {
+    pub allocations: RuntimeAllocationPlanV2,
+    pub executions: Vec<RuntimeExecutionV2>,
+    pub surface: RuntimeSurfaceContractV2,
+}
+
+fn error(code: &'static str, message: impl Into<String>, path: impl Into<String>) -> GraphError {
+    GraphError::at(code, message, path)
+}
+
+pub const fn texture_dimension_v2(value: TextureDimensionV2) -> wgpu::TextureDimension {
+    match value {
+        TextureDimensionV2::D1 => wgpu::TextureDimension::D1,
+        TextureDimensionV2::D2 => wgpu::TextureDimension::D2,
+        TextureDimensionV2::D3 => wgpu::TextureDimension::D3,
+    }
+}
+
+pub const fn texture_format_v2(value: TextureFormatV2) -> wgpu::TextureFormat {
+    match value {
+        TextureFormatV2::Rgba8Unorm => wgpu::TextureFormat::Rgba8Unorm,
+        TextureFormatV2::Rgba8UnormSrgb => wgpu::TextureFormat::Rgba8UnormSrgb,
+        TextureFormatV2::Bgra8Unorm => wgpu::TextureFormat::Bgra8Unorm,
+        TextureFormatV2::Bgra8UnormSrgb => wgpu::TextureFormat::Bgra8UnormSrgb,
+        TextureFormatV2::Rgba16Float => wgpu::TextureFormat::Rgba16Float,
+        TextureFormatV2::R32Float => wgpu::TextureFormat::R32Float,
+        TextureFormatV2::Depth32Float => wgpu::TextureFormat::Depth32Float,
+    }
+}
+
+pub const fn texture_usage_v2(value: TextureUsageV2) -> wgpu::TextureUsages {
+    match value {
+        TextureUsageV2::Sampled => wgpu::TextureUsages::TEXTURE_BINDING,
+        TextureUsageV2::Storage => wgpu::TextureUsages::STORAGE_BINDING,
+        TextureUsageV2::CopySrc => wgpu::TextureUsages::COPY_SRC,
+        TextureUsageV2::CopyDst => wgpu::TextureUsages::COPY_DST,
+        TextureUsageV2::ColorAttachment | TextureUsageV2::DepthAttachment => {
+            wgpu::TextureUsages::RENDER_ATTACHMENT
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn texture_usages_v2(values: &[TextureUsageV2]) -> wgpu::TextureUsages {
+    values
+        .iter()
+        .fold(wgpu::TextureUsages::empty(), |usage, value| {
+            usage | texture_usage_v2(*value)
+        })
+}
+
+fn scaled(value: u32, ratio: RatioV2, path: &str) -> Result<u32, GraphError> {
+    if ratio.denominator == 0 {
+        return Err(error(
+            "GRAPH_RESOURCE_LIMIT",
+            "zero extent denominator",
+            path,
+        ));
+    }
+    let product = u64::from(value)
+        .checked_mul(u64::from(ratio.numerator))
+        .ok_or_else(|| error("GRAPH_RESOURCE_LIMIT", "extent arithmetic overflow", path))?;
+    let result = product
+        .checked_add(u64::from(ratio.denominator) - 1)
+        .ok_or_else(|| error("GRAPH_RESOURCE_LIMIT", "extent arithmetic overflow", path))?
+        / u64::from(ratio.denominator);
+    u32::try_from(result.max(1))
+        .map_err(|_| error("GRAPH_RESOURCE_LIMIT", "extent exceeds u32", path))
+}
+
+pub fn resolve_extent_v2(
+    extent: &NormalizedTextureExtentV2,
+    surface: [u32; 2],
+) -> Result<ResolvedExtentV2, GraphError> {
+    let resolved = match extent {
+        NormalizedTextureExtentV2::Absolute {
+            width,
+            height,
+            depth_or_array_layers,
+        } => ResolvedExtentV2 {
+            width: *width,
+            height: *height,
+            depth_or_array_layers: *depth_or_array_layers,
+        },
+        NormalizedTextureExtentV2::SurfaceRelative {
+            width,
+            height,
+            depth_or_array_layers,
+        } => ResolvedExtentV2 {
+            width: scaled(surface[0], *width, "extent.width")?,
+            height: scaled(surface[1], *height, "extent.height")?,
+            depth_or_array_layers: *depth_or_array_layers,
+        },
+    };
+    if resolved.width == 0 || resolved.height == 0 || resolved.depth_or_array_layers == 0 {
+        return Err(error(
+            "GRAPH_RESOURCE_LIMIT",
+            "texture extent is zero",
+            "extent",
+        ));
+    }
+    Ok(resolved)
+}
+
+pub fn resolved_mip_level_count_v2(extent: ResolvedExtentV2) -> u32 {
+    32 - extent
+        .width
+        .max(extent.height)
+        .max(extent.depth_or_array_layers)
+        .leading_zeros()
+}
+
+fn validate_limits(
+    dimension: TextureDimensionV2,
+    extent: ResolvedExtentV2,
+    mip_count: u32,
+    limits: Option<&wgpu::Limits>,
+    path: &str,
+) -> Result<(), GraphError> {
+    let max_mips = resolved_mip_level_count_v2(extent);
+    if mip_count == 0 || mip_count > max_mips {
+        return Err(error(
+            "GRAPH_RESOURCE_LIMIT",
+            "invalid mip level count",
+            path,
+        ));
+    }
+    if let Some(l) = limits {
+        let valid = match dimension {
+            TextureDimensionV2::D1 => extent.width <= l.max_texture_dimension_1d,
+            TextureDimensionV2::D2 => {
+                extent.width <= l.max_texture_dimension_2d
+                    && extent.height <= l.max_texture_dimension_2d
+                    && extent.depth_or_array_layers <= l.max_texture_array_layers
+            }
+            TextureDimensionV2::D3 => {
+                extent.width <= l.max_texture_dimension_3d
+                    && extent.height <= l.max_texture_dimension_3d
+                    && extent.depth_or_array_layers <= l.max_texture_dimension_3d
+            }
+        };
+        if !valid {
+            return Err(error(
+                "GRAPH_RESOURCE_LIMIT",
+                "texture exceeds device limits",
+                path,
+            ));
+        }
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+pub fn runtime_texture_descriptor_v2(
+    key: &TextureCompatibilityKeyV2,
+    usage: &[TextureUsageV2],
+    surface: [u32; 2],
+    limits: Option<&wgpu::Limits>,
+) -> Result<RuntimeTextureDescriptorV2, GraphError> {
+    let extent = resolve_extent_v2(&key.extent, surface)?;
+    validate_limits(
+        key.dimension,
+        extent,
+        key.mip_level_count,
+        limits,
+        "allocationClasses.key",
+    )?;
+    Ok(RuntimeTextureDescriptorV2 {
+        dimension: texture_dimension_v2(key.dimension),
+        format: texture_format_v2(key.format),
+        extent,
+        mip_level_count: key.mip_level_count,
+        sample_count: key.sample_count,
+        usage: texture_usages_v2(usage),
+        view_formats: key
+            .view_formats
+            .iter()
+            .copied()
+            .map(texture_format_v2)
+            .collect(),
+    })
+}
+
+fn invalid(message: impl Into<String>, path: impl Into<String>) -> GraphError {
+    error("GRAPH_RUNTIME_PLAN_INVALID", message, path)
+}
+
+pub fn prepare_runtime_plan_v2(
+    graph: &CompiledGraphV2,
+    surface: RuntimeSurfaceContractV2,
+    limits: Option<&wgpu::Limits>,
+) -> Result<RuntimePlanV2, GraphError> {
+    if surface.width == 0 || surface.height == 0 {
+        return Err(error(
+            "GRAPH_SURFACE_INCOMPATIBLE",
+            "surface extent is zero",
+            "surface",
+        ));
+    }
+    if !surface
+        .usage
+        .contains(wgpu::TextureUsages::RENDER_ATTACHMENT)
+    {
+        return Err(error(
+            "GRAPH_SURFACE_INCOMPATIBLE",
+            "surface lacks render attachment usage",
+            "surface.usage",
+        ));
+    }
+
+    let mut present_count = 0;
+    let mut query = None;
+    let mut executions = Vec::with_capacity(graph.executions.len());
+    for (i, execution) in graph.executions.iter().enumerate() {
+        let path = format!("executions[{i}]");
+        match execution.executor.key.as_str() {
+            "mesh_query" => {
+                let NormalizedParametersV2::MeshQuery { filters } = &execution.parameters else {
+                    return Err(invalid("mesh query parameters mismatch", &path));
+                };
+                let key = MeshQueryRuntimeKeyV2 {
+                    visible: filters[0].predicate,
+                    frustum_culled: filters[1].predicate,
+                };
+                if query.replace(key).is_some() {
+                    return Err(error(
+                        "GRAPH_EXECUTION_UNSUPPORTED",
+                        "multiple draw stream queries",
+                        &path,
+                    ));
+                }
+            }
+            "legacy_forward" => {}
+            "fullscreen_copy" | "tone_map" | "bloom_extract" | "bloom_blur" | "bloom_composite"
+            | "luminance_edge" => {}
+            "frustum_cull" => {}
+            "present" => present_count += 1,
+            _ => {
+                return Err(error(
+                    "GRAPH_EXECUTION_UNSUPPORTED",
+                    "unsupported execution",
+                    &path,
+                ))
+            }
+        }
+        executions.push(RuntimeExecutionV2 {
+            execution: u32::try_from(i).map_err(|_| invalid("execution index overflow", &path))?,
+            executor: execution.executor.key.clone(),
+        });
+    }
+    if present_count != 1 {
+        return Err(error(
+            "GRAPH_EXECUTION_UNSUPPORTED",
+            "exactly one present is required",
+            "executions",
+        ));
+    }
+    let query = query.ok_or_else(|| {
+        error(
+            "GRAPH_EXECUTION_UNSUPPORTED",
+            "one mesh query is required",
+            "executions",
+        )
+    })?;
+
+    let mut surface_pair = None;
+    let mut resource_allocations = vec![None; graph.resources.len()];
+    for (fi, family) in graph.texture_families.iter().enumerate() {
+        if family.id as usize != fi {
+            return Err(invalid(
+                "texture family id does not match index",
+                format!("textureFamilies[{fi}].id"),
+            ));
+        }
+        match &family.source {
+            TextureFamilySourceV2::ImportedSurface { resource } => {
+                if family.allocation.is_some()
+                    || surface_pair.replace((family.id, *resource)).is_some()
+                {
+                    return Err(invalid(
+                        "invalid imported surface allocation",
+                        format!("textureFamilies[{fi}]"),
+                    ));
+                }
+            }
+            TextureFamilySourceV2::AuthoredTexture {
+                residency,
+                descriptor,
+                ..
+            } => {
+                if !matches!(
+                    residency,
+                    TextureResidencyV2::Transient | TextureResidencyV2::Persistent
+                ) || descriptor.dimension != TextureDimensionV2::D2
+                    || descriptor.mip_level_count != 1
+                    || descriptor.sample_count != 1
+                    || !matches!(
+                        descriptor.extent,
+                        NormalizedTextureExtentV2::Absolute {
+                            depth_or_array_layers: 1,
+                            ..
+                        } | NormalizedTextureExtentV2::SurfaceRelative {
+                            depth_or_array_layers: 1,
+                            ..
+                        }
+                    )
+                {
+                    return Err(error(
+                        "GRAPH_EXECUTION_UNSUPPORTED",
+                        "unsupported runtime texture descriptor",
+                        format!("textureFamilies[{fi}]"),
+                    ));
+                }
+                if family.allocation.is_none() {
+                    return Err(invalid(
+                        "authored family has no allocation",
+                        format!("textureFamilies[{fi}].allocation"),
+                    ));
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        for (vi, version) in family.versions.iter().enumerate() {
+            if version.version as usize != vi {
+                return Err(invalid(
+                    "texture version does not match index",
+                    format!("textureFamilies[{fi}].versions[{vi}]"),
+                ));
+            }
+            let resource = graph
+                .resources
+                .get(version.resource as usize)
+                .ok_or_else(|| {
+                    invalid(
+                        "version resource is out of bounds",
+                        format!("textureFamilies[{fi}].versions[{vi}].resource"),
+                    )
+                })?;
+            let ResourcePlanV2::Texture {
+                family: rf,
+                version: rv,
+                allocation,
+                ..
+            } = &resource.plan
+            else {
+                return Err(invalid(
+                    "version resource is not a texture",
+                    format!("resources[{}].plan", version.resource),
+                ));
+            };
+            if *rf != family.id || *rv != version.version || *allocation != family.allocation {
+                return Err(invalid(
+                    "texture resource and family disagree",
+                    format!("resources[{}].plan", version.resource),
+                ));
+            }
+            resource_allocations[version.resource as usize] = *allocation;
+        }
+    }
+    let (surface_family, surface_resource) = surface_pair
+        .ok_or_else(|| invalid("missing imported surface family", "textureFamilies"))?;
+
+    // Validate the resource-to-family direction as well; compiled plans are public and may be
+    // cloned and modified by callers.
+    for (ri, resource) in graph.resources.iter().enumerate() {
+        if let ResourcePlanV2::Texture {
+            family,
+            version,
+            allocation,
+            ..
+        } = resource.plan
+        {
+            let family_plan = graph.texture_families.get(family as usize).ok_or_else(|| {
+                invalid(
+                    "texture resource family is out of bounds",
+                    format!("resources[{ri}].plan.family"),
+                )
+            })?;
+            let family_version = family_plan.versions.get(version as usize).ok_or_else(|| {
+                invalid(
+                    "texture resource version is out of bounds",
+                    format!("resources[{ri}].plan.version"),
+                )
+            })?;
+            if family_version.resource as usize != ri || allocation != family_plan.allocation {
+                return Err(invalid(
+                    "texture resource is inconsistent with its family",
+                    format!("resources[{ri}].plan"),
+                ));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    let mut classes = Vec::with_capacity(graph.allocation_classes.len());
+    for (ci, class) in graph.allocation_classes.iter().enumerate() {
+        let mut slots = Vec::with_capacity(class.slots.len());
+        for (si, slot) in class.slots.iter().enumerate() {
+            let allocation = AllocationRefV2 {
+                class: ci as u32,
+                slot: si as u32,
+            };
+            for &family_id in &slot.occupants {
+                let family = graph
+                    .texture_families
+                    .get(family_id as usize)
+                    .ok_or_else(|| {
+                        invalid(
+                            "slot occupant is out of bounds",
+                            format!("allocationClasses[{ci}].slots[{si}].occupants"),
+                        )
+                    })?;
+                if family.allocation != Some(allocation) {
+                    return Err(invalid(
+                        "slot occupant allocation disagrees",
+                        format!("allocationClasses[{ci}].slots[{si}].occupants"),
+                    ));
+                }
+                let TextureFamilySourceV2::AuthoredTexture { descriptor, .. } = &family.source
+                else {
+                    return Err(invalid(
+                        "imported family occupies a slot",
+                        format!("allocationClasses[{ci}].slots[{si}]"),
+                    ));
+                };
+                if descriptor.dimension != class.key.dimension
+                    || descriptor.format != class.key.format
+                    || descriptor.extent != class.key.extent
+                    || descriptor.mip_level_count != class.key.mip_level_count
+                    || descriptor.sample_count != class.key.sample_count
+                    || descriptor.view_formats != class.key.view_formats
+                {
+                    return Err(invalid(
+                        "occupant descriptor does not match class key",
+                        format!("allocationClasses[{ci}].key"),
+                    ));
+                }
+            }
+            slots.push(RuntimeAllocationSlotV2 {
+                kind: slot.kind,
+                descriptor: runtime_texture_descriptor_v2(
+                    &class.key,
+                    &slot.usage,
+                    [surface.width, surface.height],
+                    limits,
+                )?,
+                occupants: slot.occupants.clone(),
+            });
+        }
+        classes.push(RuntimeAllocationClassV2 {
+            key: class.key.clone(),
+            slots,
+        });
+    }
+    for (fi, family) in graph.texture_families.iter().enumerate() {
+        if let Some(allocation) = family.allocation {
+            let slot = graph
+                .allocation_classes
+                .get(allocation.class as usize)
+                .and_then(|c| c.slots.get(allocation.slot as usize))
+                .ok_or_else(|| {
+                    invalid(
+                        "family allocation is out of bounds",
+                        format!("textureFamilies[{fi}].allocation"),
+                    )
+                })?;
+            if slot.occupants.iter().filter(|&&id| id == family.id).count() != 1 {
+                return Err(invalid(
+                    "family is not exactly once in allocation occupants",
+                    format!("textureFamilies[{fi}].allocation"),
+                ));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    let imported = graph
+        .resources
+        .get(surface_resource as usize)
+        .ok_or_else(|| invalid("surface resource is out of bounds", "textureFamilies"))?;
+    if !matches!(imported.plan, ResourcePlanV2::SurfaceTarget { family } if family == surface_family)
+    {
+        return Err(invalid(
+            "surface source resource mismatch",
+            format!("resources[{surface_resource}]"),
+        ));
+    }
+    // The imported family may only flow through texture versions and the single present.
+    for (ri, resource) in graph.resources.iter().enumerate() {
+        if let ResourcePlanV2::Texture {
+            family, allocation, ..
+        } = resource.plan
+        {
+            if family == surface_family && allocation.is_some() {
+                return Err(invalid(
+                    "surface texture has an allocation",
+                    format!("resources[{ri}].plan"),
+                ));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    let present = graph
+        .executions
+        .iter()
+        .find(|execution| execution.executor.key == "present")
+        .ok_or_else(|| invalid("present execution disappeared", "executions"))?;
+    let ExecutionKindV2::Present { surface: presented } = present.kind else {
+        return Err(invalid("present execution kind mismatch", "executions"));
+    };
+    let presented_resource = graph.resources.get(presented as usize).ok_or_else(|| {
+        invalid(
+            "present resource is out of bounds",
+            "executions.present.surface",
+        )
+    })?;
+    if !matches!(presented_resource.plan, ResourcePlanV2::Texture { family, .. } if family == surface_family)
+    {
+        return Err(error(
+            "GRAPH_SURFACE_INCOMPATIBLE",
+            "present does not resolve to the imported surface",
+            "executions.present.surface",
+        ));
+    }
+
+    Ok(RuntimePlanV2 {
+        allocations: RuntimeAllocationPlanV2 {
+            classes,
+            resource_allocations,
+            surface_family,
+            surface_resource,
+            query,
+        },
+        executions,
+        surface,
+    })
+}
+
+pub fn validate_activatable_v2(graph: &CompiledGraphV2) -> Result<(), GraphError> {
+    let surface = RuntimeSurfaceContractV2 {
+        format: wgpu::TextureFormat::Bgra8Unorm,
+        width: 1,
+        height: 1,
+        usage: wgpu::TextureUsages::RENDER_ATTACHMENT,
+        view_formats: Vec::new(),
+    };
+    prepare_runtime_plan_v2(graph, surface, None).map(|_| ())
+}

renderer/src/render_graph/schema_v2.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,153 @@
+use std::collections::BTreeMap;
+
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Deserialize)]
+#[serde(deny_unknown_fields, rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct GraphV2 {
+    pub schema_version: u32,
+    pub graph_id: String,
+    pub revision: u32,
+    pub nodes: Vec<NodeV2>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Deserialize)]
+#[serde(deny_unknown_fields)]
+pub struct NodeV2 {
+    pub id: String,
+    pub state: NodeStateV2,
+    pub executor: ExecutorRefV2,
+    pub parameters: serde_json::Value,
+    pub inputs: BTreeMap<String, NodeOutputRef>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, Deserialize, Serialize, PartialEq, Eq)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "snake_case")]
+pub enum NodeStateV2 {
+    Enabled,
+    Muted,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Deserialize, Serialize, PartialEq, Eq)]
+#[serde(deny_unknown_fields)]
+pub struct ExecutorRefV2 {
+    pub key: String,
+    pub version: u32,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Deserialize, Serialize, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord)]
+#[serde(deny_unknown_fields)]
+pub struct NodeOutputRef {
+    pub node: String,
+    pub socket: String,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, Deserialize, Serialize, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, PartialOrd, Ord)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "snake_case")]
+pub enum TextureDimensionV2 {
+    D1,
+    D2,
+    D3,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, Deserialize, Serialize, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, PartialOrd, Ord)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "snake_case")]
+pub enum TextureFormatV2 {
+    Rgba8Unorm,
+    Rgba8UnormSrgb,
+    Bgra8Unorm,
+    Bgra8UnormSrgb,
+    Rgba16Float,
+    R32Float,
+    Depth32Float,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Deserialize, Serialize, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, PartialOrd, Ord)]
+#[serde(tag = "kind", rename_all = "snake_case", deny_unknown_fields)]
+pub enum TextureExtentV2 {
+    Absolute {
+        width: u32,
+        height: u32,
+        #[serde(rename = "depthOrArrayLayers")]
+        depth_or_array_layers: u32,
+    },
+    SurfaceRelative {
+        width: RatioV2,
+        height: RatioV2,
+        #[serde(rename = "depthOrArrayLayers")]
+        depth_or_array_layers: u32,
+    },
+}
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, Deserialize, Serialize, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, PartialOrd, Ord)]
+#[serde(deny_unknown_fields)]
+pub struct RatioV2 {
+    pub numerator: u32,
+    pub denominator: u32,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, Deserialize, Serialize, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, PartialOrd, Ord)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "snake_case")]
+pub enum TextureResidencyV2 {
+    Transient,
+    Persistent,
+    History,
+    Readback,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Deserialize, Serialize, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, PartialOrd, Ord)]
+#[serde(deny_unknown_fields, rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct TextureDescriptorV2 {
+    pub dimension: TextureDimensionV2,
+    pub format: TextureFormatV2,
+    pub extent: TextureExtentV2,
+    pub mip_level_count: u32,
+    pub sample_count: u32,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub view_formats: Vec<TextureFormatV2>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, Deserialize, Serialize, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "snake_case")]
+pub enum TriStatePredicate {
+    Any,
+    RequiredTrue,
+    RequiredFalse,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Deserialize, Serialize, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord)]
+#[serde(deny_unknown_fields)]
+pub struct MeshFilterV2 {
+    pub flag: MeshFlagV2,
+    pub predicate: TriStatePredicate,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, Deserialize, Serialize, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub enum MeshFlagV2 {
+    IsVisible,
+    IsFrustumCulled,
+}
+
+impl MeshFlagV2 {
+    pub const ORDERED: [Self; 2] = [Self::IsVisible, Self::IsFrustumCulled];
+
+    pub const fn input_socket(self) -> &'static str {
+        match self {
+            Self::IsVisible => "isVisible",
+            Self::IsFrustumCulled => "isFrustumCulled",
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, Deserialize, Serialize, PartialEq, Eq)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "snake_case")]
+pub enum CompareFunctionV2 {
+    Never,
+    Less,
+    Equal,
+    LessEqual,
+    Greater,
+    NotEqual,
+    GreaterEqual,
+    Always,
+}

renderer/src/render_graph/tests.rs

@@ -213,12 +213,13 @@ fn registry_capacity() {
     );
 }
 #[test]
-fn registry_revision_replaces_in_place() {
+fn registry_revision_creates_immutable_handle() {
-    let mut r = Registry::new(1);
+    let mut r = Registry::new(2);
     let (a, _) = r.compile(&empty("g", 1)).unwrap();
     let (b, _) = r.compile(&empty("g", 2)).unwrap();
-    assert_eq!(a, b);
+    assert_ne!(a, b);
-    assert_eq!(r.get(a).unwrap().revision, 2);
+    assert_eq!(r.get(a).unwrap().revision, 1);
+    assert_eq!(r.get(b).unwrap().revision, 2);
 }
 #[test]
 fn registry_revision_conflict() {

renderer/src/renderer/culling.wgsl

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+struct Params { planes: array<vec4<f32>, 6>, count: u32, visible_predicate: u32, frustum_predicate: u32, _pad: u32 }
+struct Instance { model: mat4x4<f32>, n0: vec4<f32>, n1: vec4<f32>, n2: vec4<f32> }
+struct Aabb { min: vec4<f32>, max: vec4<f32> }
+struct Meta { index_count: u32, first_index: u32, base_vertex: i32, instance_index: u32 }
+struct Command { index_count: u32, instance_count: u32, first_index: u32, base_vertex: i32, first_instance: u32 }
+@group(0) @binding(0) var<uniform> params: Params;
+@group(0) @binding(1) var<storage, read> instances: array<Instance>;
+@group(0) @binding(2) var<storage, read> bounds: array<Aabb>;
+@group(0) @binding(3) var<storage, read> authored_visible: array<u32>;
+@group(0) @binding(4) var<storage, read> metadata: array<Meta>;
+@group(0) @binding(5) var<storage, read_write> frustum_flags: array<u32>;
+@group(0) @binding(6) var<storage, read_write> commands: array<Command>;
+
+@compute @workgroup_size(64)
+fn frustum_cull(@builtin(global_invocation_id) id: vec3<u32>) {
+  let i = id.x;
+  if (i >= params.count) { return; }
+  let b = bounds[i];
+  let center = (b.min.xyz + b.max.xyz) * 0.5;
+  let extent = (b.max.xyz - b.min.xyz) * 0.5;
+  let m = instances[i].model;
+  let wc = (m * vec4<f32>(center, 1.0)).xyz;
+  let ax = m[0].xyz * extent.x;
+  let ay = m[1].xyz * extent.y;
+  let az = m[2].xyz * extent.z;
+  var inside = 1u;
+  for (var p = 0u; p < 6u; p++) {
+    let plane = params.planes[p];
+    let radius = abs(dot(plane.xyz, ax)) + abs(dot(plane.xyz, ay)) + abs(dot(plane.xyz, az));
+    if (dot(plane.xyz, wc) + plane.w + radius < 0.0) { inside = 0u; }
+  }
+  frustum_flags[i] = 1u - inside;
+}
+
+fn matches(value: u32, predicate: u32) -> bool {
+  return predicate == 0u || (predicate == 1u && value != 0u) || (predicate == 2u && value == 0u);
+}
+
+@compute @workgroup_size(64)
+fn mesh_query(@builtin(global_invocation_id) id: vec3<u32>) {
+  let i = id.x;
+  if (i >= params.count) { return; }
+  let draw_meta = metadata[i];
+  var selected = true;
+  if (params.visible_predicate != 0u) {
+    selected = matches(authored_visible[i], params.visible_predicate);
+  }
+  if (params.frustum_predicate != 0u) {
+    selected = selected && matches(frustum_flags[i], params.frustum_predicate);
+  }
+  commands[i] = Command(draw_meta.index_count, select(0u, 1u, selected), draw_meta.first_index, draw_meta.base_vertex, 0u);
+}

renderer/src/renderer/executors/legacy_forward.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,391 @@
+use crate::renderer::{
+    gpu_scene::GpuSceneCache, material::MaterialResources, ActiveCompiledV1, ActiveCompiledV2,
+    PipelineLibrary, PreparedExecutionV2,
+};
+
+use super::super::scene::Scene;
+
+fn encode_scene<'a, T: Scene>(
+    pass: &mut wgpu::RenderPass<'a>,
+    scene: &'a T,
+    gpu: &'a GpuSceneCache,
+    pipelines: &'a PipelineLibrary,
+    materials: &'a MaterialResources,
+) {
+    for (i, bind_group) in scene.bind_groups().iter().enumerate() {
+        pass.set_bind_group(i as u32, bind_group, &[]);
+    }
+    if let (Some(p), Some(n), Some(u), Some(t), Some(i), Some(inst)) = (
+        &gpu.positions.buffer,
+        &gpu.normals.buffer,
+        &gpu.uvs.buffer,
+        &gpu.tangents.buffer,
+        &gpu.indices.buffer,
+        &gpu.instances.buffer,
+    ) {
+        pass.set_vertex_buffer(0, p.slice(..));
+        pass.set_vertex_buffer(1, n.slice(..));
+        pass.set_vertex_buffer(2, u.slice(..));
+        pass.set_vertex_buffer(3, inst.slice(..));
+        pass.set_vertex_buffer(4, t.slice(..));
+        pass.set_index_buffer(i.slice(..), wgpu::IndexFormat::Uint32);
+        for draw in &gpu.draws {
+            if !draw.effective_visible {
+                continue;
+            }
+            pass.set_pipeline(pipelines.get_pipeline(draw.pipeline));
+            if pipelines.requires_material(draw.pipeline) {
+                pass.set_bind_group(2, materials.group(draw.material), &[]);
+            }
+            pass.draw_indexed(
+                draw.indices.clone(),
+                draw.base_vertex,
+                draw.instances.clone(),
+            );
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+pub(crate) fn encode_compiled_v2<T: Scene>(
+    encoder: &mut wgpu::CommandEncoder,
+    surface: &wgpu::TextureView,
+    active: &ActiveCompiledV2,
+    scene: &T,
+    gpu: &GpuSceneCache,
+    pipelines: &PipelineLibrary,
+    materials: &MaterialResources,
+    mut profile: Option<&mut crate::renderer::profiler::ProfileFrame>,
+) -> Result<(), &'static str> {
+    use crate::render_graph::{
+        ExecutionKindV2, NormalizedColorLoadV2, NormalizedDepthLoadV2, ResourcePlanV2, StoreOpV2,
+    };
+    let view = |resource: u32| -> Result<&wgpu::TextureView, &'static str> {
+        let is_surface = active
+            .graph
+            .resources
+            .get(resource as usize)
+            .is_some_and(|resource| {
+                matches!(
+                    resource.plan,
+                    ResourcePlanV2::SurfaceTarget { family }
+                        | ResourcePlanV2::Texture { family, .. }
+                        if family == active.runtime.allocations.surface_family
+                )
+            });
+        if is_surface {
+            return Ok(surface);
+        }
+        let a = active
+            .runtime
+            .allocations
+            .resource_allocations
+            .get(resource as usize)
+            .copied()
+            .flatten()
+            .ok_or("V2 resource has no allocation")?;
+        active
+            .textures
+            .get(a.class as usize)
+            .and_then(|c| c.get(a.slot as usize))
+            .map(|s| &s.view)
+            .ok_or("V2 allocation out of bounds")
+    };
+    for (execution_index, prepared) in active.executions.iter().enumerate() {
+        let profile_id = &active.graph.executions[execution_index].id;
+        match prepared {
+            PreparedExecutionV2::FrustumCull => {
+                gpu.encode_frustum_cull(encoder, profile.as_deref_mut(), profile_id);
+            }
+            PreparedExecutionV2::MeshQuery => {
+                gpu.encode_mesh_query(encoder, profile.as_deref_mut(), profile_id);
+            }
+            PreparedExecutionV2::Present => {}
+            PreparedExecutionV2::Fullscreen {
+                execution,
+                bind_group,
+                pipeline,
+                ..
+            } => {
+                let execution = active
+                    .graph
+                    .executions
+                    .get(*execution)
+                    .ok_or("V2 execution out of bounds")?;
+                let ExecutionKindV2::Render {
+                    color_attachments, ..
+                } = &execution.kind
+                else {
+                    return Err("fullscreen is not render");
+                };
+                let color = color_attachments
+                    .first()
+                    .ok_or("fullscreen target missing")?;
+                let mut pass = encoder.begin_render_pass(&wgpu::RenderPassDescriptor {
+                    label: Some(&execution.id),
+                    color_attachments: &[Some(wgpu::RenderPassColorAttachment {
+                        view: view(color.resource)?,
+                        depth_slice: None,
+                        resolve_target: None,
+                        ops: wgpu::Operations {
+                            load: match color.load {
+                                NormalizedColorLoadV2::Load => wgpu::LoadOp::Load,
+                                NormalizedColorLoadV2::Clear { value } => {
+                                    wgpu::LoadOp::Clear(wgpu::Color {
+                                        r: value[0],
+                                        g: value[1],
+                                        b: value[2],
+                                        a: value[3],
+                                    })
+                                }
+                            },
+                            store: if color.store == StoreOpV2::Store {
+                                wgpu::StoreOp::Store
+                            } else {
+                                wgpu::StoreOp::Discard
+                            },
+                        },
+                    })],
+                    depth_stencil_attachment: None,
+                    occlusion_query_set: None,
+                    timestamp_writes: profile
+                        .as_deref_mut()
+                        .and_then(|p| p.render_writes(&execution.id)),
+                });
+                pass.set_pipeline(pipeline);
+                pass.set_bind_group(0, bind_group, &[]);
+                pass.draw(0..3, 0..1);
+            }
+            PreparedExecutionV2::LegacyForward {
+                execution,
+                variants,
+            } => {
+                let execution = active
+                    .graph
+                    .executions
+                    .get(*execution)
+                    .ok_or("V2 execution out of bounds")?;
+                let ExecutionKindV2::Render {
+                    color_attachments,
+                    depth_stencil,
+                } = &execution.kind
+                else {
+                    return Err("legacy forward is not render");
+                };
+                let color = color_attachments.first().ok_or("legacy color missing")?;
+                let depth = depth_stencil.as_ref().ok_or("legacy depth missing")?;
+                let mut pass = encoder.begin_render_pass(&wgpu::RenderPassDescriptor {
+                    label: Some(&execution.id),
+                    color_attachments: &[Some(wgpu::RenderPassColorAttachment {
+                        view: view(color.resource)?,
+                        depth_slice: None,
+                        resolve_target: None,
+                        ops: wgpu::Operations {
+                            load: match color.load {
+                                NormalizedColorLoadV2::Load => wgpu::LoadOp::Load,
+                                NormalizedColorLoadV2::Clear { value } => {
+                                    wgpu::LoadOp::Clear(wgpu::Color {
+                                        r: value[0],
+                                        g: value[1],
+                                        b: value[2],
+                                        a: value[3],
+                                    })
+                                }
+                            },
+                            store: if color.store == StoreOpV2::Store {
+                                wgpu::StoreOp::Store
+                            } else {
+                                wgpu::StoreOp::Discard
+                            },
+                        },
+                    })],
+                    depth_stencil_attachment: Some(wgpu::RenderPassDepthStencilAttachment {
+                        view: view(depth.resource)?,
+                        depth_ops: Some(wgpu::Operations {
+                            load: match depth.load {
+                                NormalizedDepthLoadV2::Load => wgpu::LoadOp::Load,
+                                NormalizedDepthLoadV2::Clear { value } => {
+                                    wgpu::LoadOp::Clear(value)
+                                }
+                            },
+                            store: if depth.store == StoreOpV2::Store {
+                                wgpu::StoreOp::Store
+                            } else {
+                                wgpu::StoreOp::Discard
+                            },
+                        }),
+                        stencil_ops: None,
+                    }),
+                    occlusion_query_set: None,
+                    timestamp_writes: profile
+                        .as_deref_mut()
+                        .and_then(|p| p.render_writes(&execution.id)),
+                });
+                for (i, group) in scene.bind_groups().iter().enumerate() {
+                    pass.set_bind_group(i as u32, group, &[]);
+                }
+                if let (Some(p), Some(n), Some(u), Some(t), Some(ix), Some(inst)) = (
+                    &gpu.positions.buffer,
+                    &gpu.normals.buffer,
+                    &gpu.uvs.buffer,
+                    &gpu.tangents.buffer,
+                    &gpu.indices.buffer,
+                    &gpu.instances.buffer,
+                ) {
+                    pass.set_vertex_buffer(0, p.slice(..));
+                    pass.set_vertex_buffer(1, n.slice(..));
+                    pass.set_vertex_buffer(2, u.slice(..));
+                    pass.set_vertex_buffer(4, t.slice(..));
+                    pass.set_index_buffer(ix.slice(..), wgpu::IndexFormat::Uint32);
+                    for draw in &gpu.draws {
+                        let slot = draw.instances.start as u64;
+                        let start = slot
+                            * std::mem::size_of::<crate::renderer::gpu_scene::GpuInstance>() as u64;
+                        pass.set_vertex_buffer(3, inst.slice(start..start + 112));
+                        let key = variants
+                            .iter()
+                            .find(|(base, _)| *base == draw.pipeline)
+                            .map(|x| &x.1)
+                            .ok_or("pipeline variant missing")?;
+                        pass.set_pipeline(key);
+                        if pipelines.requires_material(draw.pipeline) {
+                            pass.set_bind_group(2, materials.group(draw.material), &[]);
+                        }
+                        pass.draw_indexed_indirect(
+                            gpu.indirect_commands
+                                .buffer
+                                .as_ref()
+                                .ok_or("indirect command buffer missing")?,
+                            slot * 20,
+                        );
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+pub(crate) fn encode_immediate<T: Scene>(
+    encoder: &mut wgpu::CommandEncoder,
+    color: &wgpu::TextureView,
+    depth: &wgpu::TextureView,
+    scene: &T,
+    gpu: &GpuSceneCache,
+    pipelines: &PipelineLibrary,
+    materials: &MaterialResources,
+    profile: Option<&mut crate::renderer::profiler::ProfileFrame>,
+) {
+    let mut pass = encoder.begin_render_pass(&wgpu::RenderPassDescriptor {
+        label: Some("Render pass"),
+        color_attachments: &[Some(wgpu::RenderPassColorAttachment {
+            depth_slice: None,
+            view: color,
+            resolve_target: None,
+            ops: wgpu::Operations {
+                load: wgpu::LoadOp::Clear(wgpu::Color {
+                    r: 0.,
+                    g: 0.,
+                    b: 0.,
+                    a: 1.,
+                }),
+                store: wgpu::StoreOp::Store,
+            },
+        })],
+        depth_stencil_attachment: Some(wgpu::RenderPassDepthStencilAttachment {
+            view: depth,
+            depth_ops: Some(wgpu::Operations {
+                load: wgpu::LoadOp::Clear(1.),
+                store: wgpu::StoreOp::Store,
+            }),
+            stencil_ops: None,
+        }),
+        occlusion_query_set: None,
+        timestamp_writes: profile.and_then(|p| p.render_writes("immediate.forward")),
+    });
+    encode_scene(&mut pass, scene, gpu, pipelines, materials);
+}
+
+pub(crate) fn encode_compiled_v1<T: Scene>(
+    encoder: &mut wgpu::CommandEncoder,
+    color_view: &wgpu::TextureView,
+    active: &ActiveCompiledV1,
+    scene: &T,
+    gpu: &GpuSceneCache,
+    pipelines: &PipelineLibrary,
+    materials: &MaterialResources,
+    mut profile: Option<&mut crate::renderer::profiler::ProfileFrame>,
+) {
+    for pass in &active.graph.passes {
+        let depth_resource = pass
+            .writes
+            .iter()
+            .find(|w| w.binding == "depth")
+            .unwrap()
+            .resource as usize;
+        let allocation = active.graph.resources[depth_resource].allocation.unwrap();
+        let depth_view =
+            &active.views[active.class_bases[allocation.class as usize] + allocation.slot as usize];
+        let color = pass.writes.iter().find(|w| w.binding == "color").unwrap();
+        let depth = pass.writes.iter().find(|w| w.binding == "depth").unwrap();
+        let (color_load, color_store) = match &color.access {
+            crate::render_graph::WriteAccess::ColorAttachment { load, store, .. } => (
+                match load {
+                    crate::render_graph::ColorLoad::Clear { value } => {
+                        wgpu::LoadOp::Clear(wgpu::Color {
+                            r: value[0],
+                            g: value[1],
+                            b: value[2],
+                            a: value[3],
+                        })
+                    }
+                    crate::render_graph::ColorLoad::Load => wgpu::LoadOp::Load,
+                },
+                if matches!(store, crate::render_graph::StoreOp::Store) {
+                    wgpu::StoreOp::Store
+                } else {
+                    wgpu::StoreOp::Discard
+                },
+            ),
+            _ => unreachable!(),
+        };
+        let (depth_load, depth_store) = match &depth.access {
+            crate::render_graph::WriteAccess::DepthAttachment { load, store } => (
+                match load {
+                    crate::render_graph::DepthLoad::Clear { value } => wgpu::LoadOp::Clear(*value),
+                    crate::render_graph::DepthLoad::Load => wgpu::LoadOp::Load,
+                },
+                if matches!(store, crate::render_graph::StoreOp::Store) {
+                    wgpu::StoreOp::Store
+                } else {
+                    wgpu::StoreOp::Discard
+                },
+            ),
+            _ => unreachable!(),
+        };
+        let mut render_pass = encoder.begin_render_pass(&wgpu::RenderPassDescriptor {
+            label: Some(&pass.id),
+            color_attachments: &[Some(wgpu::RenderPassColorAttachment {
+                depth_slice: None,
+                view: color_view,
+                resolve_target: None,
+                ops: wgpu::Operations {
+                    load: color_load,
+                    store: color_store,
+                },
+            })],
+            depth_stencil_attachment: Some(wgpu::RenderPassDepthStencilAttachment {
+                view: depth_view,
+                depth_ops: Some(wgpu::Operations {
+                    load: depth_load,
+                    store: depth_store,
+                }),
+                stencil_ops: None,
+            }),
+            occlusion_query_set: None,
+            timestamp_writes: profile
+                .as_deref_mut()
+                .and_then(|p| p.render_writes(&pass.id)),
+        });
+        encode_scene(&mut render_pass, scene, gpu, pipelines, materials);
+    }
+}

renderer/src/renderer/executors/mod.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+mod legacy_forward;
+
+pub(super) use legacy_forward::{encode_compiled_v1, encode_compiled_v2, encode_immediate};

renderer/src/renderer/fullscreen_copy.wgsl

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+@group(0) @binding(0) var source_texture: texture_2d<f32>;
+@group(0) @binding(1) var second_texture: texture_2d<f32>;
+@group(0) @binding(2) var linear_clamp: sampler;
+struct Parameters { a: vec4<f32>, b: vec4<f32> }
+@group(0) @binding(3) var<uniform> parameters: Parameters;
+
+struct VertexOut { @builtin(position) position: vec4<f32>, @location(0) uv: vec2<f32> }
+@vertex fn vs_main(@builtin(vertex_index) index: u32) -> VertexOut {
+    let positions = array(vec2(-1.0, -1.0), vec2(3.0, -1.0), vec2(-1.0, 3.0));
+    let p = positions[index];
+    var out: VertexOut; out.position = vec4(p, 0.0, 1.0); out.uv = p * vec2(0.5, -0.5) + vec2(0.5); return out;
+}
+fn sample_source(uv: vec2<f32>) -> vec4<f32> { return textureSampleLevel(source_texture, linear_clamp, uv, 0.0); }
+@fragment fn fs_copy(in: VertexOut) -> @location(0) vec4<f32> { return sample_source(in.uv); }
+
+fn aces(x: vec3<f32>) -> vec3<f32> {
+    return clamp((x * (2.51 * x + vec3(0.03))) / (x * (2.43 * x + vec3(0.59)) + vec3(0.14)), vec3(0.0), vec3(1.0));
+}
+fn linear_to_srgb(x: vec3<f32>) -> vec3<f32> {
+    let low = x * 12.92; let high = 1.055 * pow(x, vec3(1.0 / 2.4)) - vec3(0.055);
+    return select(high, low, x <= vec3(0.0031308));
+}
+@fragment fn fs_tone_map(in: VertexOut) -> @location(0) vec4<f32> { let c=sample_source(in.uv); return vec4(linear_to_srgb(aces(c.rgb * parameters.a.x)), c.a); }
+@fragment fn fs_bloom_extract(in: VertexOut) -> @location(0) vec4<f32> {
+    let c=sample_source(in.uv); let brightness=max(c.r,max(c.g,c.b)); let knee=max(parameters.a.y,0.00001); let soft=clamp((brightness-parameters.a.x+knee)/(2.0*knee),0.0,1.0); let contribution=max(brightness-parameters.a.x,0.0)+soft*soft*knee; return vec4(c.rgb*contribution/max(brightness,0.00001),1.0);
+}
+@fragment fn fs_bloom_blur(in: VertexOut) -> @location(0) vec4<f32> {
+    let size=vec2<f32>(textureDimensions(source_texture)); let step=parameters.a.xy*parameters.a.z/size;
+    var c=sample_source(in.uv)*0.227027; c+=sample_source(in.uv+step*1.384615)*0.316216; c+=sample_source(in.uv-step*1.384615)*0.316216; c+=sample_source(in.uv+step*3.230769)*0.070270; c+=sample_source(in.uv-step*3.230769)*0.070270; return c;
+}
+@fragment fn fs_bloom_composite(in: VertexOut) -> @location(0) vec4<f32> { let c=sample_source(in.uv); return vec4(c.rgb+textureSampleLevel(second_texture,linear_clamp,in.uv,0.0).rgb*parameters.a.x,c.a); }
+fn luminance(c: vec3<f32>) -> f32 { return dot(c,vec3(0.2126,0.7152,0.0722)); }
+@fragment fn fs_luminance_edge(in: VertexOut) -> @location(0) vec4<f32> {
+    let d=1.0/vec2<f32>(textureDimensions(source_texture)); var gx=0.0; var gy=0.0;
+    gx += -luminance(sample_source(in.uv+d*vec2(-1.0,-1.0)).rgb)+luminance(sample_source(in.uv+d*vec2(1.0,-1.0)).rgb); gx += -2.0*luminance(sample_source(in.uv+d*vec2(-1.0,0.0)).rgb)+2.0*luminance(sample_source(in.uv+d*vec2(1.0,0.0)).rgb); gx += -luminance(sample_source(in.uv+d*vec2(-1.0,1.0)).rgb)+luminance(sample_source(in.uv+d*vec2(1.0,1.0)).rgb);
+    gy += -luminance(sample_source(in.uv+d*vec2(-1.0,-1.0)).rgb)-2.0*luminance(sample_source(in.uv+d*vec2(0.0,-1.0)).rgb)-luminance(sample_source(in.uv+d*vec2(1.0,-1.0)).rgb); gy += luminance(sample_source(in.uv+d*vec2(-1.0,1.0)).rgb)+2.0*luminance(sample_source(in.uv+d*vec2(0.0,1.0)).rgb)+luminance(sample_source(in.uv+d*vec2(1.0,1.0)).rgb);
+    let edge=clamp(length(vec2(gx,gy))*parameters.a.x,0.0,1.0); return vec4(vec3(edge),1.0);
+}

renderer/src/renderer/gpu_scene.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,9 @@
 use std::mem::size_of;
 
-use crate::render_data::{MeshHandle, PipelineKey, RenderData, RenderFlags};
+use crate::{
+    render_data::{MaterialKey, MeshHandle, PipelineKey, RenderFlags},
+    renderer::scene_frame::SceneFramePlan,
+};
 use bytemuck::{Pod, Zeroable};
 
 #[repr(C)]
@@ -15,10 +18,38 @@ pub struct GpuInstance {
 #[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
 pub struct DrawItem {
     pub pipeline: PipelineKey,
+    pub material: MaterialKey,
     pub mesh: MeshHandle,
     pub indices: std::ops::Range<u32>,
     pub base_vertex: i32,
     pub instances: std::ops::Range<u32>,
+    pub effective_visible: bool,
+}
+
+#[repr(C)]
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Pod, Zeroable, PartialEq)]
+pub struct GpuLocalAabb {
+    pub min: [f32; 4],
+    pub max: [f32; 4],
+}
+
+#[repr(C)]
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Pod, Zeroable, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub struct DrawSlotMetadata {
+    pub index_count: u32,
+    pub first_index: u32,
+    pub base_vertex: i32,
+    pub instance_index: u32,
+}
+
+#[repr(C)]
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Pod, Zeroable, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub struct DrawIndexedIndirect {
+    pub index_count: u32,
+    pub instance_count: u32,
+    pub first_index: u32,
+    pub base_vertex: i32,
+    pub first_instance: u32,
 }
 
 #[derive(Default)]
@@ -26,30 +57,60 @@ pub struct GpuScenePlan {
     pub positions: Vec<[f32; 3]>,
     pub normals: Vec<[f32; 3]>,
     pub uvs: Vec<[f32; 2]>,
+    pub tangents: Vec<[f32; 4]>,
     pub indices: Vec<u32>,
     pub instances: Vec<GpuInstance>,
     pub draws: Vec<DrawItem>,
+    pub local_aabbs: Vec<GpuLocalAabb>,
+    pub effective_visibility: Vec<u32>,
+    pub draw_metadata: Vec<DrawSlotMetadata>,
+    pub commands: Vec<DrawIndexedIndirect>,
+}
+
+fn visibility_matches(
+    predicate: crate::render_graph::TriStatePredicate,
+    mesh: RenderFlags,
+    instance: RenderFlags,
+) -> bool {
+    let effective = mesh.contains(RenderFlags::VISIBLE) && instance.contains(RenderFlags::VISIBLE);
+    match predicate {
+        crate::render_graph::TriStatePredicate::Any => true,
+        crate::render_graph::TriStatePredicate::RequiredTrue => effective,
+        crate::render_graph::TriStatePredicate::RequiredFalse => !effective,
+    }
 }
 
 impl GpuScenePlan {
-    pub fn build(data: &RenderData) -> Result<Self, &'static str> {
+    pub fn build(data: &SceneFramePlan) -> Result<Self, &'static str> {
+        self::GpuScenePlan::build_with_query(
+            data,
+            crate::render_graph::MeshQueryRuntimeKeyV2 {
+                visible: crate::render_graph::TriStatePredicate::RequiredTrue,
+                frustum_culled: crate::render_graph::TriStatePredicate::Any,
+            },
+        )
+    }
+
+    pub fn build_with_query(
+        data: &SceneFramePlan,
+        query: crate::render_graph::MeshQueryRuntimeKeyV2,
+    ) -> Result<Self, &'static str> {
+        let _ = query; // Packing is canonical; predicates are evaluated by the GPU.
         let mut plan = Self::default();
-        let mut meshes: Vec<_> = data
+        let mut meshes: Vec<_> = data.meshes.iter().collect();
-            .meshes()
+        meshes.sort_by_key(|mesh| {
-            .filter(|(_, mesh)| mesh.flags.contains(RenderFlags::VISIBLE))
+            (
-            .collect();
+                mesh.pipeline.get(),
-        meshes.sort_by_key(|(handle, mesh)| {
+                mesh.material.get(),
-            (mesh.pipeline.get(), handle.slot(), handle.generation())
+                mesh.handle.slot(),
+                mesh.handle.generation(),
+            )
         });
-        let streams = data.streams();
+        for mesh in meshes {
-        for (handle, mesh) in meshes {
+            let occurrences: Vec<_> = data.mesh_occurrence_indices[mesh.occurrence_range.clone()]
-            let mut occurrences: Vec<_> = data
+                .iter()
-                .instances()
+                .map(|&index| &data.occurrences[index])
-                .filter(|(_, instance)| {
-                    instance.mesh == handle && instance.flags.contains(RenderFlags::VISIBLE)
-                })
                 .collect();
-            occurrences.sort_by_key(|(handle, _)| (handle.slot(), handle.generation()));
             if occurrences.is_empty() {
                 continue;
             }
@@ -59,23 +120,25 @@ impl GpuScenePlan {
                 .checked_add(mesh.geometry.vertex_count as usize)
                 .ok_or("vertex range overflow")?;
             plan.positions.extend_from_slice(
-                streams
+                data.positions
-                    .positions
                     .get(source_start..source_end)
                     .ok_or("invalid vertex range")?,
             );
             plan.normals.extend_from_slice(
-                streams
+                data.normals
-                    .normals
                     .get(source_start..source_end)
                     .ok_or("invalid normal range")?,
             );
             plan.uvs.extend_from_slice(
-                streams
+                data.uvs
-                    .uvs
                     .get(source_start..source_end)
                     .ok_or("invalid uv range")?,
             );
+            plan.tangents.extend_from_slice(
+                data.tangents
+                    .get(source_start..source_end)
+                    .ok_or("invalid tangent range")?,
+            );
             let index_start =
                 u32::try_from(plan.indices.len()).map_err(|_| "index start exceeds u32")?;
             let source_index = mesh.geometry.index_start as usize;
@@ -83,20 +146,24 @@ impl GpuScenePlan {
                 .checked_add(mesh.geometry.index_count as usize)
                 .ok_or("index range overflow")?;
             plan.indices.extend_from_slice(
-                data.indices()
+                data.indices
                     .get(source_index..source_index_end)
                     .ok_or("invalid index range")?,
             );
-            let instance_start =
+            for instance in occurrences {
-                u32::try_from(plan.instances.len()).map_err(|_| "instance start exceeds u32")?;
+                let instance_start = u32::try_from(plan.instances.len())
-            for (_, instance) in occurrences {
+                    .map_err(|_| "instance start exceeds u32")?;
+                let m = &instance.model;
+                let determinant = m[0][0] * (m[1][1] * m[2][2] - m[2][1] * m[1][2])
+                    - m[1][0] * (m[0][1] * m[2][2] - m[2][1] * m[0][2])
+                    + m[2][0] * (m[0][1] * m[1][2] - m[1][1] * m[0][2]);
                 plan.instances.push(GpuInstance {
                     model: instance.model,
                     normal_0: [
                         instance.normal[0][0],
                         instance.normal[0][1],
                         instance.normal[0][2],
-                        0.0,
+                        if determinant < 0.0 { -1.0 } else { 1.0 },
                     ],
                     normal_1: [
                         instance.normal[1][0],
@@ -111,20 +178,42 @@ impl GpuScenePlan {
                         0.0,
                     ],
                 });
-            }
+                let base_vertex =
+                    i32::try_from(vertex_start).map_err(|_| "base vertex exceeds i32")?;
+                let end = index_start
+                    .checked_add(mesh.geometry.index_count)
+                    .ok_or("draw index range overflow")?;
+                let effective_visible = mesh.flags.contains(RenderFlags::VISIBLE)
+                    && instance.flags.contains(RenderFlags::VISIBLE);
+                plan.local_aabbs.push(GpuLocalAabb {
+                    min: [mesh.aabb.min[0], mesh.aabb.min[1], mesh.aabb.min[2], 0.],
+                    max: [mesh.aabb.max[0], mesh.aabb.max[1], mesh.aabb.max[2], 0.],
+                });
+                plan.effective_visibility.push(effective_visible as u32);
+                plan.draw_metadata.push(DrawSlotMetadata {
+                    index_count: mesh.geometry.index_count,
+                    first_index: index_start,
+                    base_vertex,
+                    instance_index: instance_start,
+                });
+                plan.commands.push(DrawIndexedIndirect {
+                    index_count: mesh.geometry.index_count,
+                    instance_count: 0,
+                    first_index: index_start,
+                    base_vertex,
+                    first_instance: 0,
+                });
                 plan.draws.push(DrawItem {
                     pipeline: mesh.pipeline,
-                mesh: handle,
+                    material: mesh.material,
-                indices: index_start
+                    mesh: mesh.handle,
-                    ..index_start
+                    indices: index_start..end,
-                        .checked_add(mesh.geometry.index_count)
+                    base_vertex,
-                        .ok_or("draw index range overflow")?,
+                    instances: instance_start..instance_start + 1,
-                base_vertex: i32::try_from(vertex_start).map_err(|_| "base vertex exceeds i32")?,
+                    effective_visible,
-                instances: instance_start
-                    ..u32::try_from(plan.instances.len())
-                        .map_err(|_| "instance end exceeds u32")?,
                 });
             }
+        }
         Ok(plan)
     }
 }
@@ -148,7 +237,7 @@ pub fn required_buffer_capacity(
     Ok(grown.min(maximum))
 }
 
-pub fn vertex_layouts() -> [wgpu::VertexBufferLayout<'static>; 4] {
+pub fn vertex_layouts() -> [wgpu::VertexBufferLayout<'static>; 5] {
     const INSTANCE_ATTRIBUTES: [wgpu::VertexAttribute; 7] = wgpu::vertex_attr_array![3 => Float32x4, 4 => Float32x4, 5 => Float32x4, 6 => Float32x4, 7 => Float32x4, 8 => Float32x4, 9 => Float32x4];
     [
         wgpu::VertexBufferLayout {
@@ -171,6 +260,11 @@ pub fn vertex_layouts() -> [wgpu::VertexBufferLayout<'static>; 4] {
             step_mode: wgpu::VertexStepMode::Instance,
             attributes: &INSTANCE_ATTRIBUTES,
         },
+        wgpu::VertexBufferLayout {
+            array_stride: 16,
+            step_mode: wgpu::VertexStepMode::Vertex,
+            attributes: &wgpu::vertex_attr_array![10 => Float32x4],
+        },
     ]
 }
 
@@ -183,12 +277,45 @@ pub struct BufferSlot {
 #[derive(Default)]
 pub struct GpuSceneCache {
     revision: Option<u64>,
+    query: Option<crate::render_graph::MeshQueryRuntimeKeyV2>,
     pub positions: BufferSlot,
     pub normals: BufferSlot,
     pub uvs: BufferSlot,
+    pub tangents: BufferSlot,
     pub indices: BufferSlot,
     pub instances: BufferSlot,
+    pub local_aabbs: BufferSlot,
+    pub effective_visibility: BufferSlot,
+    pub draw_metadata: BufferSlot,
+    pub frustum_flags: BufferSlot,
+    pub indirect_commands: BufferSlot,
     pub draws: Vec<DrawItem>,
+    compute: Option<CullingCompute>,
+}
+
+struct CullingCompute {
+    params: wgpu::Buffer,
+    bind_group: wgpu::BindGroup,
+    frustum_pipeline: wgpu::ComputePipeline,
+    query_pipeline: wgpu::ComputePipeline,
+}
+
+#[repr(C)]
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Pod, Zeroable)]
+struct CullingParams {
+    planes: [[f32; 4]; 6],
+    count: u32,
+    visible_predicate: u32,
+    frustum_predicate: u32,
+    _pad: u32,
+}
+
+fn predicate_code(value: crate::render_graph::TriStatePredicate) -> u32 {
+    match value {
+        crate::render_graph::TriStatePredicate::Any => 0,
+        crate::render_graph::TriStatePredicate::RequiredTrue => 1,
+        crate::render_graph::TriStatePredicate::RequiredFalse => 2,
+    }
 }
 
 impl GpuSceneCache {
@@ -196,15 +323,34 @@ impl GpuSceneCache {
         &mut self,
         device: &wgpu::Device,
         queue: &wgpu::Queue,
-        data: &RenderData,
+        data: &SceneFramePlan,
     ) -> Result<(), String> {
-        if self.revision == Some(data.revision()) {
+        self.upload_with_query(
+            device,
+            queue,
+            data,
+            crate::render_graph::MeshQueryRuntimeKeyV2 {
+                visible: crate::render_graph::TriStatePredicate::RequiredTrue,
+                frustum_culled: crate::render_graph::TriStatePredicate::Any,
+            },
+        )
+    }
+
+    pub fn upload_with_query(
+        &mut self,
+        device: &wgpu::Device,
+        queue: &wgpu::Queue,
+        data: &SceneFramePlan,
+        query: crate::render_graph::MeshQueryRuntimeKeyV2,
+    ) -> Result<(), String> {
+        if self.revision == Some(data.revision) && self.query == Some(query) {
             return Ok(());
         }
-        let plan = GpuScenePlan::build(data).map_err(str::to_owned)?;
+        let plan = GpuScenePlan::build_with_query(data, query).map_err(str::to_owned)?;
         if plan.draws.is_empty() {
             self.draws.clear();
-            self.revision = Some(data.revision());
+            self.revision = Some(data.revision);
+            self.query = Some(query);
             return Ok(());
         }
         let maximum = device.limits().max_buffer_size;
@@ -218,18 +364,30 @@ impl GpuSceneCache {
             bytes(&plan.positions)?,
             bytes(&plan.normals)?,
             bytes(&plan.uvs)?,
+            bytes(&plan.tangents)?,
             bytes(&plan.indices)?,
             bytes(&plan.instances)?,
+            bytes(&plan.local_aabbs)?,
+            bytes(&plan.effective_visibility)?,
+            bytes(&plan.draw_metadata)?,
+            bytes(&plan.effective_visibility)?,
+            bytes(&plan.commands)?,
         ];
         let old = [
             self.positions.capacity,
             self.normals.capacity,
             self.uvs.capacity,
+            self.tangents.capacity,
             self.indices.capacity,
             self.instances.capacity,
+            self.local_aabbs.capacity,
+            self.effective_visibility.capacity,
+            self.draw_metadata.capacity,
+            self.frustum_flags.capacity,
+            self.indirect_commands.capacity,
         ];
-        let mut capacities = [0; 5];
+        let mut capacities = [0; 11];
-        for i in 0..5 {
+        for i in 0..11 {
             capacities[i] =
                 required_buffer_capacity(old[i], required[i], maximum).map_err(str::to_owned)?;
         }
@@ -237,18 +395,30 @@ impl GpuSceneCache {
             wgpu::BufferUsages::VERTEX,
             wgpu::BufferUsages::VERTEX,
             wgpu::BufferUsages::VERTEX,
-            wgpu::BufferUsages::INDEX,
             wgpu::BufferUsages::VERTEX,
+            wgpu::BufferUsages::INDEX,
+            wgpu::BufferUsages::VERTEX | wgpu::BufferUsages::STORAGE,
+            wgpu::BufferUsages::STORAGE,
+            wgpu::BufferUsages::STORAGE,
+            wgpu::BufferUsages::STORAGE,
+            wgpu::BufferUsages::STORAGE,
+            wgpu::BufferUsages::STORAGE | wgpu::BufferUsages::INDIRECT,
         ];
         let labels = [
             "scene positions",
             "scene normals",
             "scene uvs",
+            "scene tangents",
             "scene indices",
             "scene instances",
+            "scene local aabbs",
+            "scene effective visibility",
+            "scene draw metadata",
+            "scene frustum flags",
+            "scene indirect commands",
         ];
-        let mut replacements: [Option<wgpu::Buffer>; 5] = Default::default();
+        let mut replacements: [Option<wgpu::Buffer>; 11] = Default::default();
-        for i in 0..5 {
+        for i in 0..11 {
             if capacities[i] != old[i] {
                 replacements[i] = Some(device.create_buffer(&wgpu::BufferDescriptor {
                     label: Some(labels[i]),
@@ -262,8 +432,14 @@ impl GpuSceneCache {
             &mut self.positions,
             &mut self.normals,
             &mut self.uvs,
+            &mut self.tangents,
             &mut self.indices,
             &mut self.instances,
+            &mut self.local_aabbs,
+            &mut self.effective_visibility,
+            &mut self.draw_metadata,
+            &mut self.frustum_flags,
+            &mut self.indirect_commands,
         ];
         for (i, slot) in slots.into_iter().enumerate() {
             if let Some(buffer) = replacements[i].take() {
@@ -275,15 +451,27 @@ impl GpuSceneCache {
             bytemuck::cast_slice(&plan.positions),
             bytemuck::cast_slice(&plan.normals),
             bytemuck::cast_slice(&plan.uvs),
+            bytemuck::cast_slice(&plan.tangents),
             bytemuck::cast_slice(&plan.indices),
             bytemuck::cast_slice(&plan.instances),
+            bytemuck::cast_slice(&plan.local_aabbs),
+            bytemuck::cast_slice(&plan.effective_visibility),
+            bytemuck::cast_slice(&plan.draw_metadata),
+            bytemuck::cast_slice(&plan.effective_visibility),
+            bytemuck::cast_slice(&plan.commands),
         ];
         let slots = [
             &self.positions,
             &self.normals,
             &self.uvs,
+            &self.tangents,
             &self.indices,
             &self.instances,
+            &self.local_aabbs,
+            &self.effective_visibility,
+            &self.draw_metadata,
+            &self.frustum_flags,
+            &self.indirect_commands,
         ];
         for (slot, contents) in slots.into_iter().zip(contents) {
             if !contents.is_empty() {
@@ -295,15 +483,205 @@ impl GpuSceneCache {
             }
         }
         self.draws = plan.draws;
-        self.revision = Some(data.revision());
+        self.rebuild_compute(device)?;
+        self.revision = Some(data.revision);
+        self.query = Some(query);
         Ok(())
     }
+
+    fn rebuild_compute(&mut self, device: &wgpu::Device) -> Result<(), String> {
+        if self.draws.is_empty() {
+            self.compute = None;
+            return Ok(());
+        }
+        let shader = device.create_shader_module(wgpu::ShaderModuleDescriptor {
+            label: Some("scene culling compute"),
+            source: wgpu::ShaderSource::Wgsl(include_str!("culling.wgsl").into()),
+        });
+        let layout = device.create_bind_group_layout(&wgpu::BindGroupLayoutDescriptor {
+            label: Some("scene culling layout"),
+            entries: &(0..7)
+                .map(|binding| wgpu::BindGroupLayoutEntry {
+                    binding,
+                    visibility: wgpu::ShaderStages::COMPUTE,
+                    ty: wgpu::BindingType::Buffer {
+                        ty: if binding == 0 {
+                            wgpu::BufferBindingType::Uniform
+                        } else {
+                            wgpu::BufferBindingType::Storage {
+                                read_only: binding < 5,
+                            }
+                        },
+                        has_dynamic_offset: false,
+                        min_binding_size: None,
+                    },
+                    count: None,
+                })
+                .collect::<Vec<_>>(),
+        });
+        let params = device.create_buffer(&wgpu::BufferDescriptor {
+            label: Some("scene culling params"),
+            size: size_of::<CullingParams>() as u64,
+            usage: wgpu::BufferUsages::UNIFORM | wgpu::BufferUsages::COPY_DST,
+            mapped_at_creation: false,
+        });
+        let buffers = [
+            &self.instances,
+            &self.local_aabbs,
+            &self.effective_visibility,
+            &self.draw_metadata,
+            &self.frustum_flags,
+            &self.indirect_commands,
+        ];
+        let mut entries = vec![wgpu::BindGroupEntry {
+            binding: 0,
+            resource: params.as_entire_binding(),
+        }];
+        for (i, slot) in buffers.iter().enumerate() {
+            entries.push(wgpu::BindGroupEntry {
+                binding: i as u32 + 1,
+                resource: slot
+                    .buffer
+                    .as_ref()
+                    .ok_or("culling buffer absent")?
+                    .as_entire_binding(),
+            });
+        }
+        let bind_group = device.create_bind_group(&wgpu::BindGroupDescriptor {
+            label: Some("scene culling group"),
+            layout: &layout,
+            entries: &entries,
+        });
+        let pipeline_layout = device.create_pipeline_layout(&wgpu::PipelineLayoutDescriptor {
+            label: Some("scene culling pipeline layout"),
+            bind_group_layouts: &[&layout],
+            push_constant_ranges: &[],
+        });
+        let pipeline = |entry| {
+            device.create_compute_pipeline(&wgpu::ComputePipelineDescriptor {
+                label: Some(entry),
+                layout: Some(&pipeline_layout),
+                module: &shader,
+                entry_point: Some(entry),
+                compilation_options: Default::default(),
+                cache: None,
+            })
+        };
+        self.compute = Some(CullingCompute {
+            params,
+            bind_group,
+            frustum_pipeline: pipeline("frustum_cull"),
+            query_pipeline: pipeline("mesh_query"),
+        });
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    pub fn write_culling_params(
+        &self,
+        queue: &wgpu::Queue,
+        planes: Option<[[f32; 4]; 6]>,
+        query: crate::render_graph::MeshQueryRuntimeKeyV2,
+    ) {
+        if let Some(compute) = &self.compute {
+            if let Some(planes) = planes {
+                queue.write_buffer(&compute.params, 0, bytemuck::bytes_of(&planes));
+            }
+            let tail = CullingParams {
+                planes: [[0.0; 4]; 6],
+                count: self.draws.len() as u32,
+                visible_predicate: predicate_code(query.visible),
+                frustum_predicate: predicate_code(query.frustum_culled),
+                _pad: 0,
+            };
+            queue.write_buffer(
+                &compute.params,
+                std::mem::offset_of!(CullingParams, count) as u64,
+                &bytemuck::bytes_of(&tail)[std::mem::offset_of!(CullingParams, count)..],
+            );
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn encode_frustum_cull(
+        &self,
+        encoder: &mut wgpu::CommandEncoder,
+        profile: Option<&mut crate::renderer::profiler::ProfileFrame>,
+        profile_id: &str,
+    ) {
+        let Some(c) = &self.compute else { return };
+        let timestamps = profile.and_then(|p| p.compute_writes(profile_id));
+        let mut pass = encoder.begin_compute_pass(&wgpu::ComputePassDescriptor {
+            label: Some("frustum_cull"),
+            timestamp_writes: timestamps,
+        });
+        pass.set_pipeline(&c.frustum_pipeline);
+        pass.set_bind_group(0, &c.bind_group, &[]);
+        pass.dispatch_workgroups((self.draws.len() as u32 + 63) / 64, 1, 1);
+    }
+    pub(crate) fn encode_mesh_query(
+        &self,
+        encoder: &mut wgpu::CommandEncoder,
+        profile: Option<&mut crate::renderer::profiler::ProfileFrame>,
+        profile_id: &str,
+    ) {
+        let Some(c) = &self.compute else { return };
+        let timestamps = profile.and_then(|p| p.compute_writes(profile_id));
+        let mut pass = encoder.begin_compute_pass(&wgpu::ComputePassDescriptor {
+            label: Some("mesh_query"),
+            timestamp_writes: timestamps,
+        });
+        pass.set_pipeline(&c.query_pipeline);
+        pass.set_bind_group(0, &c.bind_group, &[]);
+        pass.dispatch_workgroups((self.draws.len() as u32 + 63) / 64, 1, 1);
+    }
 }
 
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
     use super::*;
-    use crate::render_data::{MeshCreateInfo, RenderDataConfig, IDENTITY_MODEL_TRANSFORM};
+
+    #[test]
+    fn mesh_query_source_guards_optional_flag_buffer_reads() {
+        let source = include_str!("culling.wgsl");
+        let visible_guard = source.find("if (params.visible_predicate != 0u)").unwrap();
+        let visible_load = source.find("matches(authored_visible[i]").unwrap();
+        let frustum_guard = source.find("if (params.frustum_predicate != 0u)").unwrap();
+        let frustum_load = source.find("matches(frustum_flags[i]").unwrap();
+        assert!(visible_guard < visible_load && frustum_guard < frustum_load);
+        for binding in 0..=6 {
+            assert!(source.contains(&format!("@binding({binding})")));
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn effective_visibility_handles_every_mesh_instance_combination() {
+        use crate::render_graph::TriStatePredicate::{Any, RequiredFalse, RequiredTrue};
+        for (mesh, instance, effective) in [
+            (false, false, false),
+            (false, true, false),
+            (true, false, false),
+            (true, true, true),
+        ] {
+            let flags = |visible| {
+                if visible {
+                    RenderFlags::VISIBLE
+                } else {
+                    RenderFlags::NONE
+                }
+            };
+            assert!(visibility_matches(Any, flags(mesh), flags(instance)));
+            assert_eq!(
+                visibility_matches(RequiredTrue, flags(mesh), flags(instance)),
+                effective
+            );
+            assert_eq!(
+                visibility_matches(RequiredFalse, flags(mesh), flags(instance)),
+                !effective
+            );
+        }
+    }
+    use crate::render_data::{
+        MeshCreateInfo, RenderData, RenderDataConfig, IDENTITY_MODEL_TRANSFORM,
+    };
     #[test]
     fn instance_is_112_bytes_and_padding_is_zero() {
         assert_eq!(size_of::<GpuInstance>(), 112);
@@ -321,6 +699,28 @@ mod tests {
         assert!(required_buffer_capacity(0, 33, 32).is_err());
     }
     #[test]
+    fn mirrored_model_stores_negative_determinant_sign_in_padding() {
+        let mut data = RenderData::new(RenderDataConfig::default()).unwrap();
+        let mut mirrored = IDENTITY_MODEL_TRANSFORM;
+        mirrored[0][0] = -1.0;
+        data.create_mesh(MeshCreateInfo {
+            positions: &[[0., 0., 0.], [1., 0., 0.], [0., 1., 0.]],
+            normals: &[[0., 0., 1.]; 3],
+            tangents: &[[1., 0., 0., 1.]; 3],
+            uvs: &[[0., 0.]; 3],
+            indices: &[0, 1, 2],
+            pipeline: PipelineKey::new(0),
+            material: MaterialKey::DEFAULT,
+            flags: RenderFlags::VISIBLE,
+            default_instance_flags: RenderFlags::VISIBLE,
+            default_transform: mirrored,
+        })
+        .unwrap();
+        let frame = crate::renderer::scene_frame::SceneFramePlan::build(&data).unwrap();
+        let plan = GpuScenePlan::build(&frame).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(plan.instances[0].normal_0[3], -1.0);
+    }
+    #[test]
     fn capacity_reuses_and_layout_matches_shader_contract() {
         assert_eq!(required_buffer_capacity(16, 12, 32), Ok(16));
         assert_eq!(required_buffer_capacity(0, 1, 32), Ok(1));
@@ -330,7 +730,7 @@ mod tests {
                 .iter()
                 .map(|layout| layout.array_stride)
                 .collect::<Vec<_>>(),
-            [12, 12, 8, 112]
+            [12, 12, 8, 112, 16]
         );
         assert_eq!(
             layouts[3]
@@ -342,7 +742,7 @@ mod tests {
         );
     }
     #[test]
-    fn plan_orders_pipelines_skips_hidden_and_uses_local_indices() {
+    fn plan_is_canonical_and_predicate_independent() {
         let mut data = RenderData::new(RenderDataConfig {
             initial_vertices: 0,
             initial_indices: 0,
@@ -359,9 +759,11 @@ mod tests {
             data.create_mesh(MeshCreateInfo {
                 positions: &p,
                 normals: &n,
+                tangents: &[[1., 0., 0., 1.]; 3],
                 uvs: &u,
                 indices: &i,
                 pipeline: PipelineKey::new(pipeline),
+                material: crate::render_data::MaterialKey::DEFAULT,
                 flags: RenderFlags::VISIBLE,
                 default_instance_flags: if visible {
                     RenderFlags::VISIBLE
@@ -377,18 +779,28 @@ mod tests {
         let low = add(2, true);
         data.create_instance(low.mesh, IDENTITY_MODEL_TRANSFORM, RenderFlags::VISIBLE)
             .unwrap();
-        let plan = GpuScenePlan::build(&data).unwrap();
+        let frame = crate::renderer::scene_frame::SceneFramePlan::build(&data).unwrap();
+        let plan = GpuScenePlan::build(&frame).unwrap();
         assert_eq!(
             plan.draws
                 .iter()
                 .map(|d| d.pipeline.get())
                 .collect::<Vec<_>>(),
-            vec![2, 9]
+            vec![0, 2, 2, 9]
         );
         assert_eq!(plan.draws[0].base_vertex, 0);
+        assert!(!plan.draws[0].effective_visible);
         assert_eq!(plan.draws[1].base_vertex, 3);
-        assert_eq!(plan.draws[0].instances, 0..2);
+        assert_eq!(plan.draws[1].instances, 1..2);
-        assert_eq!(plan.indices, [0, 1, 2, 0, 1, 2]);
+        assert_eq!(plan.draws[2].instances, 2..3);
-        assert_eq!(high.mesh, plan.draws[1].mesh);
+        assert_eq!(plan.indices, [0, 1, 2, 0, 1, 2, 0, 1, 2]);
+        assert_eq!(high.mesh, plan.draws[3].mesh);
+        assert_eq!(size_of::<GpuLocalAabb>(), 32);
+        assert_eq!(size_of::<DrawSlotMetadata>(), 16);
+        assert_eq!(size_of::<DrawIndexedIndirect>(), 20);
+        assert!(plan
+            .commands
+            .iter()
+            .all(|command| command.first_instance == 0));
     }
 }

renderer/src/renderer/material.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,597 @@
+use std::collections::HashMap;
+
+use bytemuck::{Pod, Zeroable};
+use image::DynamicImage;
+use wgpu::util::DeviceExt;
+
+use crate::{
+    gltf::{AlphaMode, ImageSource, ImportedScene, Material, SamplerMetadata, TextureReference},
+    render_data::MaterialKey,
+};
+
+const BASE: u32 = 1 << 0;
+const MR: u32 = 1 << 1;
+const NORMAL: u32 = 1 << 2;
+const OCCLUSION: u32 = 1 << 3;
+const EMISSIVE: u32 = 1 << 4;
+
+#[repr(C)]
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Pod, Zeroable)]
+pub struct GpuMaterial {
+    pub base_color_factor: [f32; 4],
+    pub emissive_factor: [f32; 4],
+    pub surface_factors: [f32; 4],
+    pub alpha_optics: [f32; 4],
+    pub flags: [u32; 4],
+    pub uv_sets: [u32; 4],
+    /// Internal shader diagnostics; zero means the normal shaded view.
+    pub debug_extras: [u32; 4],
+}
+
+fn enabled(reference: Option<TextureReference>, bit: u32) -> u32 {
+    reference.filter(|r| r.tex_coord == 0).map_or(0, |_| bit)
+}
+
+impl From<&Material> for GpuMaterial {
+    fn from(value: &Material) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            base_color_factor: value.base_color_factor,
+            emissive_factor: [
+                value.emissive_factor[0],
+                value.emissive_factor[1],
+                value.emissive_factor[2],
+                0.0,
+            ],
+            surface_factors: [
+                value.metallic_factor,
+                value.roughness_factor,
+                value.normal_scale,
+                value.occlusion_strength,
+            ],
+            alpha_optics: [
+                match value.alpha_mode {
+                    AlphaMode::Opaque => 0.0,
+                    AlphaMode::Mask => 1.0,
+                    AlphaMode::Blend => 2.0,
+                },
+                value.alpha_cutoff,
+                value.ior,
+                if value.ior == 0.0 {
+                    1.0
+                } else {
+                    ((value.ior - 1.0) / (value.ior + 1.0)).powi(2)
+                },
+            ],
+            flags: [
+                enabled(value.base_color_texture, BASE)
+                    | enabled(value.metallic_roughness_texture, MR)
+                    | enabled(value.normal_texture, NORMAL)
+                    | enabled(value.occlusion_texture, OCCLUSION)
+                    | enabled(value.emissive_texture, EMISSIVE),
+                u32::from(value.double_sided),
+                0,
+                0,
+            ],
+            uv_sets: [
+                value.base_color_texture.map_or(0, |x| x.tex_coord),
+                value.metallic_roughness_texture.map_or(0, |x| x.tex_coord),
+                value.normal_texture.map_or(0, |x| x.tex_coord),
+                value.occlusion_texture.map_or(0, |x| x.tex_coord),
+            ],
+            debug_extras: [value.emissive_texture.map_or(0, |x| x.tex_coord), 0, 0, 0],
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, thiserror::Error)]
+pub enum MaterialError {
+    #[error("external image sources are unsupported")]
+    ExternalImage,
+    #[error("unsupported image MIME type: {0}")]
+    Mime(String),
+    #[error("image decode failed: {0}")]
+    Decode(#[from] image::ImageError),
+    #[error("invalid texture, image, or sampler index")]
+    InvalidReference,
+    #[error("invalid decoded RGBA image: {0}")]
+    InvalidRgba(&'static str),
+}
+
+pub(super) struct PreparedMaterials {
+    groups: HashMap<MaterialKey, wgpu::BindGroup>,
+    textures: Vec<wgpu::Texture>,
+    views: Vec<[wgpu::TextureView; 2]>,
+    samplers: Vec<wgpu::Sampler>,
+}
+
+pub struct MaterialResources {
+    pub layout: wgpu::BindGroupLayout,
+    groups: HashMap<MaterialKey, wgpu::BindGroup>,
+    fallback: wgpu::BindGroup,
+    fallback_views: Vec<wgpu::TextureView>,
+    fallback_sampler: wgpu::Sampler,
+    textures: Vec<wgpu::Texture>,
+    views: Vec<[wgpu::TextureView; 2]>,
+    samplers: Vec<wgpu::Sampler>,
+    pub asset_epoch: u64,
+}
+
+fn layout_entry(binding: u32, ty: wgpu::BindingType) -> wgpu::BindGroupLayoutEntry {
+    wgpu::BindGroupLayoutEntry {
+        binding,
+        visibility: wgpu::ShaderStages::FRAGMENT,
+        ty,
+        count: None,
+    }
+}
+
+fn upload_rgba(
+    device: &wgpu::Device,
+    queue: &wgpu::Queue,
+    label: &str,
+    width: u32,
+    height: u32,
+    bytes_per_row: u32,
+    rgba: &[u8],
+) -> (wgpu::Texture, [wgpu::TextureView; 2]) {
+    let texture = device.create_texture(&wgpu::TextureDescriptor {
+        label: Some(label),
+        size: wgpu::Extent3d {
+            width,
+            height,
+            depth_or_array_layers: 1,
+        },
+        mip_level_count: 1,
+        sample_count: 1,
+        dimension: wgpu::TextureDimension::D2,
+        format: wgpu::TextureFormat::Rgba8Unorm,
+        usage: wgpu::TextureUsages::TEXTURE_BINDING | wgpu::TextureUsages::COPY_DST,
+        view_formats: &[wgpu::TextureFormat::Rgba8UnormSrgb],
+    });
+    queue.write_texture(
+        texture.as_image_copy(),
+        rgba,
+        wgpu::TexelCopyBufferLayout {
+            offset: 0,
+            bytes_per_row: Some(bytes_per_row),
+            rows_per_image: Some(height),
+        },
+        wgpu::Extent3d {
+            width,
+            height,
+            depth_or_array_layers: 1,
+        },
+    );
+    let linear = texture.create_view(&wgpu::TextureViewDescriptor {
+        format: Some(wgpu::TextureFormat::Rgba8Unorm),
+        ..Default::default()
+    });
+    let srgb = texture.create_view(&wgpu::TextureViewDescriptor {
+        format: Some(wgpu::TextureFormat::Rgba8UnormSrgb),
+        ..Default::default()
+    });
+    (texture, [linear, srgb])
+}
+
+fn normalize_rgba(image: DynamicImage) -> (u32, u32, Vec<u8>) {
+    let rgba = image.into_rgba8();
+    (rgba.width(), rgba.height(), rgba.into_raw())
+}
+
+fn validate_decoded_rgba(
+    width: u32,
+    height: u32,
+    rgba: &[u8],
+    max_dimension: u32,
+) -> Result<u32, MaterialError> {
+    if width == 0 || height == 0 {
+        return Err(MaterialError::InvalidRgba("dimensions must be nonzero"));
+    }
+    if width > max_dimension || height > max_dimension {
+        return Err(MaterialError::InvalidRgba("dimensions exceed device limit"));
+    }
+    let bytes_per_row = width
+        .checked_mul(4)
+        .ok_or(MaterialError::InvalidRgba("row byte count overflows"))?;
+    let total = bytes_per_row
+        .checked_mul(height)
+        .ok_or(MaterialError::InvalidRgba("total byte count overflows"))?;
+    let total = usize::try_from(total)
+        .map_err(|_| MaterialError::InvalidRgba("total byte count exceeds usize"))?;
+    if rgba.len() != total {
+        return Err(MaterialError::InvalidRgba("pixel byte length is not exact"));
+    }
+    Ok(bytes_per_row)
+}
+
+fn slot_uses_srgb(slot: usize) -> bool {
+    matches!(slot, 0 | 4)
+}
+
+fn address(value: &str) -> wgpu::AddressMode {
+    match value {
+        "ClampToEdge" => wgpu::AddressMode::ClampToEdge,
+        "MirroredRepeat" => wgpu::AddressMode::MirrorRepeat,
+        "Repeat" => wgpu::AddressMode::Repeat,
+        _ => unreachable!("gltf crate returned unknown wrap"),
+    }
+}
+
+fn sampler_descriptor(metadata: Option<&SamplerMetadata>) -> wgpu::SamplerDescriptor<'static> {
+    let (mag, min, mip, s, t) = metadata.map_or(
+        (
+            wgpu::FilterMode::Linear,
+            wgpu::FilterMode::Linear,
+            wgpu::FilterMode::Linear,
+            wgpu::AddressMode::Repeat,
+            wgpu::AddressMode::Repeat,
+        ),
+        |m| {
+            let mag = match m.mag_filter.as_deref() {
+                Some("Nearest") => wgpu::FilterMode::Nearest,
+                Some("Linear") | None => wgpu::FilterMode::Linear,
+                _ => unreachable!(),
+            };
+            let (min, mip) = match m.min_filter.as_deref() {
+                Some("Nearest") => (wgpu::FilterMode::Nearest, wgpu::FilterMode::Nearest),
+                Some("Linear") => (wgpu::FilterMode::Linear, wgpu::FilterMode::Nearest),
+                Some("NearestMipmapNearest") => {
+                    (wgpu::FilterMode::Nearest, wgpu::FilterMode::Nearest)
+                }
+                Some("LinearMipmapNearest") => {
+                    (wgpu::FilterMode::Linear, wgpu::FilterMode::Nearest)
+                }
+                Some("NearestMipmapLinear") => {
+                    (wgpu::FilterMode::Nearest, wgpu::FilterMode::Linear)
+                }
+                Some("LinearMipmapLinear") | None => {
+                    (wgpu::FilterMode::Linear, wgpu::FilterMode::Linear)
+                }
+                _ => unreachable!(),
+            };
+            (mag, min, mip, address(&m.wrap_s), address(&m.wrap_t))
+        },
+    );
+    wgpu::SamplerDescriptor {
+        address_mode_u: s,
+        address_mode_v: t,
+        mag_filter: mag,
+        min_filter: min,
+        mipmap_filter: mip,
+        ..Default::default()
+    }
+}
+
+impl MaterialResources {
+    pub fn new(device: &wgpu::Device, queue: &wgpu::Queue) -> Self {
+        let mut entries = vec![layout_entry(
+            0,
+            wgpu::BindingType::Buffer {
+                ty: wgpu::BufferBindingType::Uniform,
+                has_dynamic_offset: false,
+                min_binding_size: wgpu::BufferSize::new(112),
+            },
+        )];
+        for binding in 1..=5 {
+            entries.push(layout_entry(
+                binding,
+                wgpu::BindingType::Texture {
+                    sample_type: wgpu::TextureSampleType::Float { filterable: true },
+                    view_dimension: wgpu::TextureViewDimension::D2,
+                    multisampled: false,
+                },
+            ));
+        }
+        for binding in 6..=10 {
+            entries.push(layout_entry(
+                binding,
+                wgpu::BindingType::Sampler(wgpu::SamplerBindingType::Filtering),
+            ));
+        }
+        let layout = device.create_bind_group_layout(&wgpu::BindGroupLayoutDescriptor {
+            label: Some("glTF material group 2"),
+            entries: &entries,
+        });
+        let colors = [[255, 255, 255, 255], [128, 128, 255, 255], [0, 0, 0, 255]];
+        let mut fallback_textures = Vec::new();
+        let mut fallback_views = Vec::new();
+        for color in colors {
+            let (t, v) = upload_rgba(device, queue, "neutral material texture", 1, 1, 4, &color);
+            fallback_views.push(v[0].clone());
+            fallback_textures.push(t);
+        }
+        let fallback_sampler = device.create_sampler(&sampler_descriptor(None));
+        let fallback = Self::make_group(
+            device,
+            &layout,
+            &Material::default(),
+            [
+                &fallback_views[0],
+                &fallback_views[0],
+                &fallback_views[1],
+                &fallback_views[0],
+                &fallback_views[2],
+            ],
+            [&fallback_sampler; 5],
+        );
+        Self {
+            layout,
+            groups: HashMap::new(),
+            fallback,
+            fallback_views,
+            fallback_sampler,
+            textures: fallback_textures,
+            views: Vec::new(),
+            samplers: Vec::new(),
+            asset_epoch: 0,
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn make_group(
+        device: &wgpu::Device,
+        layout: &wgpu::BindGroupLayout,
+        material: &Material,
+        views: [&wgpu::TextureView; 5],
+        samplers: [&wgpu::Sampler; 5],
+    ) -> wgpu::BindGroup {
+        let uniform = device.create_buffer_init(&wgpu::util::BufferInitDescriptor {
+            label: Some("material uniform"),
+            contents: bytemuck::bytes_of(&GpuMaterial::from(material)),
+            usage: wgpu::BufferUsages::UNIFORM,
+        });
+        let mut entries = vec![wgpu::BindGroupEntry {
+            binding: 0,
+            resource: uniform.as_entire_binding(),
+        }];
+        for (i, view) in views.into_iter().enumerate() {
+            entries.push(wgpu::BindGroupEntry {
+                binding: i as u32 + 1,
+                resource: wgpu::BindingResource::TextureView(view),
+            });
+        }
+        for (i, sampler) in samplers.into_iter().enumerate() {
+            entries.push(wgpu::BindGroupEntry {
+                binding: i as u32 + 6,
+                resource: wgpu::BindingResource::Sampler(sampler),
+            });
+        }
+        device.create_bind_group(&wgpu::BindGroupDescriptor {
+            label: Some("material bind group"),
+            layout,
+            entries: &entries,
+        })
+    }
+
+    pub(super) fn prepare(
+        &self,
+        device: &wgpu::Device,
+        queue: &wgpu::Queue,
+        scene: &ImportedScene,
+    ) -> Result<PreparedMaterials, MaterialError> {
+        let max_dimension = device.limits().max_texture_dimension_2d;
+        let mut textures = Vec::with_capacity(scene.images.len());
+        let mut views = Vec::with_capacity(scene.images.len());
+        for image in &scene.images {
+            if !matches!(image.source, ImageSource::BufferView(_)) {
+                return Err(MaterialError::ExternalImage);
+            }
+            let format = match image.mime_type.as_deref() {
+                Some("image/png") => image::ImageFormat::Png,
+                Some("image/jpeg") => image::ImageFormat::Jpeg,
+                other => return Err(MaterialError::Mime(other.unwrap_or("missing").into())),
+            };
+            let decoded = image::load_from_memory_with_format(&image.encoded_data, format)?;
+            let (width, height, rgba) = normalize_rgba(decoded);
+            let bytes_per_row = validate_decoded_rgba(width, height, &rgba, max_dimension)?;
+            let (texture, image_views) = upload_rgba(
+                device,
+                queue,
+                "glTF embedded image",
+                width,
+                height,
+                bytes_per_row,
+                &rgba,
+            );
+            drop(rgba);
+            textures.push(texture);
+            views.push(image_views);
+        }
+        let mut samplers = Vec::new();
+        for sampler in &scene.samplers {
+            samplers.push(device.create_sampler(&sampler_descriptor(Some(sampler))));
+        }
+        let default_sampler = device.create_sampler(&sampler_descriptor(None));
+        samplers.push(default_sampler);
+        let default_index = samplers.len() - 1;
+        let mut groups = HashMap::new();
+        for material in &scene.materials {
+            let refs = [
+                material.base_color_texture,
+                material.metallic_roughness_texture,
+                material.normal_texture,
+                material.occlusion_texture,
+                material.emissive_texture,
+            ];
+            let mut selected_views = [
+                &self.fallback_views[0],
+                &self.fallback_views[0],
+                &self.fallback_views[1],
+                &self.fallback_views[0],
+                &self.fallback_views[2],
+            ];
+            let mut selected_samplers = [&self.fallback_sampler; 5];
+            for (slot, reference) in refs.into_iter().enumerate() {
+                let Some(reference) = reference.filter(|r| r.tex_coord == 0) else {
+                    continue;
+                };
+                let texture = scene
+                    .textures
+                    .get(reference.texture)
+                    .ok_or(MaterialError::InvalidReference)?;
+                selected_views[slot] = &views
+                    .get(texture.image)
+                    .ok_or(MaterialError::InvalidReference)?[usize::from(slot_uses_srgb(slot))];
+                let sampler_index = texture.sampler.unwrap_or(default_index);
+                selected_samplers[slot] = samplers
+                    .get(sampler_index)
+                    .ok_or(MaterialError::InvalidReference)?;
+            }
+            groups.insert(
+                material.key,
+                Self::make_group(
+                    device,
+                    &self.layout,
+                    material,
+                    selected_views,
+                    selected_samplers,
+                ),
+            );
+        }
+        Ok(PreparedMaterials {
+            groups,
+            textures,
+            views,
+            samplers,
+        })
+    }
+
+    pub(super) fn install(&mut self, prepared: PreparedMaterials, asset_epoch: u64) {
+        self.groups = prepared.groups;
+        self.textures = prepared.textures;
+        self.views = prepared.views;
+        self.samplers = prepared.samplers;
+        self.asset_epoch = asset_epoch;
+    }
+
+    pub fn group(&self, key: MaterialKey) -> &wgpu::BindGroup {
+        self.groups.get(&key).unwrap_or(&self.fallback)
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    fn schlick(f0: f32, cosine: f32) -> f32 {
+        f0 + (1.0 - f0) * (1.0 - cosine.clamp(0.0, 1.0)).powi(5)
+    }
+
+    fn ggx_d(n_h: f32, alpha: f32) -> f32 {
+        let n_h = n_h.clamp(0.0, 1.0);
+        let alpha2 = alpha * alpha;
+        let n_h2 = n_h * n_h;
+        let q = (1.0 - n_h2) + alpha2 * n_h2;
+        alpha2 / (std::f32::consts::PI * q * q)
+    }
+
+    fn smith_v(n_v: f32, n_l: f32, alpha: f32) -> f32 {
+        let alpha2 = alpha * alpha;
+        let gv = n_l * (n_v * n_v * (1.0 - alpha2) + alpha2).max(0.0).sqrt();
+        let gl = n_v * (n_l * n_l * (1.0 - alpha2) + alpha2).max(0.0).sqrt();
+        0.5 / (gv + gl).max(1e-6)
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn pbr_reference_equations_have_known_limits_and_stay_finite() {
+        assert!((schlick(0.04, 1.0) - 0.04).abs() < 1e-6);
+        assert!((schlick(0.04, 0.0) - 1.0).abs() < 1e-6);
+        assert!((ggx_d(0.0, 1.0) - std::f32::consts::FRAC_1_PI).abs() < 1e-6);
+        let expected_quarter = 16.0 / std::f32::consts::PI;
+        for actual in [ggx_d(1.0, 0.25), ggx_d(1.0 + f32::EPSILON, 0.25)] {
+            assert!((actual - expected_quarter).abs() / expected_quarter < 1e-6);
+        }
+        for value in [ggx_d(1.0, 0.045 * 0.045), smith_v(0.0, 0.0, 0.002025)] {
+            assert!(value.is_finite() && value >= 0.0);
+        }
+        let roughness_floor_peak = ggx_d(1.0, 0.045 * 0.045);
+        let expected = 1.0 / (std::f32::consts::PI * 0.045_f32.powi(4));
+        assert!((roughness_floor_peak - expected).abs() / expected < 1e-6);
+        assert!((roughness_floor_peak - 77_624.0).abs() / 77_624.0 < 1e-4);
+    }
+    #[test]
+    fn material_uniform_is_112_bytes() {
+        assert_eq!(std::mem::size_of::<GpuMaterial>(), 112);
+    }
+    #[test]
+    fn texcoord_one_disables_slot() {
+        let mut m = Material::default();
+        m.base_color_texture = Some(TextureReference {
+            texture: 0,
+            tex_coord: 1,
+        });
+        assert_eq!(GpuMaterial::from(&m).flags[0] & BASE, 0);
+    }
+    #[test]
+    fn material_packing_includes_ior_f0_flags_and_uv_sets() {
+        let mut m = Material::default();
+        m.ior = 2.0;
+        m.double_sided = true;
+        m.normal_texture = Some(TextureReference {
+            texture: 4,
+            tex_coord: 0,
+        });
+        let gpu = GpuMaterial::from(&m);
+        assert_eq!(gpu.alpha_optics[2], 2.0);
+        assert!((gpu.alpha_optics[3] - 1.0 / 9.0).abs() < 1e-6);
+        assert_eq!(gpu.flags[0] & NORMAL, NORMAL);
+        assert_eq!(gpu.flags[1], 1);
+        assert_eq!(gpu.uv_sets[2], 0);
+    }
+    #[test]
+    fn explicit_ior_sentinel_packs_unit_f0() {
+        let mut material = Material::default();
+        material.ior = 0.0;
+        let gpu = GpuMaterial::from(&material);
+        assert_eq!(gpu.alpha_optics[2], 0.0);
+        assert_eq!(gpu.alpha_optics[3], 1.0);
+    }
+    #[test]
+    fn sampler_translation_is_exact() {
+        let m = SamplerMetadata {
+            index: 0,
+            mag_filter: Some("Nearest".into()),
+            min_filter: Some("LinearMipmapNearest".into()),
+            wrap_s: "ClampToEdge".into(),
+            wrap_t: "MirroredRepeat".into(),
+        };
+        let d = sampler_descriptor(Some(&m));
+        assert_eq!(d.mag_filter, wgpu::FilterMode::Nearest);
+        assert_eq!(d.min_filter, wgpu::FilterMode::Linear);
+        assert_eq!(d.mipmap_filter, wgpu::FilterMode::Nearest);
+        assert_eq!(d.address_mode_u, wgpu::AddressMode::ClampToEdge);
+        assert_eq!(d.address_mode_v, wgpu::AddressMode::MirrorRepeat);
+    }
+    #[test]
+    fn rgb_and_luma_normalize_to_rgba() {
+        let (_, _, rgb) = normalize_rgba(DynamicImage::ImageRgb8(
+            image::RgbImage::from_raw(1, 1, vec![1, 2, 3]).unwrap(),
+        ));
+        assert_eq!(rgb, [1, 2, 3, 255]);
+        let (_, _, luma) = normalize_rgba(DynamicImage::ImageLuma8(
+            image::GrayImage::from_raw(1, 1, vec![7]).unwrap(),
+        ));
+        assert_eq!(luma, [7, 7, 7, 255]);
+    }
+    #[test]
+    fn odd_width_layout_is_tight() {
+        let width = 3;
+        assert_eq!(width * 4, 12);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn decoded_rgba_validation_rejects_dimensions_overflow_and_wrong_length() {
+        assert!(validate_decoded_rgba(0, 1, &[], 4096).is_err());
+        assert!(validate_decoded_rgba(4097, 1, &[], 4096).is_err());
+        assert!(validate_decoded_rgba(u32::MAX, 2, &[], u32::MAX).is_err());
+        assert!(validate_decoded_rgba(2, 2, &[0; 15], 4096).is_err());
+        assert_eq!(validate_decoded_rgba(3, 2, &[0; 24], 4096).unwrap(), 12);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn only_color_roles_use_srgb_views() {
+        assert_eq!(
+            (0..5).map(slot_uses_srgb).collect::<Vec<_>>(),
+            [true, false, false, false, true]
+        );
+    }
+}

renderer/src/renderer/pipeline_library.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,575 @@
+use std::{collections::HashMap, num::NonZeroU32};
+
+use crate::render_data::PipelineKey;
+
+use super::DEPTH_FORMAT;
+
+/// Identity of a set of bind-group layouts registered with this library.
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Hash, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub struct PipelineLayoutKey(u64);
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Hash, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub struct OwnedVertexBufferLayout {
+    pub array_stride: u64,
+    pub step_mode: wgpu::VertexStepMode,
+    pub attributes: Vec<wgpu::VertexAttribute>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+pub struct OwnedProgrammableStage {
+    pub shader_source: String,
+    pub entry_point: String,
+    pub constants: Vec<(String, f64)>,
+    pub zero_initialize_workgroup_memory: bool,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+pub struct RenderPipelineSpec {
+    pub layout: Option<PipelineLayoutKey>,
+    pub vertex: OwnedProgrammableStage,
+    pub vertex_layouts: Vec<OwnedVertexBufferLayout>,
+    pub fragment: Option<OwnedProgrammableStage>,
+    pub primitive: wgpu::PrimitiveState,
+    pub depth_stencil: Option<wgpu::DepthStencilState>,
+    pub multisample: wgpu::MultisampleState,
+    pub targets: Vec<Option<wgpu::ColorTargetState>>,
+    pub multiview: Option<NonZeroU32>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Hash, PartialEq, Eq)]
+struct StageKey {
+    shader_source: String,
+    entry_point: String,
+    constants: Vec<(String, u64)>,
+    zero_initialize_workgroup_memory: bool,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Hash, PartialEq, Eq)]
+struct RenderPipelineKey {
+    layout: Option<PipelineLayoutKey>,
+    vertex: StageKey,
+    vertex_layouts: Vec<OwnedVertexBufferLayout>,
+    fragment: Option<StageKey>,
+    primitive: wgpu::PrimitiveState,
+    depth_stencil: Option<wgpu::DepthStencilState>,
+    multisample: wgpu::MultisampleState,
+    targets: Vec<Option<wgpu::ColorTargetState>>,
+    multiview: Option<NonZeroU32>,
+}
+
+impl StageKey {
+    fn from_stage(stage: &OwnedProgrammableStage) -> Self {
+        let mut constants: Vec<_> = stage
+            .constants
+            .iter()
+            .map(|(name, value)| (name.clone(), value.to_bits()))
+            .collect();
+        constants.sort_by(|a, b| a.0.cmp(&b.0));
+        Self {
+            shader_source: stage.shader_source.clone(),
+            entry_point: stage.entry_point.clone(),
+            constants,
+            zero_initialize_workgroup_memory: stage.zero_initialize_workgroup_memory,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl RenderPipelineSpec {
+    fn key(&self) -> RenderPipelineKey {
+        RenderPipelineKey {
+            layout: self.layout,
+            vertex: StageKey::from_stage(&self.vertex),
+            vertex_layouts: self.vertex_layouts.clone(),
+            fragment: self.fragment.as_ref().map(StageKey::from_stage),
+            primitive: self.primitive,
+            depth_stencil: self.depth_stencil.clone(),
+            multisample: self.multisample,
+            targets: self.targets.clone(),
+            multiview: self.multiview,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+fn target_variant_spec(
+    mut spec: RenderPipelineSpec,
+    color_format: wgpu::TextureFormat,
+    depth_format: Option<wgpu::TextureFormat>,
+    depth_compare: wgpu::CompareFunction,
+    depth_write: bool,
+) -> RenderPipelineSpec {
+    spec.targets = vec![Some(wgpu::ColorTargetState {
+        format: color_format,
+        blend: None,
+        write_mask: wgpu::ColorWrites::ALL,
+    })];
+    spec.depth_stencil = depth_format.map(|format| wgpu::DepthStencilState {
+        format,
+        depth_write_enabled: depth_write,
+        depth_compare,
+        stencil: Default::default(),
+        bias: Default::default(),
+    });
+    spec
+}
+
+pub struct PipelineLibrary {
+    pipelines: Vec<wgpu::RenderPipeline>,
+    specs: Vec<RenderPipelineSpec>,
+    layout_bindings: HashMap<PipelineLayoutKey, Vec<wgpu::BindGroupLayout>>,
+    pipeline_layouts: HashMap<PipelineLayoutKey, wgpu::PipelineLayout>,
+    default_layout: Option<PipelineLayoutKey>,
+    material_layout: Option<PipelineLayoutKey>,
+    next_layout: u64,
+    pipeline_registry: HashMap<String, (PipelineKey, RenderPipelineKey)>,
+    descriptor_cache: HashMap<RenderPipelineKey, PipelineKey>,
+}
+
+impl PipelineLibrary {
+    pub fn new() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            pipelines: Vec::new(),
+            specs: Vec::new(),
+            layout_bindings: HashMap::new(),
+            pipeline_layouts: HashMap::new(),
+            default_layout: None,
+            material_layout: None,
+            next_layout: 0,
+            pipeline_registry: HashMap::new(),
+            descriptor_cache: HashMap::new(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Registers a new default layout identity. Existing pipelines retain their layout.
+    pub fn set_bind_group_layouts(
+        &mut self,
+        layouts: &[wgpu::BindGroupLayout; 2],
+    ) -> PipelineLayoutKey {
+        let key = PipelineLayoutKey(self.next_layout);
+        self.next_layout = self
+            .next_layout
+            .checked_add(1)
+            .expect("pipeline layout key overflow");
+        self.layout_bindings.insert(key, layouts.to_vec());
+        self.default_layout = Some(key);
+        key
+    }
+
+    /// Registers the glTF-only layout, preserving scene groups at 0 and 1.
+    pub fn set_material_bind_group_layout(&mut self, layout: &wgpu::BindGroupLayout) {
+        let base = self
+            .default_layout
+            .expect("scene layouts must be registered first");
+        let mut layouts = self.layout_bindings[&base].clone();
+        layouts.push(layout.clone());
+        let key = PipelineLayoutKey(self.next_layout);
+        self.next_layout += 1;
+        self.layout_bindings.insert(key, layouts);
+        self.material_layout = Some(key);
+    }
+
+    fn compatibility_spec(
+        &self,
+        name: &str,
+        layouts: &[wgpu::VertexBufferLayout],
+        shader: &str,
+        format: wgpu::TextureFormat,
+    ) -> RenderPipelineSpec {
+        let (vertex_entry, fragment_entry) = if name == "triangle_colored" {
+            ("v_main", "f_main")
+        } else {
+            ("vs_main", "fs_main")
+        };
+        let stage = |entry: &str| OwnedProgrammableStage {
+            shader_source: shader.to_owned(),
+            entry_point: entry.to_owned(),
+            constants: Vec::new(),
+            zero_initialize_workgroup_memory: true,
+        };
+        RenderPipelineSpec {
+            layout: if name.starts_with("gltf_") {
+                self.material_layout.or(self.default_layout)
+            } else {
+                self.default_layout
+            },
+            vertex: stage(vertex_entry),
+            vertex_layouts: layouts
+                .iter()
+                .map(|layout| OwnedVertexBufferLayout {
+                    array_stride: layout.array_stride,
+                    step_mode: layout.step_mode,
+                    attributes: layout.attributes.to_vec(),
+                })
+                .collect(),
+            fragment: Some(stage(fragment_entry)),
+            primitive: wgpu::PrimitiveState {
+                cull_mode: (name != "gltf_standard_double_sided").then_some(wgpu::Face::Back),
+                ..Default::default()
+            },
+            depth_stencil: Some(wgpu::DepthStencilState {
+                format: DEPTH_FORMAT,
+                depth_write_enabled: true,
+                depth_compare: wgpu::CompareFunction::LessEqual,
+                stencil: Default::default(),
+                bias: Default::default(),
+            }),
+            multisample: Default::default(),
+            targets: vec![Some(wgpu::ColorTargetState {
+                format,
+                blend: Some(wgpu::BlendState::REPLACE),
+                write_mask: wgpu::ColorWrites::ALL,
+            })],
+            multiview: None,
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Creates or reuses a pipeline solely by its owned descriptor identity.
+    pub fn get_or_create_from_spec(
+        &mut self,
+        device: &wgpu::Device,
+        spec: &RenderPipelineSpec,
+        label: Option<&str>,
+    ) -> PipelineKey {
+        let key = spec.key();
+        if let Some(pipeline) = self.descriptor_cache.get(&key) {
+            return *pipeline;
+        }
+        let vertex_shader = device.create_shader_module(wgpu::ShaderModuleDescriptor {
+            label,
+            source: wgpu::ShaderSource::Wgsl(spec.vertex.shader_source.as_str().into()),
+        });
+        let fragment_shader = spec.fragment.as_ref().map(|stage| {
+            device.create_shader_module(wgpu::ShaderModuleDescriptor {
+                label,
+                source: wgpu::ShaderSource::Wgsl(stage.shader_source.as_str().into()),
+            })
+        });
+        let vertex_constants: Vec<_> = spec
+            .vertex
+            .constants
+            .iter()
+            .map(|(name, value)| (name.as_str(), *value))
+            .collect();
+        let fragment_constants: Option<Vec<_>> = spec.fragment.as_ref().map(|stage| {
+            stage
+                .constants
+                .iter()
+                .map(|(name, value)| (name.as_str(), *value))
+                .collect()
+        });
+        let vertex_layouts: Vec<_> = spec
+            .vertex_layouts
+            .iter()
+            .map(|layout| wgpu::VertexBufferLayout {
+                array_stride: layout.array_stride,
+                step_mode: layout.step_mode,
+                attributes: &layout.attributes,
+            })
+            .collect();
+        let layout = spec.layout.map(|layout_key| {
+            if !self.pipeline_layouts.contains_key(&layout_key) {
+                let bindings = self
+                    .layout_bindings
+                    .get(&layout_key)
+                    .unwrap_or_else(|| panic!("unregistered pipeline layout key {layout_key:?}"));
+                let refs: Vec<_> = bindings.iter().collect();
+                self.pipeline_layouts.insert(
+                    layout_key,
+                    device.create_pipeline_layout(&wgpu::PipelineLayoutDescriptor {
+                        label,
+                        bind_group_layouts: &refs,
+                        push_constant_ranges: &[],
+                    }),
+                );
+            }
+            self.pipeline_layouts.get(&layout_key).unwrap()
+        });
+        let fragment = spec.fragment.as_ref().map(|stage| wgpu::FragmentState {
+            module: fragment_shader.as_ref().unwrap(),
+            entry_point: Some(&stage.entry_point),
+            compilation_options: wgpu::PipelineCompilationOptions {
+                constants: fragment_constants.as_ref().unwrap(),
+                zero_initialize_workgroup_memory: stage.zero_initialize_workgroup_memory,
+            },
+            targets: &spec.targets,
+        });
+        let pipeline = device.create_render_pipeline(&wgpu::RenderPipelineDescriptor {
+            label,
+            layout,
+            vertex: wgpu::VertexState {
+                module: &vertex_shader,
+                entry_point: Some(&spec.vertex.entry_point),
+                compilation_options: wgpu::PipelineCompilationOptions {
+                    constants: &vertex_constants,
+                    zero_initialize_workgroup_memory: spec.vertex.zero_initialize_workgroup_memory,
+                },
+                buffers: &vertex_layouts,
+            },
+            primitive: spec.primitive,
+            depth_stencil: spec.depth_stencil.clone(),
+            multisample: spec.multisample,
+            fragment,
+            multiview: spec.multiview,
+            cache: None,
+        });
+        let pipeline_key = PipelineKey::new(self.pipelines.len() as u32);
+        self.pipelines.push(pipeline);
+        self.specs.push(spec.clone());
+        self.descriptor_cache.insert(key, pipeline_key);
+        pipeline_key
+    }
+
+    pub fn create_pipeline(
+        &mut self,
+        device: &wgpu::Device,
+        name: &str,
+        layouts: &[wgpu::VertexBufferLayout],
+        shader: &str,
+        format: wgpu::TextureFormat,
+    ) -> Result<PipelineKey, String> {
+        let spec = self.compatibility_spec(name, layouts, shader, format);
+        let descriptor = spec.key();
+        if let Some((_, existing)) = self.pipeline_registry.get(name) {
+            return Err(if existing == &descriptor {
+                format!("Pipeline '{name}' already exists")
+            } else {
+                format!("Pipeline '{name}' already exists with a different descriptor")
+            });
+        }
+        let key = self.get_or_create_from_spec(device, &spec, Some(name));
+        self.pipeline_registry
+            .insert(name.to_owned(), (key, descriptor));
+        Ok(key)
+    }
+
+    pub fn find_pipeline(&self, name: &str) -> Option<PipelineKey> {
+        self.pipeline_registry.get(name).map(|v| v.0)
+    }
+    pub fn get_or_create_pipeline(
+        &mut self,
+        device: &wgpu::Device,
+        name: &str,
+        layouts: &[wgpu::VertexBufferLayout],
+        shader: &str,
+        format: wgpu::TextureFormat,
+    ) -> PipelineKey {
+        let wanted = self.compatibility_spec(name, layouts, shader, format).key();
+        if let Some((key, existing)) = self.pipeline_registry.get(name) {
+            assert_eq!(
+                existing, &wanted,
+                "Pipeline '{name}' requested with a different descriptor"
+            );
+            return *key;
+        }
+        self.create_pipeline(device, name, layouts, shader, format)
+            .unwrap_or_else(|e| panic!("Failed to create pipeline '{name}': {e}"))
+    }
+    pub fn get_pipeline(&self, key: PipelineKey) -> &wgpu::RenderPipeline {
+        &self.pipelines[key.get() as usize]
+    }
+
+    pub fn requires_material(&self, key: PipelineKey) -> bool {
+        self.material_layout.is_some()
+            && self.specs[key.get() as usize].layout == self.material_layout
+    }
+
+    pub fn pipeline_keys(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = PipelineKey> + '_ {
+        let mut keys = self
+            .pipeline_registry
+            .values()
+            .map(|entry| entry.0)
+            .collect::<Vec<_>>();
+        keys.sort_by_key(|key| key.get());
+        keys.dedup();
+        keys.into_iter()
+    }
+
+    pub fn get_or_create_target_variant(
+        &mut self,
+        device: &wgpu::Device,
+        base: PipelineKey,
+        color_format: wgpu::TextureFormat,
+        depth_format: Option<wgpu::TextureFormat>,
+        depth_compare: wgpu::CompareFunction,
+        depth_write: bool,
+    ) -> Result<PipelineKey, String> {
+        let spec = self
+            .specs
+            .get(base.get() as usize)
+            .cloned()
+            .ok_or_else(|| "unknown base pipeline".to_owned())?;
+        let spec =
+            target_variant_spec(spec, color_format, depth_format, depth_compare, depth_write);
+        Ok(self.get_or_create_from_spec(device, &spec, Some("target variant")))
+    }
+
+    pub fn create_target_variant(
+        &self,
+        device: &wgpu::Device,
+        base: PipelineKey,
+        color_format: wgpu::TextureFormat,
+        depth_format: Option<wgpu::TextureFormat>,
+        depth_compare: wgpu::CompareFunction,
+        depth_write: bool,
+    ) -> Result<wgpu::RenderPipeline, String> {
+        let spec = self
+            .specs
+            .get(base.get() as usize)
+            .cloned()
+            .ok_or_else(|| "unknown base pipeline".to_owned())?;
+        let spec =
+            target_variant_spec(spec, color_format, depth_format, depth_compare, depth_write);
+        let vertex_shader = device.create_shader_module(wgpu::ShaderModuleDescriptor {
+            label: Some("V2 target variant"),
+            source: wgpu::ShaderSource::Wgsl(spec.vertex.shader_source.as_str().into()),
+        });
+        let fragment_shader = spec.fragment.as_ref().map(|stage| {
+            device.create_shader_module(wgpu::ShaderModuleDescriptor {
+                label: Some("V2 target variant"),
+                source: wgpu::ShaderSource::Wgsl(stage.shader_source.as_str().into()),
+            })
+        });
+        let vertex_constants: Vec<_> = spec
+            .vertex
+            .constants
+            .iter()
+            .map(|(name, value)| (name.as_str(), *value))
+            .collect();
+        let fragment_constants: Option<Vec<_>> = spec.fragment.as_ref().map(|stage| {
+            stage
+                .constants
+                .iter()
+                .map(|(name, value)| (name.as_str(), *value))
+                .collect()
+        });
+        let vertex_layouts: Vec<_> = spec
+            .vertex_layouts
+            .iter()
+            .map(|layout| wgpu::VertexBufferLayout {
+                array_stride: layout.array_stride,
+                step_mode: layout.step_mode,
+                attributes: &layout.attributes,
+            })
+            .collect();
+        let layout = spec
+            .layout
+            .map(|key| {
+                self.pipeline_layouts
+                    .get(&key)
+                    .ok_or("pipeline layout missing")
+            })
+            .transpose()?;
+        let fragment = spec.fragment.as_ref().map(|stage| wgpu::FragmentState {
+            module: fragment_shader.as_ref().unwrap(),
+            entry_point: Some(&stage.entry_point),
+            compilation_options: wgpu::PipelineCompilationOptions {
+                constants: fragment_constants.as_ref().unwrap(),
+                zero_initialize_workgroup_memory: stage.zero_initialize_workgroup_memory,
+            },
+            targets: &spec.targets,
+        });
+        Ok(
+            device.create_render_pipeline(&wgpu::RenderPipelineDescriptor {
+                label: Some("V2 target variant"),
+                layout,
+                vertex: wgpu::VertexState {
+                    module: &vertex_shader,
+                    entry_point: Some(&spec.vertex.entry_point),
+                    compilation_options: wgpu::PipelineCompilationOptions {
+                        constants: &vertex_constants,
+                        zero_initialize_workgroup_memory: spec
+                            .vertex
+                            .zero_initialize_workgroup_memory,
+                    },
+                    buffers: &vertex_layouts,
+                },
+                primitive: spec.primitive,
+                depth_stencil: spec.depth_stencil,
+                multisample: spec.multisample,
+                fragment,
+                multiview: spec.multiview,
+                cache: None,
+            }),
+        )
+    }
+}
+
+impl Default for PipelineLibrary {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self::new()
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    fn spec() -> RenderPipelineSpec {
+        PipelineLibrary::new().compatibility_spec(
+            "x",
+            &[],
+            "shader",
+            wgpu::TextureFormat::Rgba8Unorm,
+        )
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn v2_target_spec_disables_blending_without_mutating_base() {
+        let mut base = spec();
+        base.primitive.cull_mode = Some(wgpu::Face::Front);
+        base.multisample.count = 4;
+        base.targets[0].as_mut().unwrap().write_mask = wgpu::ColorWrites::RED;
+        let preserved_vertex = StageKey::from_stage(&base.vertex);
+        let preserved_fragment = base.fragment.as_ref().map(StageKey::from_stage);
+        assert!(base.targets[0].as_ref().unwrap().blend.is_some());
+        let variant = target_variant_spec(
+            base.clone(),
+            wgpu::TextureFormat::Rgba16Float,
+            None,
+            wgpu::CompareFunction::Always,
+            false,
+        );
+        assert_eq!(variant.targets[0].as_ref().unwrap().blend, None);
+        assert_eq!(
+            variant.targets[0].as_ref().unwrap().format,
+            wgpu::TextureFormat::Rgba16Float
+        );
+        assert!(base.targets[0].as_ref().unwrap().blend.is_some());
+        assert_eq!(variant.primitive, base.primitive);
+        assert_eq!(variant.multisample, base.multisample);
+        assert_eq!(StageKey::from_stage(&variant.vertex), preserved_vertex);
+        assert_eq!(
+            variant.fragment.as_ref().map(StageKey::from_stage),
+            preserved_fragment
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            variant.targets[0].as_ref().unwrap().write_mask,
+            wgpu::ColorWrites::ALL
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn descriptor_identity_covers_optional_and_exact_state() {
+        let base = spec().key();
+        let mut changed = spec();
+        changed.layout = Some(PipelineLayoutKey(1));
+        assert_ne!(base, changed.key());
+        let first_layout = changed.key();
+        changed.layout = Some(PipelineLayoutKey(2));
+        assert_ne!(first_layout, changed.key());
+        let mut changed = spec();
+        changed.fragment = None;
+        assert_ne!(base, changed.key());
+        let mut changed = spec();
+        changed.multiview = NonZeroU32::new(2);
+        assert_ne!(base, changed.key());
+        let mut changed = spec();
+        changed.vertex.constants.push(("x".into(), -0.0));
+        assert_ne!(base, changed.key());
+        let mut changed2 = changed.clone();
+        changed2.vertex.constants[0].1 = 0.0;
+        assert_ne!(changed.key(), changed2.key());
+        let mut changed = spec();
+        changed.vertex.zero_initialize_workgroup_memory = false;
+        assert_ne!(base, changed.key());
+    }
+}

renderer/src/renderer/profiler.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,526 @@
+use std::{
+    collections::{HashMap, VecDeque},
+    sync::{Arc, Mutex},
+};
+use wasm_bindgen::JsValue;
+
+pub const MAX_PROFILE_PASSES: usize = crate::render_graph::MAX_PASSES;
+const SLOT_COUNT: usize = 4;
+const QUERY_COUNT: u32 = (MAX_PROFILE_PASSES * 2) as u32;
+const RESOLVE_SIZE: u64 = QUERY_COUNT as u64 * 8;
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
+enum SlotState {
+    Free,
+    Encoding,
+    Mapping,
+}
+
+struct Slot {
+    queries: wgpu::QuerySet,
+    resolve: wgpu::Buffer,
+    read: wgpu::Buffer,
+    state: SlotState,
+}
+struct Completion {
+    slot: usize,
+    epoch: u64,
+    ids: Vec<String>,
+    values: Option<Vec<u64>>,
+}
+
+pub(crate) struct ProfileFrame {
+    pub query_set: wgpu::QuerySet,
+    slot: usize,
+    identity: String,
+    ids: Vec<String>,
+    invalid: bool,
+}
+pub(crate) struct ProfileMap {
+    slot: usize,
+    epoch: u64,
+    ids: Vec<String>,
+    count: u32,
+}
+impl ProfileFrame {
+    fn allocate(&mut self, id: &str) -> Option<u32> {
+        allocate_id(&mut self.ids, &mut self.invalid, id)
+    }
+    pub fn render_writes(&mut self, id: &str) -> Option<wgpu::RenderPassTimestampWrites<'_>> {
+        let first = self.allocate(id)?;
+        Some(wgpu::RenderPassTimestampWrites {
+            query_set: &self.query_set,
+            beginning_of_pass_write_index: Some(first),
+            end_of_pass_write_index: Some(first + 1),
+        })
+    }
+    pub fn compute_writes(&mut self, id: &str) -> Option<wgpu::ComputePassTimestampWrites<'_>> {
+        let first = self.allocate(id)?;
+        Some(wgpu::ComputePassTimestampWrites {
+            query_set: &self.query_set,
+            beginning_of_pass_write_index: Some(first),
+            end_of_pass_write_index: Some(first + 1),
+        })
+    }
+}
+
+pub(crate) struct Profiler {
+    enabled: bool,
+    available: bool,
+    slots: Vec<Slot>,
+    completions: Arc<Mutex<Vec<Completion>>>,
+    epoch: u64,
+    identity: String,
+    period_ns: f64,
+    samples: HashMap<String, VecDeque<(f64, f64)>>,
+    last_snapshot_ms: f64,
+    dropped: u64,
+}
+
+impl Profiler {
+    pub fn requested_features(requested: bool, supported: wgpu::Features) -> wgpu::Features {
+        if requested && supported.contains(wgpu::Features::TIMESTAMP_QUERY) {
+            wgpu::Features::TIMESTAMP_QUERY
+        } else {
+            wgpu::Features::empty()
+        }
+    }
+    pub async fn new(requested: bool, device: &wgpu::Device, queue: &wgpu::Queue) -> Self {
+        let available = requested && device.features().contains(wgpu::Features::TIMESTAMP_QUERY);
+        let mut slots = Vec::new();
+        if available {
+            device.push_error_scope(wgpu::ErrorFilter::OutOfMemory);
+            device.push_error_scope(wgpu::ErrorFilter::Validation);
+            for _ in 0..SLOT_COUNT {
+                let queries = device.create_query_set(&wgpu::QuerySetDescriptor {
+                    label: Some("profile timestamps"),
+                    ty: wgpu::QueryType::Timestamp,
+                    count: QUERY_COUNT,
+                });
+                let resolve = device.create_buffer(&wgpu::BufferDescriptor {
+                    label: Some("profile resolve"),
+                    size: RESOLVE_SIZE,
+                    usage: wgpu::BufferUsages::QUERY_RESOLVE | wgpu::BufferUsages::COPY_SRC,
+                    mapped_at_creation: false,
+                });
+                let read = device.create_buffer(&wgpu::BufferDescriptor {
+                    label: Some("profile readback"),
+                    size: RESOLVE_SIZE,
+                    usage: wgpu::BufferUsages::COPY_DST | wgpu::BufferUsages::MAP_READ,
+                    mapped_at_creation: false,
+                });
+                slots.push(Slot {
+                    queries,
+                    resolve,
+                    read,
+                    state: SlotState::Free,
+                });
+            }
+        }
+        let allocation_failed = if available {
+            // Pop both scopes before yielding: WebGPU's scope stack must be unwound
+            // synchronously, even though completion of each pop is asynchronous.
+            let validation = device.pop_error_scope();
+            let oom = device.pop_error_scope();
+            let (validation, oom) = futures::join!(validation, oom);
+            validation.is_some() || oom.is_some()
+        } else {
+            false
+        };
+        if allocation_failed {
+            slots.clear();
+        }
+        Self {
+            enabled: requested,
+            available: available && !allocation_failed,
+            slots,
+            completions: Default::default(),
+            epoch: 0,
+            identity: String::new(),
+            period_ns: queue.get_timestamp_period() as f64,
+            samples: Default::default(),
+            last_snapshot_ms: 0.0,
+            dropped: 0,
+        }
+    }
+    pub fn begin(&mut self, identity: impl FnOnce() -> String) -> Option<ProfileFrame> {
+        self.drain();
+        let Some((slot, identity)) = profile_gate(self.enabled, self.available, || {
+            begin_transition(self.slots.iter_mut().map(|slot| &mut slot.state))
+                .map(|slot| (slot, identity()))
+        }) else {
+            if self.enabled && self.available {
+                self.dropped += 1;
+            }
+            return None;
+        };
+        Some(ProfileFrame {
+            query_set: self.slots[slot].queries.clone(),
+            slot,
+            identity,
+            ids: Vec::new(),
+            invalid: false,
+        })
+    }
+    pub fn cancel(&mut self, frame: ProfileFrame) {
+        cancel_state(&mut self.slots[frame.slot].state);
+    }
+    pub fn finish(
+        &mut self,
+        encoder: &mut wgpu::CommandEncoder,
+        frame: ProfileFrame,
+    ) -> Option<ProfileMap> {
+        let count = match finish_transition(
+            &mut self.slots[frame.slot].state,
+            frame.invalid,
+            frame.ids.len(),
+        ) {
+            FinishAction::Cancel => return None,
+            FinishAction::Resolve(count) => count,
+        };
+        if frame.identity != self.identity {
+            self.identity = frame.identity;
+            self.epoch = self.epoch.wrapping_add(1);
+            self.samples.clear();
+        }
+        let slot = frame.slot;
+        let epoch = self.epoch;
+        let ids = frame.ids;
+        encoder.resolve_query_set(
+            &self.slots[slot].queries,
+            0..count,
+            &self.slots[slot].resolve,
+            0,
+        );
+        encoder.copy_buffer_to_buffer(
+            &self.slots[slot].resolve,
+            0,
+            &self.slots[slot].read,
+            0,
+            count as u64 * 8,
+        );
+        Some(ProfileMap {
+            slot,
+            epoch,
+            ids,
+            count,
+        })
+    }
+    pub fn map(&mut self, request: ProfileMap) {
+        let ProfileMap {
+            slot,
+            epoch,
+            ids,
+            count,
+        } = request;
+        self.slots[slot].state = SlotState::Mapping;
+        let buffer = self.slots[slot].read.clone();
+        let completions = self.completions.clone();
+        buffer
+            .clone()
+            .slice(..count as u64 * 8)
+            .map_async(wgpu::MapMode::Read, move |result| {
+                let values = result.ok().map(|_| {
+                    let bytes = buffer.slice(..count as u64 * 8).get_mapped_range();
+                    let values = bytes
+                        .chunks_exact(8)
+                        .map(|x| u64::from_le_bytes(x.try_into().unwrap()))
+                        .collect();
+                    drop(bytes);
+                    buffer.unmap();
+                    values
+                });
+                if let Ok(mut completions) = completions.lock() {
+                    completions.push(Completion {
+                        slot,
+                        epoch,
+                        ids,
+                        values,
+                    });
+                }
+            });
+    }
+    fn drain(&mut self) {
+        let completions = if let Ok(mut queue) = self.completions.lock() {
+            queue.drain(..).collect::<Vec<_>>()
+        } else {
+            return;
+        };
+        for c in completions {
+            let Some(v) = completion_transition(
+                &mut self.slots[c.slot].state,
+                c.values,
+                c.epoch,
+                self.epoch,
+                &mut self.available,
+                &mut self.samples,
+            ) else {
+                continue;
+            };
+            for (id, pair) in c.ids.into_iter().zip(v.chunks_exact(2)) {
+                if let Some(ms) = validate(pair[0], pair[1], self.period_ns) {
+                    let q = self.samples.entry(id).or_default();
+                    q.push_back((js_sys::Date::now(), ms));
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    pub fn snapshot_json(&mut self, now: f64) -> Option<JsValue> {
+        self.drain();
+        profile_gate(self.enabled, self.available, || Some(()))?;
+        (now - self.last_snapshot_ms >= 250.0).then_some(())?;
+        self.last_snapshot_ms = now;
+        let cutoff = now - 1000.0;
+        let mut passes = serde_json::Map::new();
+        for (id, q) in &mut self.samples {
+            while q.front().is_some_and(|x| x.0 < cutoff) {
+                q.pop_front();
+            }
+            if !q.is_empty() {
+                passes.insert(
+                    id.clone(),
+                    serde_json::json!(q.iter().map(|x| x.1).sum::<f64>() / q.len() as f64),
+                );
+            }
+        }
+        let value = serde_json::json!({"type":"profile-snapshot","requested":self.enabled,"available":self.available,"epoch":self.epoch,"graph":self.identity,"passes":passes,"dropped":self.dropped});
+        js_sys::JSON::parse(&value.to_string()).ok()
+    }
+}
+fn allocate_id(ids: &mut Vec<String>, invalid: &mut bool, id: &str) -> Option<u32> {
+    if ids.len() >= MAX_PROFILE_PASSES {
+        *invalid = true;
+        return None;
+    }
+    let first = ids.len() as u32 * 2;
+    ids.push(id.to_owned());
+    Some(first)
+}
+
+fn profile_gate<T>(enabled: bool, available: bool, f: impl FnOnce() -> Option<T>) -> Option<T> {
+    (enabled && available).then(f).flatten()
+}
+
+fn begin_transition<'a>(states: impl IntoIterator<Item = &'a mut SlotState>) -> Option<usize> {
+    for (slot, state) in states.into_iter().enumerate() {
+        if *state == SlotState::Free {
+            *state = SlotState::Encoding;
+            return Some(slot);
+        }
+    }
+    None
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
+enum FinishAction {
+    Cancel,
+    Resolve(u32),
+}
+
+fn finish_transition(state: &mut SlotState, invalid: bool, id_count: usize) -> FinishAction {
+    if *state != SlotState::Encoding || invalid || id_count == 0 {
+        cancel_state(state);
+        FinishAction::Cancel
+    } else {
+        FinishAction::Resolve(id_count as u32 * 2)
+    }
+}
+
+fn completion_transition(
+    state: &mut SlotState,
+    values: Option<Vec<u64>>,
+    completion_epoch: u64,
+    current_epoch: u64,
+    available: &mut bool,
+    samples: &mut HashMap<String, VecDeque<(f64, f64)>>,
+) -> Option<Vec<u64>> {
+    *state = SlotState::Free;
+    match values {
+        None => {
+            *available = false;
+            samples.clear();
+            None
+        }
+        Some(_) if !*available || completion_epoch != current_epoch => None,
+        Some(values) => Some(values),
+    }
+}
+
+fn cancel_state(state: &mut SlotState) {
+    if *state == SlotState::Encoding {
+        *state = SlotState::Free;
+    }
+}
+fn validate(start: u64, end: u64, period: f64) -> Option<f64> {
+    if (start == 0 && end == 0) || end < start || !period.is_finite() || period <= 0.0 {
+        return None;
+    }
+    let ms = (end - start) as f64 * period / 1_000_000.0;
+    if ms.is_finite() && ms >= 0.0 && ms <= 1000.0 {
+        Some(ms)
+    } else {
+        None
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+    #[test]
+    fn feature_gate() {
+        assert!(Profiler::requested_features(false, wgpu::Features::TIMESTAMP_QUERY).is_empty());
+        assert!(Profiler::requested_features(true, wgpu::Features::empty()).is_empty());
+        assert_eq!(
+            Profiler::requested_features(true, wgpu::Features::TIMESTAMP_QUERY),
+            wgpu::Features::TIMESTAMP_QUERY
+        )
+    }
+    #[test]
+    fn validation() {
+        assert_eq!(validate(1, 2, 1_000_000.0), Some(1.0));
+        assert_eq!(validate(2, 2, 1.0), Some(0.0));
+        assert_eq!(validate(0, 0, 1.0), None);
+        assert_eq!(validate(2, 1, 1.0), None);
+        assert_eq!(validate(0, 1, 1_000_000_000.0), Some(1000.0));
+        assert_eq!(validate(0, 2, 1_000_000_000.0), None);
+        assert_eq!(validate(1, 2, f64::NAN), None);
+        assert_eq!(validate(1, 2, f64::INFINITY), None);
+        assert_eq!(validate(1, 2, 0.0), None);
+        assert_eq!(validate(1, 2, -1.0), None);
+    }
+    #[test]
+    fn capacity_is_aligned() {
+        assert_eq!(RESOLVE_SIZE % wgpu::QUERY_RESOLVE_BUFFER_ALIGNMENT, 0);
+        assert_eq!(QUERY_COUNT, 2048)
+    }
+    #[test]
+    fn lazy_identity_when_disabled_unavailable_or_full() {
+        let mut calls = 0;
+        for (enabled, available) in [(false, true), (true, false)] {
+            assert_eq!(
+                profile_gate(enabled, available, || {
+                    calls += 1;
+                    Some(7)
+                }),
+                None
+            );
+        }
+        assert_eq!(calls, 0);
+        let mut full = [SlotState::Mapping; SLOT_COUNT];
+        assert_eq!(
+            profile_gate(true, true, || {
+                begin_transition(&mut full).map(|slot| {
+                    calls += 1;
+                    slot
+                })
+            }),
+            None
+        );
+        assert_eq!(calls, 0);
+        assert_eq!(full, [SlotState::Mapping; SLOT_COUNT]);
+        let mut states = [SlotState::Mapping, SlotState::Free];
+        assert_eq!(
+            profile_gate(true, true, || {
+                begin_transition(&mut states).map(|slot| {
+                    calls += 1;
+                    slot
+                })
+            }),
+            Some(1)
+        );
+        assert_eq!(calls, 1);
+        assert_eq!(states, [SlotState::Mapping, SlotState::Encoding]);
+    }
+    #[test]
+    fn compact_ids_and_query_pairs_resolve_four() {
+        let mut ids = Vec::new();
+        let mut invalid = false;
+        assert_eq!(allocate_id(&mut ids, &mut invalid, "a"), Some(0));
+        assert_eq!(allocate_id(&mut ids, &mut invalid, "b"), Some(2));
+        assert_eq!(ids, ["a", "b"]);
+        let mut state = SlotState::Encoding;
+        assert_eq!(
+            finish_transition(&mut state, invalid, ids.len()),
+            FinishAction::Resolve(4)
+        );
+        assert!(!invalid);
+    }
+    #[test]
+    fn capacity_overflow_marks_frame_invalid() {
+        let mut ids = (0..MAX_PROFILE_PASSES).map(|i| i.to_string()).collect();
+        let mut invalid = false;
+        assert_eq!(allocate_id(&mut ids, &mut invalid, "overflow"), None);
+        assert!(invalid);
+        assert_eq!(ids.len(), MAX_PROFILE_PASSES);
+        let mut overflow = SlotState::Encoding;
+        assert_eq!(
+            finish_transition(&mut overflow, invalid, ids.len()),
+            FinishAction::Cancel
+        );
+        assert_eq!(overflow, SlotState::Free);
+        let mut empty = SlotState::Encoding;
+        assert_eq!(
+            finish_transition(&mut empty, false, 0),
+            FinishAction::Cancel
+        );
+        assert_eq!(empty, SlotState::Free);
+    }
+    #[test]
+    fn repeated_cancel_and_mapping_guard() {
+        let mut encoding = SlotState::Encoding;
+        for _ in 0..=SLOT_COUNT {
+            cancel_state(&mut encoding);
+            assert_eq!(encoding, SlotState::Free);
+            encoding = SlotState::Encoding;
+        }
+        let mut mapping = SlotState::Mapping;
+        cancel_state(&mut mapping);
+        assert_eq!(mapping, SlotState::Mapping);
+        let mut free = SlotState::Free;
+        cancel_state(&mut free);
+        assert_eq!(free, SlotState::Free);
+    }
+    #[test]
+    fn stale_epoch_map_failure_is_terminal_and_prevents_later_aggregation() {
+        let mut state = SlotState::Mapping;
+        let mut available = true;
+        let mut samples = HashMap::from([
+            ("a".into(), VecDeque::from([(1.0, 2.0)])),
+            ("b".into(), VecDeque::from([(3.0, 4.0)])),
+        ]);
+        assert_eq!(
+            completion_transition(&mut state, None, 1, 2, &mut available, &mut samples),
+            None
+        );
+        assert_eq!(state, SlotState::Free);
+        assert!(!available);
+        assert!(samples.is_empty());
+        for epoch in [2, 1] {
+            state = SlotState::Mapping;
+            assert_eq!(
+                completion_transition(
+                    &mut state,
+                    Some(vec![1, 2]),
+                    epoch,
+                    2,
+                    &mut available,
+                    &mut samples
+                ),
+                None
+            );
+            assert_eq!(state, SlotState::Free);
+            assert!(samples.is_empty());
+        }
+    }
+    #[test]
+    fn snapshot_gate_is_silent_when_disabled_or_unavailable() {
+        for enabled in [false, true] {
+            for available in [false, true] {
+                assert_eq!(
+                    profile_gate(enabled, available, || Some("snapshot")),
+                    (enabled && available).then_some("snapshot")
+                );
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}

renderer/src/renderer/scene.rs

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ use wgpu::util::DeviceExt;
 use crate::{
     camera::Camera,
     render_data::RenderData,
-    renderer::{self, GpuResources},
+    renderer::{self, PipelineLibrary},
 };
 
 pub struct UniformResource {
@@ -76,13 +76,14 @@ impl FrameMetadata {
 pub trait Scene: Sized {
     fn setup(
         context: &renderer::RendererContext,
-        resources: &mut GpuResources,
+        resources: &mut PipelineLibrary,
         data: &mut RenderData,
     ) -> Self;
     fn bind_groups(&self) -> &[wgpu::BindGroup];
     fn handle_mouse_click(&mut self, x: f32, y: f32);
     fn handle_zoom(&mut self, delta_y: f32);
     fn handle_orbit(&mut self, dx: f32, dy: f32);
+    fn handle_pan(&mut self, dx: f32, dy: f32, viewport_height: f32);
     fn set_camera_depth_range(&mut self, near: f32, far: f32);
     fn set_camera_look_at(&mut self, eye: ultraviolet::Vec3, center: ultraviolet::Vec3);
     fn frame_metadata_mut(&mut self) -> Option<&mut FrameMetadata> {
@@ -91,6 +92,9 @@ pub trait Scene: Sized {
     fn camera_mut(&mut self) -> Option<&mut Camera> {
         None
     }
+    fn frustum_planes(&mut self) -> Option<Result<[[f32; 4]; 6], crate::camera::FrustumError>> {
+        self.camera_mut().map(|camera| camera.frustum_planes())
+    }
     fn uniform_buffers(&self) -> Option<[&wgpu::Buffer; 2]> {
         None
     }
@@ -103,7 +107,7 @@ pub trait Scene: Sized {
         }
         self.write_uniforms(queue);
     }
-    fn update(&mut self, context: &renderer::RendererContext) {
+    fn update_cpu(&mut self) {
         let position = match self.camera_mut() {
             Some(c) => c.position(),
             None => return,
@@ -112,7 +116,6 @@ pub trait Scene: Sized {
             f.time = js_sys::Date::now() as f32 * 0.001;
             f.set_camera_position(position)
         }
-        self.write_uniforms(&context.queue);
     }
     fn write_uniforms(&mut self, queue: &wgpu::Queue) {
         let frame = self.frame_metadata_mut().copied();

renderer/src/renderer/scene_frame.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,322 @@
+use std::collections::HashMap;
+
+use thiserror::Error;
+
+use crate::render_data::{
+    affine_world_aabb, Aabb, GeometryRange, InstanceHandle, MaterialKey, MeshHandle,
+    ModelTransform, NormalMatrix, PipelineKey, RenderData, RenderFlags,
+};
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+pub struct SceneFrameMesh {
+    pub handle: MeshHandle,
+    pub geometry: GeometryRange,
+    pub pipeline: PipelineKey,
+    pub material: MaterialKey,
+    pub flags: RenderFlags,
+    pub aabb: Aabb,
+    pub default_instance: InstanceHandle,
+    pub occurrence_range: std::ops::Range<usize>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+pub struct SceneFrameOccurrence {
+    pub handle: InstanceHandle,
+    pub mesh: MeshHandle,
+    pub mesh_index: usize,
+    pub model: ModelTransform,
+    pub normal: NormalMatrix,
+    pub flags: RenderFlags,
+    pub is_default: bool,
+    pub world_aabb: Aabb,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+pub struct SceneFramePlan {
+    pub revision: u64,
+    pub positions: Vec<[f32; 3]>,
+    pub normals: Vec<[f32; 3]>,
+    pub uvs: Vec<[f32; 2]>,
+    pub tangents: Vec<[f32; 4]>,
+    pub indices: Vec<u32>,
+    pub meshes: Vec<SceneFrameMesh>,
+    pub occurrences: Vec<SceneFrameOccurrence>,
+    /// Occurrence indices grouped by mesh without changing global occurrence order.
+    pub mesh_occurrence_indices: Vec<usize>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Error, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum SceneFrameError {
+    #[error("an occurrence references a missing mesh")]
+    MissingMesh,
+    #[error("world bounds could not be derived")]
+    InvalidWorldBounds,
+    #[error("scene frame size overflow")]
+    SizeOverflow,
+}
+
+impl SceneFramePlan {
+    pub fn build(data: &RenderData) -> Result<Self, SceneFrameError> {
+        let streams = data.streams();
+        let mut meshes: Vec<_> = data.meshes().collect();
+        meshes.sort_by_key(|(handle, _)| (handle.slot(), handle.generation()));
+        let mesh_indices: HashMap<_, _> = meshes
+            .iter()
+            .enumerate()
+            .map(|(dense, (handle, _))| (*handle, dense))
+            .collect();
+
+        let mut source_occurrences: Vec<_> = data.instances().collect();
+        source_occurrences.sort_by_key(|(handle, _)| (handle.slot(), handle.generation()));
+        let mut counts = vec![0usize; meshes.len()];
+        let mut occurrences = Vec::with_capacity(source_occurrences.len());
+        for (handle, occurrence) in source_occurrences {
+            let mesh_index = *mesh_indices
+                .get(&occurrence.mesh)
+                .ok_or(SceneFrameError::MissingMesh)?;
+            counts[mesh_index] = counts[mesh_index]
+                .checked_add(1)
+                .ok_or(SceneFrameError::SizeOverflow)?;
+            let mesh = meshes[mesh_index].1;
+            occurrences.push(SceneFrameOccurrence {
+                handle,
+                mesh: occurrence.mesh,
+                mesh_index,
+                model: occurrence.model,
+                normal: occurrence.normal,
+                flags: occurrence.flags,
+                is_default: handle == mesh.default_instance,
+                world_aabb: affine_world_aabb(mesh.aabb, occurrence.model)
+                    .map_err(|_| SceneFrameError::InvalidWorldBounds)?,
+            });
+        }
+
+        let mut offsets = Vec::with_capacity(meshes.len() + 1);
+        offsets.push(0usize);
+        for count in counts {
+            offsets.push(
+                offsets
+                    .last()
+                    .unwrap()
+                    .checked_add(count)
+                    .ok_or(SceneFrameError::SizeOverflow)?,
+            );
+        }
+        let mut cursors = offsets[..meshes.len()].to_vec();
+        let mut mesh_occurrence_indices = vec![0; occurrences.len()];
+        for (occurrence_index, occurrence) in occurrences.iter().enumerate() {
+            let cursor = &mut cursors[occurrence.mesh_index];
+            mesh_occurrence_indices[*cursor] = occurrence_index;
+            *cursor += 1;
+        }
+        let meshes = meshes
+            .into_iter()
+            .enumerate()
+            .map(|(dense, (handle, mesh))| SceneFrameMesh {
+                handle,
+                geometry: mesh.geometry,
+                pipeline: mesh.pipeline,
+                material: mesh.material,
+                flags: mesh.flags,
+                aabb: mesh.aabb,
+                default_instance: mesh.default_instance,
+                occurrence_range: offsets[dense]..offsets[dense + 1],
+            })
+            .collect();
+        Ok(Self {
+            revision: data.revision(),
+            positions: streams.positions.to_vec(),
+            normals: streams.normals.to_vec(),
+            uvs: streams.uvs.to_vec(),
+            tangents: streams.tangents.to_vec(),
+            indices: data.indices().to_vec(),
+            meshes,
+            occurrences,
+            mesh_occurrence_indices,
+        })
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Default)]
+pub struct SceneFrameCache {
+    plan: Option<Box<SceneFramePlan>>,
+}
+
+impl SceneFrameCache {
+    pub fn get_or_build(&mut self, data: &RenderData) -> Result<&SceneFramePlan, SceneFrameError> {
+        if self
+            .plan
+            .as_ref()
+            .is_none_or(|plan| plan.revision != data.revision())
+        {
+            let replacement = Box::new(SceneFramePlan::build(data)?);
+            self.plan = Some(replacement);
+        }
+        Ok(self.plan.as_deref().unwrap())
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+    use crate::render_data::{MeshCreateInfo, RenderDataConfig, IDENTITY_MODEL_TRANSFORM};
+
+    fn mesh(data: &mut RenderData, visible: bool) -> crate::render_data::CreatedMesh {
+        data.create_mesh(MeshCreateInfo {
+            positions: &[[0., 0., 0.], [2., 0., 0.], [0., 2., 0.]],
+            normals: &[[0., 0., 1.]; 3],
+            tangents: &[[1., 0., 0., 1.]; 3],
+            uvs: &[[0., 0.]; 3],
+            indices: &[0, 1, 2],
+            pipeline: PipelineKey::new(0),
+            material: crate::render_data::MaterialKey::DEFAULT,
+            flags: if visible {
+                RenderFlags::VISIBLE
+            } else {
+                RenderFlags::NONE
+            },
+            default_instance_flags: RenderFlags::VISIBLE,
+            default_transform: IDENTITY_MODEL_TRANSFORM,
+        })
+        .unwrap()
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn cache_reuses_pointer_and_rebuilds_on_revision() {
+        let mut data = RenderData::new(RenderDataConfig::default()).unwrap();
+        let mut cache = SceneFrameCache::default();
+        let first = cache.get_or_build(&data).unwrap() as *const _;
+        assert_eq!(first, cache.get_or_build(&data).unwrap() as *const _);
+        let created = mesh(&mut data, true);
+        let second = cache.get_or_build(&data).unwrap() as *const _;
+        assert_ne!(first, second);
+        data.set_mesh_flags(created.mesh, RenderFlags::NONE)
+            .unwrap();
+        let third = cache.get_or_build(&data).unwrap() as *const _;
+        assert_ne!(second, third);
+        let mut moved = IDENTITY_MODEL_TRANSFORM;
+        moved[3][1] = 9.0;
+        data.set_instance_transform(created.default_instance, moved)
+            .unwrap();
+        assert_ne!(third, cache.get_or_build(&data).unwrap() as *const _);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn retains_hidden_entries_builds_adjacency_and_world_bounds() {
+        let mut data = RenderData::new(RenderDataConfig::default()).unwrap();
+        let hidden = mesh(&mut data, false);
+        let shown = mesh(&mut data, true);
+        let mut translated = IDENTITY_MODEL_TRANSFORM;
+        translated[0][0] = 2.;
+        translated[1][1] = 3.;
+        translated[2][2] = 4.;
+        translated[3][0] = 5.;
+        translated[3][1] = -2.;
+        let extra = data
+            .create_instance(hidden.mesh, translated, RenderFlags::NONE)
+            .unwrap();
+        let plan = SceneFramePlan::build(&data).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!((plan.meshes.len(), plan.occurrences.len()), (2, 3));
+        assert!(plan
+            .occurrences
+            .iter()
+            .any(|o| o.handle == hidden.default_instance && o.is_default));
+        let occurrence = plan.occurrences.iter().find(|o| o.handle == extra).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(occurrence.world_aabb.min, [5., -2., 0.]);
+        assert_eq!(occurrence.world_aabb.max, [9., 4., 0.]);
+        for (mesh_index, mesh) in plan.meshes.iter().enumerate() {
+            assert!(plan.mesh_occurrence_indices[mesh.occurrence_range.clone()]
+                .iter()
+                .all(|&i| plan.occurrences[i].mesh_index == mesh_index));
+        }
+        assert_eq!(
+            shown.default_instance.slot(),
+            plan.occurrences
+                .iter()
+                .find(|o| o.mesh == shown.mesh)
+                .unwrap()
+                .handle
+                .slot()
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn slot_reuse_preserves_dense_order_adjacency_and_ownership() {
+        let mut data = RenderData::new(RenderDataConfig::default()).unwrap();
+        let a = mesh(&mut data, true);
+        let doomed = mesh(&mut data, true);
+        let c = mesh(&mut data, true);
+        let a_extra = data
+            .create_instance(a.mesh, IDENTITY_MODEL_TRANSFORM, RenderFlags::VISIBLE)
+            .unwrap();
+        let doomed_extra = data
+            .create_instance(doomed.mesh, IDENTITY_MODEL_TRANSFORM, RenderFlags::VISIBLE)
+            .unwrap();
+        let c_extra = data
+            .create_instance(c.mesh, IDENTITY_MODEL_TRANSFORM, RenderFlags::VISIBLE)
+            .unwrap();
+        data.destroy_instance(a_extra).unwrap();
+        data.destroy_mesh(doomed.mesh).unwrap();
+        let replacement = mesh(&mut data, true);
+        let replacement_extra = data
+            .create_instance(
+                replacement.mesh,
+                IDENTITY_MODEL_TRANSFORM,
+                RenderFlags::VISIBLE,
+            )
+            .unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(replacement.mesh.slot(), doomed.mesh.slot());
+        assert!(replacement.mesh.generation() > doomed.mesh.generation());
+        let destroyed = [a_extra, doomed.default_instance, doomed_extra];
+        for reused in [replacement.default_instance, replacement_extra] {
+            let old = destroyed
+                .iter()
+                .find(|old| old.slot() == reused.slot())
+                .expect("replacement must reuse an interior instance slot");
+            assert!(reused.generation() > old.generation());
+        }
+        assert!(data.instance(doomed_extra).is_none());
+
+        let plan = SceneFramePlan::build(&data).unwrap();
+        assert!(plan
+            .meshes
+            .windows(2)
+            .all(|w| (w[0].handle.slot(), w[0].handle.generation())
+                < (w[1].handle.slot(), w[1].handle.generation())));
+        assert!(plan.occurrences.windows(2).all(|w| (
+            w[0].handle.slot(),
+            w[0].handle.generation()
+        ) < (
+            w[1].handle.slot(),
+            w[1].handle.generation()
+        )));
+        let mut seen = vec![0; plan.occurrences.len()];
+        for (mesh_index, mesh) in plan.meshes.iter().enumerate() {
+            let adjacency = &plan.mesh_occurrence_indices[mesh.occurrence_range.clone()];
+            assert!(adjacency.windows(2).all(|w| {
+                let a = plan.occurrences[w[0]].handle;
+                let b = plan.occurrences[w[1]].handle;
+                (a.slot(), a.generation()) < (b.slot(), b.generation())
+            }));
+            for &index in adjacency {
+                seen[index] += 1;
+                let occurrence = &plan.occurrences[index];
+                assert_eq!(occurrence.mesh, mesh.handle);
+                assert_eq!(occurrence.mesh_index, mesh_index);
+                assert_eq!(
+                    occurrence.is_default,
+                    occurrence.handle == mesh.default_instance
+                );
+            }
+            assert_eq!(
+                adjacency
+                    .iter()
+                    .filter(|&&i| plan.occurrences[i].is_default)
+                    .count(),
+                1
+            );
+        }
+        assert!(seen.into_iter().all(|count| count == 1));
+        assert!(plan.occurrences.iter().any(|o| o.handle == c_extra));
+    }
+}

renderer/src/shared_snapshot.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 //! Triple-buffered, immutable packed scene snapshot shared with JavaScript.
 use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicU32, Ordering};
 
-use crate::render_data::{affine_world_aabb, RenderData, RenderFlags};
+use crate::{render_data::RenderFlags, renderer::scene_frame::SceneFramePlan};
 
 pub const MAGIC: u32 = u32::from_le_bytes(*b"YSNP");
 pub const BLOB_MAGIC: u32 = u32::from_le_bytes(*b"RDS1");
@@ -94,11 +94,11 @@ impl SharedSnapshot {
     }
 
     /// Packs and publishes if `data` changed. Returns the newly published data epoch.
-    pub fn publish(&mut self, data: &RenderData) -> Result<Option<u32>, u32> {
+    pub fn publish(&mut self, data: &SceneFramePlan) -> Result<Option<u32>, u32> {
         if self.control.header[6].load(Ordering::Acquire) == FAILED {
             return Err(self.control.header[14].load(Ordering::Relaxed));
         }
-        if self.last_revision == Some(data.revision()) {
+        if self.last_revision == Some(data.revision) {
             return Ok(None);
         }
         let slot = match self.claim_slot() {
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ impl SharedSnapshot {
         result
     }
 
-    fn publish_claimed(&mut self, slot: usize, data: &RenderData) -> Result<Option<u32>, u32> {
+    fn publish_claimed(&mut self, slot: usize, data: &SceneFramePlan) -> Result<Option<u32>, u32> {
         let epoch = self.next_epoch;
         let next_epoch = epoch.checked_add(1).ok_or(ERROR_OVERFLOW)?;
         let bytes = pack(data, epoch)?;
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ impl SharedSnapshot {
         let ptr = self.blocks[slot].as_ptr() as usize;
         let ptr32 = u32::try_from(ptr).map_err(|_| ERROR_OVERFLOW)?;
         let length = u32::try_from(bytes.len()).map_err(|_| ERROR_OVERFLOW)?;
-        let revision = data.revision();
+        let revision = data.revision;
         let d = &self.control.slots[slot].0;
         let values = [
             epoch,
@@ -145,8 +145,8 @@ impl SharedSnapshot {
             length,
             revision as u32,
             (revision >> 32) as u32,
-            data.mesh_count(),
+            data.meshes.len() as u32,
-            data.instance_count(),
+            data.occurrences.len() as u32,
             SCHEMA,
             SNAPSHOT_HEADER_BYTES as u32,
             0,
@@ -244,9 +244,9 @@ fn wasm_pages(minimum_end: usize) -> Result<u32, u32> {
         .map_err(|_| ERROR_OVERFLOW)
 }
 
-fn pack(data: &RenderData, epoch: u32) -> Result<Vec<u8>, u32> {
+fn pack(data: &SceneFramePlan, epoch: u32) -> Result<Vec<u8>, u32> {
-    let meshes: Vec<_> = data.meshes().collect();
+    let meshes = &data.meshes;
-    let instances: Vec<_> = data.instances().collect();
+    let instances = &data.occurrences;
     let strides = [4usize, 4, 4, 12, 12, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 64, 12, 12, 4];
     let components = [1u32, 1, 1, 3, 3, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 16, 3, 3, 1];
     let scalar = [1u32, 1, 1, 2, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 1];
@@ -268,7 +268,7 @@ fn pack(data: &RenderData, epoch: u32) -> Result<Vec<u8>, u32> {
     let put32 = |out: &mut [u8], at: usize, value: u32| {
         out[at..at + 4].copy_from_slice(&value.to_le_bytes())
     };
-    let revision = data.revision();
+    let revision = data.revision;
     for (i, value) in [
         BLOB_MAGIC,
         SCHEMA,
@@ -310,8 +310,12 @@ fn pack(data: &RenderData, epoch: u32) -> Result<Vec<u8>, u32> {
             put32(&mut out, at + j * 4, value);
         }
     }
-    for (dense, (handle, mesh)) in meshes.iter().enumerate() {
+    for (dense, mesh) in meshes.iter().enumerate() {
-        for (i, value) in [handle.slot(), handle.generation(), mesh.flags.bits()]
+        for (i, value) in [
+            mesh.handle.slot(),
+            mesh.handle.generation(),
+            mesh.flags.bits(),
+        ]
         .into_iter()
         .enumerate()
         {
@@ -330,12 +334,14 @@ fn pack(data: &RenderData, epoch: u32) -> Result<Vec<u8>, u32> {
             );
         }
     }
-    for (dense, (handle, instance)) in instances.iter().enumerate() {
+    for (dense, instance) in instances.iter().enumerate() {
-        let mesh = data.mesh(instance.mesh).ok_or(ERROR_INVARIANT)?;
+        let mesh = data
-        let world = affine_world_aabb(mesh.aabb, instance.model).map_err(|_| ERROR_INVARIANT)?;
+            .meshes
+            .get(instance.mesh_index)
+            .ok_or(ERROR_INVARIANT)?;
         for (i, value) in [
-            handle.slot(),
+            instance.handle.slot(),
-            handle.generation(),
+            instance.handle.generation(),
             instance.mesh.slot(),
             instance.mesh.generation(),
             instance.flags.bits(),
@@ -356,12 +362,12 @@ fn pack(data: &RenderData, epoch: u32) -> Result<Vec<u8>, u32> {
             put32(
                 &mut out,
                 offsets[11] + dense * 12 + i * 4,
-                world.min[i].to_bits(),
+                instance.world_aabb.min[i].to_bits(),
             );
             put32(
                 &mut out,
                 offsets[12] + dense * 12 + i * 4,
-                world.max[i].to_bits(),
+                instance.world_aabb.max[i].to_bits(),
             );
         }
         put32(
@@ -387,6 +393,9 @@ const _: [(); 256] = [(); std::mem::size_of::<SnapshotControl>()];
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
     use super::*;
+    use crate::render_data::{
+        MeshCreateInfo, PipelineKey, RenderData, RenderDataConfig, IDENTITY_MODEL_TRANSFORM,
+    };
 
     #[test]
     fn exact_control_layout_and_initial_values() {
@@ -417,4 +426,166 @@ mod tests {
             WRITING
         );
     }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn producer_blob_abi_matches_schema_exactly() {
+        let mut data = RenderData::new(RenderDataConfig::default()).unwrap();
+        let create = |data: &mut RenderData, flags, x: f32| {
+            data.create_mesh(MeshCreateInfo {
+                positions: &[[x, 0., 0.], [x + 2., 0., 0.], [x, 3., 0.]],
+                normals: &[[0., 0., 1.]; 3],
+                tangents: &[[1., 0., 0., 1.]; 3],
+                uvs: &[[0., 0.]; 3],
+                indices: &[0, 1, 2],
+                pipeline: PipelineKey::new(7),
+                material: crate::render_data::MaterialKey::DEFAULT,
+                flags,
+                default_instance_flags: RenderFlags::VISIBLE,
+                default_transform: IDENTITY_MODEL_TRANSFORM,
+            })
+            .unwrap()
+        };
+        let visible = create(&mut data, RenderFlags::VISIBLE, -1.0);
+        let hidden = create(&mut data, RenderFlags::NONE, 10.0);
+        let mut model = IDENTITY_MODEL_TRANSFORM;
+        model[0][0] = 2.0;
+        model[1][1] = 0.5;
+        model[3][0] = 4.0;
+        model[3][1] = -2.0;
+        let extra = data
+            .create_instance(hidden.mesh, model, RenderFlags::NONE)
+            .unwrap();
+        let plan = SceneFramePlan::build(&data).unwrap();
+        let epoch = 0x1234_5678;
+        let blob = pack(&plan, epoch).unwrap();
+        let word = |at: usize| u32::from_le_bytes(blob[at..at + 4].try_into().unwrap());
+
+        assert_eq!(word(0), BLOB_MAGIC);
+        assert_eq!(word(4), SCHEMA);
+        assert_eq!(word(8), SNAPSHOT_HEADER_BYTES as u32);
+        assert_eq!(word(12), blob.len() as u32);
+        assert_eq!(word(16), epoch);
+        assert_eq!(word(20), plan.revision as u32);
+        assert_eq!(word(24), (plan.revision >> 32) as u32);
+        assert_eq!(word(28), STREAMS as u32);
+        assert_eq!(word(32), SNAPSHOT_HEADER_BYTES as u32);
+        assert_eq!(word(36), DESCRIPTOR_BYTES as u32);
+        assert_eq!(word(40), 2);
+        assert_eq!(word(44), 3);
+        assert_eq!(word(48), 0x0102_0304);
+        assert_eq!(word(52), SCHEMA_FLAGS);
+
+        let strides = [4, 4, 4, 12, 12, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 64, 12, 12, 4];
+        let scalars = [1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 1];
+        let components = [1, 1, 1, 3, 3, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 16, 3, 3, 1];
+        let counts = [2usize; 5]
+            .into_iter()
+            .chain([3usize; 9])
+            .collect::<Vec<_>>();
+        let mut offsets = Vec::new();
+        let mut cursor = DATA_OFFSET;
+        for i in 0..STREAMS {
+            let at = SNAPSHOT_HEADER_BYTES + i * DESCRIPTOR_BYTES;
+            offsets.push(cursor);
+            assert_eq!(
+                [
+                    word(at),
+                    word(at + 4),
+                    word(at + 8),
+                    word(at + 12),
+                    word(at + 16),
+                    word(at + 20),
+                    word(at + 24),
+                    word(at + 28)
+                ],
+                [
+                    i as u32 + 1,
+                    scalars[i],
+                    cursor as u32,
+                    counts[i] as u32,
+                    components[i],
+                    strides[i] as u32,
+                    4,
+                    0
+                ]
+            );
+            assert_eq!(cursor % 16, 0);
+            cursor = (cursor + strides[i] as usize * counts[i] + 15) & !15;
+        }
+        assert_eq!(cursor, blob.len());
+
+        for (dense, mesh) in plan.meshes.iter().enumerate() {
+            assert_eq!(word(offsets[0] + dense * 4), mesh.handle.slot());
+            assert_eq!(word(offsets[1] + dense * 4), mesh.handle.generation());
+            assert_eq!(word(offsets[2] + dense * 4), mesh.flags.bits());
+            for axis in 0..3 {
+                assert_eq!(
+                    word(offsets[3] + dense * 12 + axis * 4),
+                    mesh.aabb.min[axis].to_bits()
+                );
+                assert_eq!(
+                    word(offsets[4] + dense * 12 + axis * 4),
+                    mesh.aabb.max[axis].to_bits()
+                );
+            }
+        }
+        for (dense, occurrence) in plan.occurrences.iter().enumerate() {
+            assert_eq!(
+                [
+                    word(offsets[5] + dense * 4),
+                    word(offsets[6] + dense * 4),
+                    word(offsets[7] + dense * 4),
+                    word(offsets[8] + dense * 4),
+                    word(offsets[9] + dense * 4)
+                ],
+                [
+                    occurrence.handle.slot(),
+                    occurrence.handle.generation(),
+                    occurrence.mesh.slot(),
+                    occurrence.mesh.generation(),
+                    occurrence.flags.bits()
+                ]
+            );
+            for i in 0..16 {
+                assert_eq!(
+                    word(offsets[10] + dense * 64 + i * 4),
+                    occurrence.model[i / 4][i % 4].to_bits()
+                );
+            }
+            for axis in 0..3 {
+                assert_eq!(
+                    word(offsets[11] + dense * 12 + axis * 4),
+                    occurrence.world_aabb.min[axis].to_bits()
+                );
+                assert_eq!(
+                    word(offsets[12] + dense * 12 + axis * 4),
+                    occurrence.world_aabb.max[axis].to_bits()
+                );
+            }
+            let mesh_visible = plan.meshes[occurrence.mesh_index]
+                .flags
+                .contains(RenderFlags::VISIBLE);
+            assert_eq!(
+                word(offsets[13] + dense * 4),
+                (mesh_visible && occurrence.flags.contains(RenderFlags::VISIBLE)) as u32
+            );
+        }
+        assert!(plan
+            .meshes
+            .windows(2)
+            .all(|w| w[0].handle.slot() < w[1].handle.slot()));
+        assert!(plan
+            .occurrences
+            .windows(2)
+            .all(|w| w[0].handle.slot() < w[1].handle.slot()));
+        assert_eq!(
+            plan.occurrences
+                .iter()
+                .find(|o| o.handle == extra)
+                .unwrap()
+                .model,
+            model
+        );
+        assert!(plan.occurrences.iter().any(|o| o.mesh == visible.mesh));
+    }
 }

static/demo-loadouts.js

@@ -48,12 +48,47 @@ export function createUvSphereGeometry(segments=24,rings=12){
   const positions=[],normals=[],texcoords=[],indices=[];for(let y=0;y<=rings;y++){const v=y/rings,phi=v*Math.PI;for(let x=0;x<=segments;x++){const u=x/segments,theta=u*Math.PI*2,nx=Math.sin(phi)*Math.cos(theta),ny=Math.cos(phi),nz=Math.sin(phi)*Math.sin(theta);positions.push(nx,ny,nz);normals.push(nx,ny,nz);texcoords.push(u,v);}}
   for(let y=0;y<rings;y++)for(let x=0;x<segments;x++){const a=y*(segments+1)+x,b=a+segments+1;indices.push(a,a+1,b,a+1,b+1,b);}return {positions,normals,texcoords,indices};
 }
+
+const galleryPngBase64=Object.freeze({
+  base:"iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAMAAAACCAYAAACddGYaAAAAIUlEQVR42mP4ryH3X+NOgIZGwP//DP/vyGn8BwI5Obn/AKsPDa3HqsdFAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC",
+  mr:"iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAMAAAACCAYAAACddGYaAAAAJUlEQVR42gEaAOX/AP8gAP//YED//7Sg/wD/8P///0Dc///cIP/dYBIQ76JUtAAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==",
+  normal:"iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAMAAAACCAYAAACddGYaAAAAH0lEQVR42mNoaPj//0TDu/8WQMzQcOLd/wYLIAYKAgDieBGxoS0BjwAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==",
+});
+const decodeBase64=value=>{const binary=atob(value),bytes=new Uint8Array(binary.length);for(let i=0;i<binary.length;i++)bytes[i]=binary.charCodeAt(i);return bytes;};
+
+/** Build the deterministic Phase 6 PBR shader validation gallery. */
+export function createMaterialGalleryGlb(){
+  // A modest shared sphere keeps the embedded GLB compact while making roughness
+  // and normal-map responses much easier to compare than the former cubes.
+  const geometry=createUvSphereGeometry(16,8);
+  const streams=[new Float32Array(geometry.positions),new Float32Array(geometry.normals),new Float32Array(geometry.texcoords),new Uint32Array(geometry.indices)];
+  const images=Object.values(galleryPngBase64).map(decodeBase64),chunks=[],bufferViews=[];let byteLength=0;
+  for(const stream of [...streams,...images]){byteLength=align4(byteLength);const bytes=stream instanceof Uint8Array?stream:new Uint8Array(stream.buffer);chunks.push({offset:byteLength,bytes});bufferViews.push({buffer:0,byteOffset:byteLength,byteLength:bytes.length});byteLength+=bytes.length;}
+  byteLength=align4(byteLength);const bounds=finiteMinMax(streams[0],3),vertexCount=geometry.positions.length/3;
+  const materials=[
+    ...[0.08,0.3,0.6,1].map(roughnessFactor=>({name:`Dielectric roughness ${roughnessFactor}`,pbrMetallicRoughness:{baseColorFactor:[0.72,0.18,0.08,1],metallicFactor:0,roughnessFactor}})),
+    ...[0.08,0.3,0.6,1].map(roughnessFactor=>({name:`Metal roughness ${roughnessFactor}`,pbrMetallicRoughness:{baseColorFactor:[0.72,0.76,0.82,1],metallicFactor:1,roughnessFactor}})),
+    ...[1,1.5,2].map(ior=>({name:`Dielectric IOR ${ior}`,pbrMetallicRoughness:{baseColorFactor:[0.12,0.48,0.82,1],metallicFactor:0,roughnessFactor:0.18},extensions:{KHR_materials_ior:{ior}}})),
+    {name:"Odd-width OpenGL normal map",pbrMetallicRoughness:{baseColorFactor:[0.7,0.7,0.7,1],metallicFactor:0,roughnessFactor:0.4},normalTexture:{index:2,scale:1}},
+    {name:"Odd-width AO",pbrMetallicRoughness:{baseColorFactor:[0.8,0.55,0.12,1],metallicFactor:0,roughnessFactor:0.65},occlusionTexture:{index:1,strength:1}},
+    {name:"Odd-width emissive",pbrMetallicRoughness:{baseColorFactor:[0.03,0.03,0.03,1],metallicFactor:0,roughnessFactor:0.8},emissiveFactor:[1,0.3,0.05],emissiveTexture:{index:0}},
+    {name:"Odd-width alpha MASK",pbrMetallicRoughness:{baseColorFactor:[1,1,1,1],baseColorTexture:{index:0},metallicFactor:0,roughnessFactor:0.55},alphaMode:"MASK",alphaCutoff:0.5,doubleSided:true},
+    {name:"Reflected non-uniform double-sided",pbrMetallicRoughness:{baseColorFactor:[0.25,0.85,0.38,1],metallicFactor:0.15,roughnessFactor:0.45},doubleSided:true},
+  ];
+  const nodes=materials.map((material,index)=>({name:material.name,mesh:index,translation:[(index%4-1.5)*2.5,(1.5-Math.floor(index/4))*2.5,0],...(index===15?{scale:[-1.25,0.7,1.1]}:{})}));
+  const meshes=materials.map((material,index)=>({name:material.name,primitives:[{attributes:{POSITION:0,NORMAL:1,TEXCOORD_0:2},indices:3,material:index}]}));
+  const json={asset:{version:"2.0",generator:"yawn-phase6-pbr-gallery"},extensionsUsed:["KHR_materials_ior"],scene:0,scenes:[{name:"Phase 6 deterministic PBR gallery",nodes:nodes.map((_,i)=>i)}],nodes,meshes,materials,
+    samplers:[{magFilter:9728,minFilter:9728,wrapS:10497,wrapT:10497}],images:images.map((_,i)=>({name:["Odd-width sRGB base color and emissive","Odd-width linear MR and AO","Odd-width OpenGL normal map"][i],bufferView:i+4,mimeType:"image/png"})),textures:images.map((_,i)=>({sampler:0,source:i})),
+    buffers:[{byteLength}],bufferViews,accessors:[{bufferView:0,componentType:5126,count:vertexCount,type:"VEC3",min:bounds.min,max:bounds.max},{bufferView:1,componentType:5126,count:vertexCount,type:"VEC3"},{bufferView:2,componentType:5126,count:vertexCount,type:"VEC2"},{bufferView:3,componentType:5125,count:geometry.indices.length,type:"SCALAR"}]};
+  let jsonBytes=encoder.encode(JSON.stringify(json));const jsonLength=align4(jsonBytes.length),total=12+8+jsonLength+8+byteLength,out=new ArrayBuffer(total),view=new DataView(out),bytes=new Uint8Array(out);
+  view.setUint32(0,0x46546c67,true);view.setUint32(4,2,true);view.setUint32(8,total,true);view.setUint32(12,jsonLength,true);view.setUint32(16,JSON_CHUNK,true);bytes.fill(0x20,20,20+jsonLength);bytes.set(jsonBytes,20);const binHeader=20+jsonLength;view.setUint32(binHeader,byteLength,true);view.setUint32(binHeader+4,BIN_CHUNK,true);for(const chunk of chunks)bytes.set(chunk.bytes,binHeader+8+chunk.offset);return out;
+}
 export function isGitLfsPointer(bytes){const text=new TextDecoder().decode(new Uint8Array(bytes,0,Math.min(bytes.byteLength,256)));return text.startsWith("version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1\n");}
 export class LoadoutError extends Error{constructor(code,message){super(message);this.name="LoadoutError";this.code=code;}}
-export const loadouts=Object.freeze({cubes:{label:"Procedural cubes"},spheres:{label:"Procedural spheres"},manor:{label:"The Manor"},sponza:{label:"Sponza"}});
+export const loadouts=Object.freeze({cubes:{label:"Procedural cubes"},spheres:{label:"Procedural spheres"},materials:{label:"Phase 6 deterministic PBR gallery"},manor:{label:"The Manor"},sponza:{label:"Sponza"}});
 const assetUrls=Object.freeze({manor:new URL("./themanor.glb",import.meta.url),sponza:new URL("./sponza.glb",import.meta.url)});
 export async function loadDemoLoadout(id,{signal,fetchImpl=fetch}={}){
-  if(id==="cubes")return encodeGeometryGlb(createCubeGeometry());if(id==="spheres")return encodeGeometryGlb(createUvSphereGeometry());
+  if(id==="cubes")return encodeGeometryGlb(createCubeGeometry());if(id==="spheres")return encodeGeometryGlb(createUvSphereGeometry());if(id==="materials")return createMaterialGalleryGlb();
   const url=assetUrls[id];if(!url)throw new LoadoutError("LOADOUT_UNKNOWN",`Unknown loadout: ${id}`);
   let response;try{response=await fetchImpl(url,{signal});}catch(error){if(error?.name==="AbortError")throw error;throw new LoadoutError("LOADOUT_FETCH_FAILED",`Could not fetch ${id}: ${error?.message||"network error"}`);}
   if(!response.ok)throw new LoadoutError("LOADOUT_HTTP",`Could not fetch ${id}: HTTP ${response.status}`);const buffer=await response.arrayBuffer();if(isGitLfsPointer(buffer))throw new LoadoutError("LOADOUT_LFS_POINTER",`${id} is a Git LFS pointer; hydrate repository assets first`);return buffer;

static/index.html

@@ -1,5 +1,200 @@
 <!doctype html>
-<html lang="en"><head><meta charset="UTF-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><title>Yawn Render Graph Demo</title>
+<html lang="en">
+  <head>
+    <meta charset="UTF-8" />
+    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1" />
+    <title>Yawn Render Graph Demo</title>
     <style>
-*{box-sizing:border-box}html,body{height:100%;margin:0;overflow:hidden;background:#0b0e14;color:#eef2f8;font:14px Inter,system-ui,sans-serif}main{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,3fr) minmax(380px,2fr);height:100%}.viewport,.editor{min-width:0;min-height:0;position:relative}canvas{display:block;width:100%;height:100%}#canvas0{background:#090d16}.toolbar{position:absolute;z-index:2;inset:18px 18px auto;display:flex;align-items:end;gap:14px;padding:13px 16px;border:1px solid #ffffff18;border-radius:10px;background:#111722e8;box-shadow:0 12px 30px #0008}.brand{margin-right:auto}.brand strong{display:block;font-size:17px;letter-spacing:.08em}.brand small{color:#8d9bb1}.field{display:grid;gap:5px;color:#9da9ba;font-size:11px;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.08em}select,button{font:inherit;color:#eef;background:#202938;border:1px solid #3a4659;border-radius:6px;padding:7px 10px}button{background:#ba5c2e;border-color:#d77949;font-weight:650;cursor:pointer}button:disabled,select:disabled{opacity:.48;cursor:wait}#demo-status{position:absolute;z-index:2;left:18px;bottom:18px;padding:9px 12px;border-radius:7px;background:#0b1019dc;color:#bac6d8;box-shadow:0 5px 20px #0008}.editor{display:grid;grid-template-rows:58px minmax(0,1fr);border-left:1px solid #2d3542;background:#151820}.editor-bar{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;padding:0 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #303745}.editor-bar strong{font-size:15px}.editor-bar span{color:#9ba7b9}@media(max-width:820px){main{grid-template-columns:1fr;grid-template-rows:52% 48%}.editor{border-left:0;border-top:1px solid #2d3542}.toolbar{flex-wrap:wrap}.brand{width:100%}}
+      * {
-</style></head><body><main><section class="viewport" aria-label="Rendered scene"><div class="toolbar"><div class="brand"><strong>YAWN</strong><small>Render Graph Studio</small></div><label class="field" for="loadout-select">Scene loadout<select id="loadout-select"><option value="cubes">Cubes</option><option value="spheres">UV spheres</option><option value="manor">The Manor</option><option value="sponza">Sponza</option></select></label><label class="field" for="graph-select">Graph preset<select id="graph-select"><option value="authored">Authored</option><option value="midnight">Midnight</option><option value="ember">Ember</option></select></label></div><canvas id="canvas0"></canvas><output id="demo-status" aria-live="polite">Starting Phase 8…</output></section><section class="editor" aria-label="Render graph editor"><div class="editor-bar"><strong>Authored Graph</strong><button id="apply-graph" disabled>Apply</button><span id="graph-status">Loading editor…</span></div><canvas id="graph-editor"></canvas></section></main><script type="module" src="./index.js"></script></body></html>
+        box-sizing: border-box;
+      }
+      html,
+      body {
+        height: 100%;
+        margin: 0;
+        overflow: hidden;
+        background: #0b0e14;
+        color: #eef2f8;
+        font:
+          14px Inter,
+          system-ui,
+          sans-serif;
+      }
+      main {
+        display: grid;
+        grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 3fr) minmax(380px, 2fr);
+        height: 100%;
+      }
+      .viewport,
+      .editor {
+        min-width: 0;
+        min-height: 0;
+        position: relative;
+      }
+      canvas {
+        display: block;
+        width: 100%;
+        height: 100%;
+      }
+      #canvas0 {
+        background: #090d16;
+      }
+      .toolbar {
+        position: absolute;
+        z-index: 2;
+        inset: 18px 18px auto;
+        display: flex;
+        align-items: end;
+        gap: 14px;
+        padding: 13px 16px;
+        border: 1px solid #ffffff18;
+        border-radius: 10px;
+        background: #111722e8;
+        box-shadow: 0 12px 30px #0008;
+      }
+      .brand {
+        margin-right: auto;
+      }
+      .brand strong {
+        display: block;
+        font-size: 17px;
+        letter-spacing: 0.08em;
+      }
+      .brand small {
+        color: #8d9bb1;
+      }
+      .field {
+        display: grid;
+        gap: 5px;
+        color: #9da9ba;
+        font-size: 11px;
+        text-transform: uppercase;
+        letter-spacing: 0.08em;
+      }
+      #profile-menu { min-width: 210px; color: #9da9ba; }
+      #profile-menu summary { cursor: pointer; color: #eef2f8; }
+      #profile-menu table { width: 100%; font-size: 11px; }
+      #profile-menu th { text-align: left; font-weight: 500; }
+      #profile-menu td { text-align: right; font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; }
+      select,
+      button {
+        font: inherit;
+        color: #eef;
+        background: #202938;
+        border: 1px solid #3a4659;
+        border-radius: 6px;
+        padding: 7px 10px;
+      }
+      button {
+        background: #ba5c2e;
+        border-color: #d77949;
+        font-weight: 650;
+        cursor: pointer;
+      }
+      button:disabled,
+      select:disabled {
+        opacity: 0.48;
+        cursor: wait;
+      }
+      #demo-status {
+        position: absolute;
+        z-index: 2;
+        left: 18px;
+        bottom: 18px;
+        padding: 9px 12px;
+        border-radius: 7px;
+        background: #0b1019dc;
+        color: #bac6d8;
+        box-shadow: 0 5px 20px #0008;
+      }
+      .editor {
+        display: grid;
+        grid-template-rows: 58px minmax(0, 1fr);
+        border-left: 1px solid #2d3542;
+        background: #151820;
+      }
+      .editor-bar {
+        display: flex;
+        align-items: center;
+        gap: 12px;
+        padding: 0 14px;
+        border-bottom: 1px solid #303745;
+      }
+      .editor-bar strong {
+        font-size: 15px;
+      }
+      .editor-bar span {
+        color: #9ba7b9;
+      }
+      .fxnode-add-menu {
+        position: fixed; z-index: 20; width: min(280px, calc(100vw - 16px)); max-height: min(440px, calc(100vh - 16px));
+        padding: 8px; overflow: hidden; border: 1px solid #495568; border-radius: 8px; background: #171d27; box-shadow: 0 14px 40px #000b;
+      }
+      .fxnode-add-menu[hidden] { display: none; }
+      .fxnode-add-menu input { width: 100%; padding: 8px; color: #eef2f8; background: #0f141c; border: 1px solid #3a4659; border-radius: 5px; }
+      .fxnode-add-menu__list { max-height: 360px; margin-top: 6px; overflow: auto; }
+      .fxnode-add-menu__group { padding: 8px 7px 3px; color: #8491a5; font-size: 10px; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: .1em; text-transform: uppercase; }
+      .fxnode-add-menu .fxnode-add-menu__option { display: block; width: 100%; padding: 7px 9px; border: 0; text-align: left; text-transform: capitalize; background: transparent; }
+      .fxnode-add-menu__option[aria-selected="true"] { background: #394a64; outline: 1px solid #6883aa; }
+      @media (max-width: 820px) {
+        main {
+          grid-template-columns: 1fr;
+          grid-template-rows: 52% 48%;
+        }
+        .editor {
+          border-left: 0;
+          border-top: 1px solid #2d3542;
+        }
+        .toolbar {
+          flex-wrap: wrap;
+        }
+        .brand {
+          width: 100%;
+        }
+      }
+    </style>
+  </head>
+  <body>
+    <main>
+      <section class="viewport" aria-label="Rendered scene">
+        <div class="toolbar">
+          <div class="brand">
+            <strong>YAWN</strong><small>Render Graph Studio</small>
+          </div>
+          <label class="field" for="loadout-select"
+            >Scene loadout<select id="loadout-select">
+              <option value="cubes">Cubes</option>
+              <option value="spheres">UV spheres</option>
+              <option value="materials">Phase 6 PBR gallery</option>
+              <option value="manor">The Manor</option>
+              <option value="sponza">Sponza</option>
+            </select></label
+          ><label class="field" for="graph-select"
+            >Graph preset<select id="graph-select">
+              <option value="authored">Authored</option>
+              <option value="midnight">Midnight</option>
+              <option value="ember">Ember</option>
+              <option value="hdr">HDR Fullscreen</option>
+              <option value="culling">GPU frustum culling</option>
+              <option value="tone">Tone map</option>
+              <option value="edges">Edges</option>
+              <option value="bloom">Bloom</option>
+              <option value="combined">Combined</option>
+            </select></label
+          >
+        </div>
+        <canvas id="canvas0"></canvas
+        ><output id="demo-status" aria-live="polite">Starting Phase 8…</output>
+      </section>
+      <section class="editor" aria-label="Render graph editor">
+        <div class="editor-bar">
+          <strong>Authored Graph</strong
+          ><button id="apply-graph" disabled>Apply</button
+          ><span id="graph-status">Loading editor…</span>
+        </div>
+        <canvas id="graph-editor"></canvas>
+      </section>
+    </main>
+    <script type="module" src="./index.js"></script>
+  </body>
+</html>

static/index.js

@@ -6,55 +6,347 @@ import { AuthoringController } from "./render-graph/authoring-controller.js";
 import { createRenderGraphEditor } from "./render-graph/fxnode-editor.js";
 import { renderGraphPresets } from "./render-graph/presets.js";
 
-let renderer,editor,controller,assetAbort,busy=false,cleaned=false;
+let renderer,
-let unsubscribeController=()=>{},unsubscribeSnapshots=()=>{};
+  editor,
+  controller,
+  assetAbort,
+  busy = false,
+  cleaned = false;
+let unsubscribeController = () => {},
+  unsubscribeSnapshots = () => {};
 const listeners = [];
-const on=(target,type,fn)=>{target.addEventListener(type,fn);listeners.push(()=>target.removeEventListener(type,fn));};
+const on = (target, type, fn) => {
-const status=message=>{const node=document.querySelector("#demo-status");if(node)node.textContent=message;};
+  target.addEventListener(type, fn);
-const sameId=(a,b)=>Array.isArray(a)&&Array.isArray(b)&&a[0]===b[0]&&a[1]===b[1];
+  listeners.push(() => target.removeEventListener(type, fn));
-const state={loadout:"cubes",graph:"authored",compiled:{},telemetry:null};
+};
+const status = (message) => {
+  const node = document.querySelector("#demo-status");
+  if (node) node.textContent = message;
+};
+const sameId = (a, b) =>
+  Array.isArray(a) && Array.isArray(b) && a[0] === b[0] && a[1] === b[1];
+const state = {
+  loadout: "cubes",
+  graph: "authored",
+  compiled: {},
+  telemetry: null,
+};
+export const profileRequested = (search) =>
+  new URLSearchParams(search).get("profile") === "1";
+const profileEnabled = profileRequested(location.search);
+function installProfileMenu() {
+  if (!profileEnabled) return;
+  const menu = document.createElement("details");
+  menu.id = "profile-menu";
+  menu.innerHTML =
+    '<summary>GPU profile</summary><div id="profile-status">Waiting for GPU timestamps…</div><table><tbody id="profile-passes"></tbody></table>';
+  document.querySelector(".toolbar")?.append(menu);
+  on(window, "renderer-profile", (event) => {
+    const p = event.detail;
+    document.querySelector("#profile-status").textContent = p.available
+      ? `${p.graph} · epoch ${p.epoch} · ${p.dropped} dropped`
+      : "GPU timestamps unavailable";
+    document.querySelector("#profile-passes").replaceChildren(
+      ...Object.entries(p.passes || {}).map(([id, ms]) => {
+        const row = document.createElement("tr"),
+          name = document.createElement("th"),
+          value = document.createElement("td");
+        name.textContent = id;
+        value.textContent = `${Number(ms).toFixed(3)} ms`;
+        row.append(name, value);
+        return row;
+      }),
+    );
+  });
+}
 
 function publish(telemetry) {
   state.telemetry = telemetry;
-  document.documentElement.dataset.phase8State=JSON.stringify({activeLoadout:state.loadout,activeGraph:state.graph,renderDataRevision:telemetry.revision,renderMode:telemetry.renderMode,activeCompiledId:telemetry.activeCompiledId,activeCompiledGraph:telemetry.activeCompiledGraph,activeCompiledRevision:telemetry.activeCompiledRevision,graphPasses:telemetry.graphPasses,draws:telemetry.draws,instances:telemetry.instances,indices:telemetry.indices,framingRadius:telemetry.framingRadius,gpuError:telemetry.gpuError});
+  document.documentElement.dataset.phase8State = JSON.stringify({
+    activeLoadout: state.loadout,
+    activeGraph: state.graph,
+    renderDataRevision: telemetry.revision,
+    renderMode: telemetry.renderMode,
+    activeCompiledId: telemetry.activeCompiledId,
+    activeCompiledGraph: telemetry.activeCompiledGraph,
+    activeCompiledRevision: telemetry.activeCompiledRevision,
+    activeCompiledSchemaVersion: telemetry.activeCompiledSchemaVersion,
+    graphPasses: telemetry.graphPasses,
+    graphExecutions: telemetry.graphExecutions,
+    graphTextureSlots: telemetry.graphTextureSlots,
+    draws: telemetry.draws,
+    instances: telemetry.instances,
+    indices: telemetry.indices,
+    framingRadius: telemetry.framingRadius,
+    gpuError: telemetry.gpuError,
+  });
 }
 function waitTelemetry(predicate, timeout = 30000) {
-  const current=renderer?.telemetry;if(current&&predicate(current))return Promise.resolve(current);
+  const current = renderer?.telemetry;
-  return new Promise((resolve,reject)=>{let timer;const done=()=>{clearTimeout(timer);removeEventListener("renderer-frame",frame);};const frame=e=>{if(predicate(e.detail)){done();resolve(e.detail);}};timer=setTimeout(()=>{done();reject(new Error("Telemetry confirmation timed out"));},timeout);onAbort=()=>{done();reject(new RendererError("DISPOSED"));};addEventListener("renderer-frame",frame);timer.unref?.();});
+  if (current && predicate(current)) return Promise.resolve(current);
+  return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
+    let timer;
+    const done = () => {
+      clearTimeout(timer);
+      removeEventListener("renderer-frame", frame);
+    };
+    const frame = (e) => {
+      if (predicate(e.detail)) {
+        done();
+        resolve(e.detail);
+      }
+    };
+    timer = setTimeout(() => {
+      done();
+      reject(new Error("Telemetry confirmation timed out"));
+    }, timeout);
+    onAbort = () => {
+      done();
+      reject(new RendererError("DISPOSED"));
+    };
+    addEventListener("renderer-frame", frame);
+    timer.unref?.();
+  });
 }
 let onAbort = () => {};
 async function transaction(label, operation, rollback) {
-  if(busy||cleaned)return false;busy=true;document.querySelectorAll("select, #apply-graph").forEach(x=>x.disabled=true);status(label);
+  if (busy || cleaned) return false;
-  try{const telemetry=await operation();if(cleaned)return false;if(telemetry){publish(telemetry);status(`${state.loadout} · ${state.graph} · ${telemetry.draws} draws · ${telemetry.instances} instances`);}else status(`${state.loadout} · ${state.graph} · committed; telemetry pending`);return true;}
+  busy = true;
-  catch(error){if(!cleaned){try{await rollback?.();}catch(rollbackError){console.error("Phase 8 rollback failed",rollbackError);}console.error("Phase 8 transaction failed",error);status(`Failed · ${error?.code??error?.message??error}`);}return false;}
+  document
-  finally{busy=false;if(!cleaned){document.querySelectorAll("select").forEach(x=>x.disabled=false);const button=document.querySelector("#apply-graph");if(button)button.disabled=controller?.applying||!controller?.dirty;}}
+    .querySelectorAll("select, #apply-graph")
+    .forEach((x) => (x.disabled = true));
+  status(label);
+  try {
+    const telemetry = await operation();
+    if (cleaned) return false;
+    if (telemetry) {
+      publish(telemetry);
+      status(
+        `${state.loadout} · ${state.graph} · ${telemetry.draws} draws · ${telemetry.instances} instances`,
+      );
+    } else
+      status(
+        `${state.loadout} · ${state.graph} · committed; telemetry pending`,
+      );
+    return true;
+  } catch (error) {
+    if (!cleaned) {
+      try {
+        await rollback?.();
+      } catch (rollbackError) {
+        console.error("Phase 8 rollback failed", rollbackError);
+      }
+      console.error("Phase 8 transaction failed", error);
+      status(`Failed · ${error?.code ?? error?.message ?? error}`);
+    }
+    return false;
+  } finally {
+    busy = false;
+    if (!cleaned) {
+      document.querySelectorAll("select").forEach((x) => (x.disabled = false));
+      const button = document.querySelector("#apply-graph");
+      if (button) button.disabled = !controller?.canApply;
+    }
+  }
 }
 async function selectLoadout(next, select) {
-  const previous=state.loadout,targetRevision=(renderer.telemetry?.revision??0)+1;assetAbort=new AbortController();
+  const previous = state.loadout,
-  const ok=await transaction(`Loading ${next}…`,async()=>{const glb=await loadDemoLoadout(next,{signal:assetAbort.signal});await renderer.replaceSceneGlb(glb,{framing:next==="sponza"?"interior":"exterior"});state.loadout=next;return waitTelemetry(x=>x.revision===targetRevision&&x.draws>0&&x.activeCompiledGraph===state.compiled[state.graph].graphId&&x.gpuError===false).catch(()=>null);});
+    targetRevision = (renderer.telemetry?.revision ?? 0) + 1;
-  assetAbort=undefined;if(!ok)select.value=previous;
+  assetAbort = new AbortController();
-}
+  const ok = await transaction(`Loading ${next}…`, async () => {
-async function selectGraph(next,select){
+    const glb = await loadDemoLoadout(next, { signal: assetAbort.signal });
-  const previous=state.graph,compiled=state.compiled[next];
+    await renderer.replaceSceneGlb(glb, {
-  const ok=await transaction(`Activating ${next}…`,async()=>{await renderer.switchCompiledGraph(compiled.compiledId);state.graph=next;return waitTelemetry(x=>sameId(x.activeCompiledId,compiled.compiledId)&&x.activeCompiledGraph===compiled.graphId&&x.activeCompiledRevision===compiled.revision&&x.gpuError===false).catch(()=>null);},async()=>{state.graph=previous;select.value=previous;});
+      framing: next === "sponza" ? "interior" : "exterior",
+    });
+    state.loadout = next;
+    return waitTelemetry(
+      (x) =>
+        x.revision === targetRevision &&
+        x.draws > 0 &&
+        x.activeCompiledGraph === state.compiled[state.graph].graphId &&
+        x.gpuError === false,
+    ).catch(() => null);
+  });
+  assetAbort = undefined;
   if (!ok) select.value = previous;
 }
-async function cleanup(){if(cleaned)return;cleaned=true;removeEventListener("pagehide",pagehide);assetAbort?.abort();onAbort();listeners.splice(0).forEach(fn=>fn());unsubscribeController();unsubscribeSnapshots();try{await editor?.destroy();}finally{renderer?.dispose();}}
+async function selectGraph(next, select) {
-const pagehide=()=>{void cleanup()};
+  const previous = state.graph,
+    compiled = state.compiled[next];
+  const ok = await transaction(
+    `Activating ${next}…`,
+    async () => {
+      await renderer.switchCompiledGraph(compiled.compiledId);
+      state.graph = next;
+      return waitTelemetry(
+        (x) =>
+          sameId(x.activeCompiledId, compiled.compiledId) &&
+          x.activeCompiledGraph === compiled.graphId &&
+          x.activeCompiledRevision === compiled.revision &&
+          x.gpuError === false,
+      ).catch(() => null);
+    },
+    async () => {
+      state.graph = previous;
+      select.value = previous;
+    },
+  );
+  if (!ok) select.value = previous;
+}
+async function cleanup() {
+  if (cleaned) return;
+  cleaned = true;
+  removeEventListener("pagehide", pagehide);
+  assetAbort?.abort();
+  onAbort();
+  listeners.splice(0).forEach((fn) => fn());
+  unsubscribeController();
+  unsubscribeSnapshots();
+  try {
+    await controller?.destroy();
+    await editor?.destroy();
+  } finally {
+    renderer?.dispose();
+  }
+}
+const pagehide = () => {
+  void cleanup();
+};
 
 async function start() {
-  addEventListener("pagehide",pagehide,{once:true});delete document.documentElement.dataset.phase8Ready;await wbg_init();if(cleaned)return;
+  addEventListener("pagehide", pagehide, { once: true });
-  renderer=new RendererClient(main());await renderer.ready;const nextEditor=await createRenderGraphEditor(document.querySelector("#graph-editor"));if(cleaned){await nextEditor.destroy();return}editor=nextEditor;
+  delete document.documentElement.dataset.phase8Ready;
-  controller=new AuthoringController({renderer,getState:editor.getState});const apply=document.querySelector("#apply-graph"),graphStatus=document.querySelector("#graph-status"),loadoutSelect=document.querySelector("#loadout-select"),graphSelect=document.querySelector("#graph-select");
+  await wbg_init();
-  unsubscribeController=controller.subscribe(s=>{apply.disabled=busy||s.applying||!s.dirty;graphStatus.textContent=s.applying?"Applying…":s.dirty?"Unapplied changes":`Authored revision ${s.revision}`;});unsubscribeSnapshots=editor.onSnapshots(()=>controller.markDirty());
+  if (cleaned) return;
-  const authored=await controller.apply(adaptFxNodeSnapshot);state.compiled.authored={...authored,graphId:"demo_forward"};
+  renderer = new RendererClient(main(profileEnabled));
-  for(const [name,preset] of Object.entries(renderGraphPresets)){const compiled=await renderer.compileGraph(preset);state.compiled[name]={...compiled,graphId:preset.graphId,revision:preset.revision};}
+  installProfileMenu();
-  on(window,"renderer-frame",event=>{const expected=state.compiled[state.graph],telemetry=event.detail;if(expected&&telemetry.activeCompiledGraph===expected.graphId&&sameId(telemetry.activeCompiledId,expected.compiledId)&&telemetry.gpuError===false){publish(telemetry);if(!busy)status(`${state.loadout} · ${state.graph} · ${telemetry.draws} draws · ${telemetry.instances} instances`);}});
+  await renderer.ready;
-  on(loadoutSelect,"change",()=>void selectLoadout(loadoutSelect.value,loadoutSelect));on(graphSelect,"change",()=>void selectGraph(graphSelect.value,graphSelect));
+  const nextEditor = await createRenderGraphEditor(
-  on(apply,"click",()=>{const previous=state.graph,previousAuthored=state.compiled.authored;void transaction("Applying authored graph…",async()=>{const compiled=await controller.apply(adaptFxNodeSnapshot);state.compiled.authored={...compiled,graphId:"demo_forward"};state.graph="authored";graphSelect.value="authored";return waitTelemetry(x=>sameId(x.activeCompiledId,compiled.compiledId)&&x.activeCompiledGraph==="demo_forward"&&x.activeCompiledRevision===compiled.revision&&x.gpuError===false).catch(()=>null);},async()=>{state.compiled.authored=previousAuthored;state.graph=previous;graphSelect.value=previous;controller.markDirty();});});
+    document.querySelector("#graph-editor"),
-  await editor.whenRendered();
+  );
-  const initialized=await transaction("Preparing procedural cubes…",async()=>{const targetRevision=(renderer.telemetry?.revision??0)+1;await renderer.replaceSceneGlb(await loadDemoLoadout("cubes"));await renderer.switchCompiledGraph(authored.compiledId);return waitTelemetry(x=>x.revision===targetRevision&&x.draws>0&&x.activeCompiledGraph==="demo_forward"&&x.activeCompiledRevision===authored.revision&&x.gpuError===false);});
+  if (cleaned) {
-  if(!initialized)throw new Error("Initial demo transaction failed");document.documentElement.dataset.phase8Ready="true";
+    await nextEditor.destroy();
+    return;
   }
-const startupError=error=>{if(cleaned)return;console.error("Phase 8 startup failed",error);status(`Startup failed · ${error?.code??error}`);void cleanup();};
+  editor = nextEditor;
-if(document.readyState==="loading")document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",()=>start().catch(startupError),{once:true});else start().catch(startupError);
+  controller = new AuthoringController({
+    renderer,
+    adapt: adaptFxNodeSnapshot,
+  });
+  const apply = document.querySelector("#apply-graph"),
+    graphStatus = document.querySelector("#graph-status"),
+    loadoutSelect = document.querySelector("#loadout-select"),
+    graphSelect = document.querySelector("#graph-select");
+  unsubscribeController = controller.subscribe((s) => {
+    apply.disabled = busy || !s.canApply;
+    graphStatus.textContent = s.error
+      ? `Invalid · ${s.error.code ?? s.error.message}`
+      : s.applying
+        ? "Applying…"
+        : s.dirty
+          ? s.staged
+            ? "Ready to apply"
+            : "Validating…"
+          : `Authored revision ${s.revision}`;
+  });
+  unsubscribeSnapshots = editor.onSnapshots((snapshot) =>
+    controller.markDirty(snapshot),
+  );
+  controller.markDirty(await editor.getState());
+  const authored = await controller.apply();
+  state.compiled.authored = { ...authored, graphId: "authored_gpu_culling" };
+  for (const [name, preset] of Object.entries(renderGraphPresets)) {
+    const compiled = await renderer.compileGraph(preset);
+    state.compiled[name] = {
+      ...compiled,
+      graphId: preset.graphId,
+      revision: preset.revision,
+    };
+  }
+  on(window, "renderer-frame", (event) => {
+    const expected = state.compiled[state.graph],
+      telemetry = event.detail;
+    if (
+      expected &&
+      telemetry.activeCompiledGraph === expected.graphId &&
+      sameId(telemetry.activeCompiledId, expected.compiledId) &&
+      telemetry.gpuError === false
+    ) {
+      publish(telemetry);
+      if (!busy)
+        status(
+          `${state.loadout} · ${state.graph} · ${telemetry.draws} draws · ${telemetry.instances} instances`,
+        );
+    }
+  });
+  on(
+    loadoutSelect,
+    "change",
+    () => void selectLoadout(loadoutSelect.value, loadoutSelect),
+  );
+  on(
+    graphSelect,
+    "change",
+    () => void selectGraph(graphSelect.value, graphSelect),
+  );
+  on(apply, "click", () => {
+    const previous = state.graph,
+      previousAuthored = state.compiled.authored;
+    void transaction(
+      "Applying authored graph…",
+      async () => {
+        const compiled = await controller.apply();
+        state.compiled.authored = {
+          ...compiled,
+          graphId: "authored_gpu_culling",
+        };
+        state.graph = "authored";
+        graphSelect.value = "authored";
+        return waitTelemetry(
+          (x) =>
+            sameId(x.activeCompiledId, compiled.compiledId) &&
+            x.activeCompiledGraph === "authored_gpu_culling" &&
+            x.activeCompiledRevision === compiled.revision &&
+            x.gpuError === false,
+        ).catch(() => null);
+      },
+      async () => {
+        state.compiled.authored = previousAuthored;
+        state.graph = previous;
+        graphSelect.value = previous;
+      },
+    );
+  });
+  await editor.whenRendered();
+  const initialized = await transaction(
+    "Preparing procedural cubes…",
+    async () => {
+      const targetRevision = (renderer.telemetry?.revision ?? 0) + 1;
+      await renderer.replaceSceneGlb(await loadDemoLoadout("cubes"));
+      await renderer.switchCompiledGraph(authored.compiledId);
+      return waitTelemetry(
+        (x) =>
+          x.revision === targetRevision &&
+          x.draws > 0 &&
+          x.activeCompiledGraph === "authored_gpu_culling" &&
+          x.activeCompiledRevision === authored.revision &&
+          x.gpuError === false,
+      );
+    },
+  );
+  if (!initialized) throw new Error("Initial demo transaction failed");
+  document.documentElement.dataset.phase8Ready = "true";
+}
+const startupError = (error) => {
+  if (cleaned) return;
+  console.error("Phase 8 startup failed", error);
+  status(`Startup failed · ${error?.code ?? error}`);
+  void cleanup();
+};
+if (document.readyState === "loading")
+  document.addEventListener(
+    "DOMContentLoaded",
+    () => start().catch(startupError),
+    { once: true },
+  );
+else start().catch(startupError);

static/render-graph/adapter.js

@@ -1,75 +1,420 @@
-import { CATALOG_VERSION, descriptors, GRAPH_ID } from "./catalog.js";
+import {
+  CATALOG_VERSION,
+  descriptors,
+  GRAPH_ID,
+  nodeDefinitions,
+  socketTypes,
+} from "./catalog.js";
 
 export class AuthoringGraphError extends Error {
-  constructor(code, details = {}) { super(code); this.name="AuthoringGraphError"; this.code=code; this.details=Object.freeze(details); }
+  constructor(code, details = {}) {
+    super(code);
+    this.name = "AuthoringGraphError";
+    this.code = code;
+    this.details = Object.freeze({ ...details });
   }
-const fail=(code,details)=>{throw new AuthoringGraphError(code,details)};
-const object=v=>v !== null && typeof v === "object" && !Array.isArray(v);
-const validId=v=>typeof v === "string" && /^[A-Za-z][A-Za-z0-9_.-]*$/.test(v) && new TextEncoder().encode(v).length<=64;
-const validSocketId=v=>typeof v === "string" && /^[A-Za-z][A-Za-z0-9_.-]*:[A-Za-z][A-Za-z0-9_.-]*$/.test(v) && new TextEncoder().encode(v).length<=129;
-const keysEqual=(a,b)=>a.length===b.length && a.every(x=>b.includes(x));
-
-/** Validate hostile fxnode state and return an app-owned, layout-free projection. */
-export function projectAuthoringSnapshot(raw) {
-  if(!object(raw)||!Array.isArray(raw.nodes)||!Array.isArray(raw.links)) fail("AUTHORING_SHAPE",{field:"snapshot"});
-  if(raw.graphId!==GRAPH_ID||raw.catalogVersion!==CATALOG_VERSION) fail("AUTHORING_CATALOG",{graphId:raw.graphId,catalogVersion:raw.catalogVersion});
-  const nodeIds=new Set(), socketIds=new Set(), byId=new Map(), byType=new Map();
-  for(const n of raw.nodes){
-    if(!object(n)||!validId(n.id)) fail("AUTHORING_ID",{kind:"node",id:n?.id});
-    if(nodeIds.has(n.id)) fail("AUTHORING_ID_DUPLICATE",{kind:"node",id:n.id}); nodeIds.add(n.id);
-    const d=descriptors[n.typeId];
-    if(!d) fail("AUTHORING_NODE_TYPE",{nodeId:n.id,typeId:n.typeId});
-    if(n.known!==true) fail("AUTHORING_NODE_UNKNOWN",{nodeId:n.id});
-    if(n.typeVersion!==d.version) fail("AUTHORING_NODE_VERSION",{nodeId:n.id,expected:d.version,actual:n.typeVersion});
-    if(typeof n.muted!=="boolean") fail("AUTHORING_NODE_MUTED",{nodeId:n.id});
-    if(n.muted&&n.typeId!=="scene_forward") fail("AUTHORING_NODE_MUTED",{nodeId:n.id});
-    if(byType.has(n.typeId)) fail("AUTHORING_TOPOLOGY",{reason:"duplicate-type",typeId:n.typeId});
-    if(!Array.isArray(n.sockets)||!keysEqual(n.sockets.map(s=>s?.key),Object.keys(d.sockets))) fail("AUTHORING_SOCKET_SET",{nodeId:n.id});
-    const sockets={};
-    for(const s of n.sockets){ const expected=d.sockets[s.key];
-      if(!object(s)||!validSocketId(s.id)) fail("AUTHORING_ID",{kind:"socket",id:s?.id});
-      if(socketIds.has(s.id)) fail("AUTHORING_ID_DUPLICATE",{kind:"socket",id:s.id}); socketIds.add(s.id);
-      if(s.direction!==expected[0]||s.dataType!==expected[1]) fail("AUTHORING_SOCKET",{nodeId:n.id,socket:s.key});
-      sockets[s.key]={id:s.id,direction:s.direction,type:s.dataType,nodeId:n.id};
-    }
-    const p=object(n.parameters)?n.parameters:null;
-    if(!p||!keysEqual(Object.keys(p),d.parameters)) fail("AUTHORING_PARAMETERS",{nodeId:n.id});
-    let parameters={};
-    if(n.typeId==="scene_forward"){
-      const c=p.clearColor, z=p.clearDepth;
-      if(!object(c)||c.kind!=="color"||!Array.isArray(c.value)||c.value.length!==4||c.value.some(v=>!Number.isFinite(v)||v<0||v>1)) fail("AUTHORING_PARAMETER",{parameter:"clearColor"});
-      if(!object(z)||z.kind!=="number"||!Number.isFinite(z.value)||z.value<0||z.value>1) fail("AUTHORING_PARAMETER",{parameter:"clearDepth"});
-      parameters={clearColor:[...c.value],clearDepth:z.value};
-    }
-    const projected={type:n.typeId,id:n.id,sockets,parameters,muted:n.muted}; byId.set(n.id,projected); byType.set(n.typeId,projected);
-  }
-  if(!keysEqual([...byType.keys()],Object.keys(descriptors))) fail("AUTHORING_TOPOLOGY",{reason:"node-set"});
-  const linkIds=new Set(), incoming=new Set(), links=[];
-  for(const l of raw.links){
-    if(!object(l)||!validId(l.id)) fail("AUTHORING_ID",{kind:"link",id:l?.id});
-    if(linkIds.has(l.id)) fail("AUTHORING_ID_DUPLICATE",{kind:"link",id:l.id}); linkIds.add(l.id);
-    if(typeof l.muted!=="boolean") fail("AUTHORING_LINK",{linkId:l.id,reason:"muted"});
-    const from=byId.get(l.fromNodeId),to=byId.get(l.toNodeId),fs=from&&Object.values(from.sockets).find(s=>s.id===l.fromSocketId),ts=to&&Object.values(to.sockets).find(s=>s.id===l.toSocketId);
-    if(!fs||!ts||fs.direction!=="output"||ts.direction!=="input"||fs.type!==ts.type) fail("AUTHORING_LINK",{linkId:l.id});
-    if(incoming.has(ts.id)) fail("AUTHORING_LINK_INCOMING",{socketId:ts.id}); incoming.add(ts.id);
-    links.push({from:`${from.type}.${Object.keys(from.sockets).find(k=>from.sockets[k]===fs)}`,to:`${to.type}.${Object.keys(to.sockets).find(k=>to.sockets[k]===ts)}`,muted:l.muted});
-  }
-  const required=["surface_color.surface>scene_forward.color","depth32.depth>scene_forward.depth","scene_forward.result>present.surface"];
-  const active=links.filter(l=>!l.muted).map(l=>`${l.from}>${l.to}`).sort();
-  if(!keysEqual(active,required.sort())||links.length!==3) fail("AUTHORING_TOPOLOGY",{reason:"links"});
-  return Object.freeze({graphId:GRAPH_ID,clearColor:byType.get("scene_forward").parameters.clearColor,clearDepth:byType.get("scene_forward").parameters.clearDepth,passState:byType.get("scene_forward").muted?"disabled":"enabled"});
 }
 
-export function semanticProjectionToV1(p, revision=1){
+const fail = (code, details) => {
-  if(!Number.isInteger(revision)||revision<1||revision>0xffffffff) fail("AUTHORING_REVISION",{revision});
+  throw new AuthoringGraphError(code, details);
-  const extent={kind:"surface_relative",width:{numerator:1,denominator:1},height:{numerator:1,denominator:1},depthOrArrayLayers:1};
+};
-  return {schemaVersion:1,graphId:p.graphId,revision,resources:[
+const object = (value) =>
-    {id:"surface",version:0,residency:{kind:"external",source:"surface_color"},texture:{dimension:"d2",format:"surface",extent,mipLevelCount:1,sampleCount:1}},
+  value !== null && typeof value === "object" && !Array.isArray(value);
-    {id:"depth",version:0,residency:{kind:"transient"},texture:{dimension:"d2",format:"depth32_float",extent,mipLevelCount:1,sampleCount:1}},
+const identifier = (value) =>
-  ],passes:[{id:"forward",state:p.passState,executor:{key:"scene_forward",version:1},parameters:{},reads:[],writes:[
+  typeof value === "string" &&
-    {binding:"color",resource:{id:"surface",version:0},access:{kind:"color_attachment",location:0,load:{op:"clear",value:p.clearColor},store:"store"}},
+  /^[A-Za-z][A-Za-z0-9_.-]*$/.test(value) &&
-    {binding:"depth",resource:{id:"depth",version:0},access:{kind:"depth_attachment",load:{op:"clear",value:p.clearDepth},store:"store"}},
+  new TextEncoder().encode(value).length <= 64;
-  ]}],outputs:[{name:"present",resource:{id:"surface",version:0}}]};
+const exactKeys = (value, keys) =>
+  object(value) &&
+  Object.keys(value).length === keys.length &&
+  keys.every((key) => Object.hasOwn(value, key));
+const finiteJson = (value) =>
+  value === null ||
+  typeof value === "string" ||
+  typeof value === "boolean" ||
+  (typeof value === "number" && Number.isFinite(value)) ||
+  (Array.isArray(value) && value.every(finiteJson)) ||
+  (object(value) && Object.values(value).every(finiteJson));
+const canonical = (value) =>
+  Array.isArray(value)
+    ? value.map(canonical)
+    : object(value)
+      ? Object.fromEntries(
+          Object.keys(value)
+            .sort()
+            .map((key) => [key, canonical(value[key])]),
+        )
+      : value;
+const deepFreeze = (value) => {
+  if (value && typeof value === "object" && !Object.isFrozen(value)) {
+    Object.freeze(value);
+    for (const child of Object.values(value)) deepFreeze(child);
+  }
+  return value;
+};
+const sourceMaps = new WeakMap();
+export const getSourceMap = (ir) => sourceMaps.get(ir);
+export const mapAuthoringDiagnostic = (ir, diagnostic) => {
+  const details = diagnostic?.details;
+  const path = [details?.path, diagnostic?.path, details?.field, diagnostic?.field]
+    .find((value) => typeof value === "string");
+  const map = getSourceMap(ir);
+  let match;
+  if (path && map)
+    for (const key of Object.keys(map))
+      if (
+        (path === key || path.startsWith(`${key}.`) || path.startsWith(`${key}[`)) &&
+        (!match || key.length > match.length)
+      )
+        match = key;
+  return deepFreeze({
+    name: diagnostic?.name,
+    code: diagnostic?.code,
+    message: details?.message ?? diagnostic?.message ?? diagnostic?.code,
+    details: details === undefined ? undefined : structuredClone(details),
+    path,
+    source: match ? structuredClone(map[match]) : undefined,
+  });
+};
+
+const mapValuePaths = (paths, path, source, value) => {
+  paths[path] = source;
+  if (Array.isArray(value))
+    value.forEach((child, index) => mapValuePaths(paths, `${path}[${index}]`, source, child));
+  else if (object(value))
+    for (const key of Object.keys(value))
+      mapValuePaths(paths, `${path}.${key}`, source, value[key]);
+};
+
+function parameterValue(raw, schema, nodeId, key) {
+  const expected = schema.type === "json" ? "json" : schema.type;
+  if (
+    !exactKeys(raw, ["kind", "value"]) ||
+    raw.kind !== expected ||
+    !finiteJson(raw.value)
+  )
+    fail("AUTHORING_PARAMETER", { nodeId, parameter: key });
+  if (
+    (expected === "number" && typeof raw.value !== "number") ||
+    (expected === "string" && typeof raw.value !== "string") ||
+    (expected === "boolean" && typeof raw.value !== "boolean") ||
+    (expected === "json" && !finiteJson(raw.value))
+  )
+    fail("AUTHORING_PARAMETER", { nodeId, parameter: key });
+  return canonical(structuredClone(raw.value));
+}
+
+export function adaptFxNodeSnapshot(raw, revision = 1) {
+  try {
+    const rootKeys = ["graphId", "catalogVersion", "nodes", "links", "metadata", "version"];
+    if (
+      !exactKeys(raw, rootKeys) ||
+      !Array.isArray(raw.nodes) ||
+      !Array.isArray(raw.links) ||
+      !object(raw.metadata) ||
+      !finiteJson(raw.metadata)
+    )
+      fail("AUTHORING_SHAPE");
+    if (raw.graphId !== GRAPH_ID || raw.catalogVersion !== CATALOG_VERSION)
+      fail("AUTHORING_CATALOG");
+    if (
+      !Number.isSafeInteger(raw.version) || raw.version < 0
+    )
+      fail("AUTHORING_SHAPE");
+    if (!Number.isInteger(revision) || revision < 1 || revision > 0xffffffff)
+      fail("AUTHORING_REVISION");
+    const nodes = new Map(),
+      sockets = new Map(),
+      paths = {};
+    for (let ordinal = 0; ordinal < raw.nodes.length; ordinal++) {
+      const n = raw.nodes[ordinal];
+      if (!object(n) || !identifier(n.id)) fail("AUTHORING_ID", { id: n?.id });
+      if (nodes.has(n.id)) fail("AUTHORING_ID_DUPLICATE", { id: n.id });
+      const descriptor = descriptors[n.typeId],
+        definition = nodeDefinitions[n.typeId];
+      if (!descriptor)
+        fail("AUTHORING_NODE_TYPE", { nodeId: n.id, typeId: n.typeId });
+      const nodeKeys = ["id", "typeId", "typeVersion", "position", "size", "label", "parameters", "sockets", "muted", "collapsed", "extensions", "known"];
+      if (Object.hasOwn(n, "parentId")) nodeKeys.push("parentId");
+      if (
+        !exactKeys(n, nodeKeys) ||
+        n.known !== true ||
+        n.typeVersion !== 1 ||
+        typeof n.muted !== "boolean" ||
+        typeof n.collapsed !== "boolean" ||
+        typeof n.label !== "string" ||
+        !exactKeys(n.position, ["x", "y"]) || !Number.isFinite(n.position.x) || !Number.isFinite(n.position.y) ||
+        !exactKeys(n.size, ["x", "y"]) || !Number.isFinite(n.size.x) || !Number.isFinite(n.size.y) || n.size.x <= 0 || n.size.y <= 0 ||
+        (Object.hasOwn(n, "parentId") && !identifier(n.parentId)) ||
+        !object(n.extensions) || !finiteJson(n.extensions) ||
+        !Array.isArray(n.sockets) ||
+        !object(n.parameters)
+      )
+        fail("AUTHORING_NODE_INVALID", { nodeId: n.id });
+      const parameterKeys = Object.keys(definition.parameters);
+      if (
+        Object.keys(n.parameters).length !== parameterKeys.length ||
+        !parameterKeys.every((key) => Object.hasOwn(n.parameters, key))
+      )
+        fail("AUTHORING_PARAMETER_SET", { nodeId: n.id });
+      const parameters = Object.fromEntries(
+        parameterKeys.map((key) => [
+          key,
+          parameterValue(
+            n.parameters[key],
+            definition.parameters[key],
+            n.id,
+            key,
+          ),
+        ]),
+      );
+      const expected = [
+        ...Object.keys(descriptor.inputs),
+        ...Object.keys(descriptor.outputs),
+      ];
+      if (n.sockets.length !== expected.length)
+        fail("AUTHORING_SOCKET_SET", { nodeId: n.id });
+      for (const s of n.sockets) {
+        if (!object(s) || !expected.includes(s.key) || sockets.has(s.id))
+          fail("AUTHORING_SOCKET", { nodeId: n.id, socket: s?.key });
+        const input = descriptor.inputs[s.key],
+          socketDefinition = definition.sockets[s.key],
+          direction = input ? "input" : "output",
+          dataType = socketDefinition.type,
+          socketKeys = ["id", "key", "label", "direction", "dataType", "accepts", "maxIncomingLinks", ...(socketDefinition.value ? ["defaultValue"] : []), "visible"];
+        if (
+          !exactKeys(s, socketKeys) ||
+          s.id !== `${n.id}:${s.key}` ||
+          s.label !== socketDefinition.title ||
+          s.direction !== direction ||
+          s.dataType !== dataType ||
+          !Array.isArray(s.accepts) || s.accepts.length !== (direction === "input" ? socketTypes[dataType].acceptsFrom.length : 0) ||
+          !s.accepts.every((v, i) => v === (direction === "input" ? socketTypes[dataType].acceptsFrom[i] : undefined)) ||
+          (socketDefinition.value
+            ? !exactKeys(s.defaultValue, ["kind", "value"]) || !finiteJson(s.defaultValue.value)
+            : s.defaultValue !== undefined) ||
+          s.visible !== socketDefinition.visible ||
+          s.maxIncomingLinks !== socketDefinition.maxIncomingLinks
+        )
+          fail("AUTHORING_SOCKET", { nodeId: n.id, socket: s.key });
+        sockets.set(s.id, {
+          node: n.id,
+          key: s.key,
+          direction,
+          semanticType: input
+            ? input.accepted.types[0]
+            : descriptor.outputs[s.key].type,
+          authoringType: s.dataType,
+          maxIncomingLinks: s.maxIncomingLinks,
+        });
+      }
+      if (new Set(n.sockets.map((s) => s.key)).size !== expected.length)
+        fail("AUTHORING_SOCKET_SET", { nodeId: n.id });
+      nodes.set(n.id, {
+        ordinal,
+        value: {
+          id: n.id,
+          state: n.muted ? "muted" : "enabled",
+          executor: { key: n.typeId, version: 1 },
+          parameters,
+          inputs: {},
+        },
+      });
+    }
+    const incoming = new Map(),
+      linkIds = new Set(),
+      linkSources = new Map();
+    for (let ordinal = 0; ordinal < raw.links.length; ordinal++) {
+      const link = raw.links[ordinal];
+      if (
+        !object(link) ||
+        !identifier(link.id) ||
+        linkIds.has(link.id) ||
+        !exactKeys(link, ["id", "fromNodeId", "fromSocketId", "toNodeId", "toSocketId", "muted", "extensions"]) ||
+        typeof link.muted !== "boolean" || !object(link.extensions) || !finiteJson(link.extensions)
+      )
+        fail("AUTHORING_LINK", { linkId: link?.id });
+      linkIds.add(link.id);
+      const from = sockets.get(link.fromSocketId),
+        to = sockets.get(link.toSocketId);
+      if (
+        !from ||
+        !to ||
+        link.fromNodeId !== from.node ||
+        link.toNodeId !== to.node ||
+        from.direction !== "output" ||
+        to.direction !== "input" ||
+        (!link.muted && (incoming.get(link.toSocketId) ?? 0) >= to.maxIncomingLinks)
+      )
+        fail(
+          !link.muted && (incoming.get(link.toSocketId) ?? 0) >= (to?.maxIncomingLinks ?? Infinity)
+            ? "AUTHORING_LINK_INCOMING"
+            : "AUTHORING_LINK",
+          !link.muted && (incoming.get(link.toSocketId) ?? 0) >= (to?.maxIncomingLinks ?? Infinity)
+            ? { socketId: link.toSocketId }
+            : { linkId: link.id },
+        );
+      const accepted =
+        descriptors[nodes.get(to.node).value.executor.key].inputs[to.key]
+          .accepted.types;
+      const authoringAccepted = socketTypes[nodeDefinitions[nodes.get(to.node).value.executor.key].sockets[to.key].type].acceptsFrom;
+      if (!accepted.includes(from.semanticType) || !authoringAccepted.includes(from.authoringType))
+        fail("AUTHORING_LINK_TYPE", { linkId: link.id });
+      const linkSource = {
+        kind: "link",
+        linkId: link.id,
+        fromNodeId: link.fromNodeId,
+        fromSocketId: link.fromSocketId,
+        toNodeId: link.toNodeId,
+        toSocketId: link.toSocketId,
+        muted: link.muted,
+        nodeId: to.node,
+        input: to.key,
+        fromSocket: from.key,
+        toSocket: to.key,
+      };
+      linkSources.set(link.id, linkSource);
+      if (!link.muted) {
+        incoming.set(link.toSocketId, (incoming.get(link.toSocketId) ?? 0) + 1);
+        nodes.get(to.node).value.inputs[to.key] = {
+          node: from.node,
+          socket: from.key,
+        };
+      }
+    }
+    const ordered = [...nodes.values()].sort((a, b) =>
+      a.value.id < b.value.id
+        ? -1
+        : a.value.id > b.value.id
+          ? 1
+          : a.ordinal - b.ordinal,
+    );
+    for (let wireOrdinal = 0; wireOrdinal < ordered.length; wireOrdinal++) {
+      const item = ordered[wireOrdinal];
+      item.value.inputs = Object.fromEntries(
+        Object.keys(descriptors[item.value.executor.key].inputs)
+          .filter((key) => Object.hasOwn(item.value.inputs, key))
+          .map((key) => [key, item.value.inputs[key]]),
+      );
+      const base = `nodes[${wireOrdinal}]`;
+      const nodeSource = { kind: "node", nodeId: item.value.id };
+      paths[base] = nodeSource;
+      for (const field of ["id", "state", "executor", "executor.key", "executor.version"])
+        paths[`${base}.${field}`] = nodeSource;
+      paths[`${base}.parameters`] = nodeSource;
+      for (const key of Object.keys(item.value.parameters))
+        mapValuePaths(paths, `${base}.parameters.${key}`, { kind: "parameter", nodeId: item.value.id, parameter: key }, item.value.parameters[key]);
+      for (const key of Object.keys(descriptors[item.value.executor.key].inputs)) {
+        const link = raw.links.find((x) => !x.muted && x.toNodeId === item.value.id && sockets.get(x.toSocketId)?.key === key);
+        const source = linkSources.get(link?.id) ?? {
+          kind: "input",
+          nodeId: item.value.id,
+          input: key,
+          socketId: `${item.value.id}:${key}`,
+          unconnected: true,
+        };
+        paths[`${base}.inputs.${key}`] = source;
+        if (link) {
+          paths[`${base}.inputs.${key}.node`] = source;
+          paths[`${base}.inputs.${key}.socket`] = {
+            kind: "socket",
+            nodeId: link.fromNodeId,
+            socketId: link.fromSocketId,
+            socket: sockets.get(link.fromSocketId).key,
+            linkId: link.id,
+          };
+        }
+      }
+      paths[`${base}.inputs`] = nodeSource;
+    }
+    const ir = {
+      schemaVersion: 2,
+      graphId: GRAPH_ID,
+      revision,
+      nodes: ordered.map((item) => item.value),
+    };
+    const graphSource = { kind: "graph", graphId: GRAPH_ID };
+    for (const field of ["schemaVersion", "graphId", "revision", "nodes"])
+      paths[field] = graphSource;
+    deepFreeze(paths);
+    deepFreeze(ir);
+    sourceMaps.set(ir, paths);
+    return ir;
+  } catch (error) {
+    if (error instanceof AuthoringGraphError) throw error;
+    fail("AUTHORING_SHAPE");
+  }
 }
-export const adaptFxNodeSnapshot=(snapshot,revision=1)=>semanticProjectionToV1(projectAuthoringSnapshot(snapshot),revision);
 export const adaptGraphSnapshot = adaptFxNodeSnapshot;
+
+/** Compatibility helper retained for V1 presets. */
+export function semanticProjectionToV1(p, revision = 1) {
+  const extent = {
+    kind: "surface_relative",
+    width: { numerator: 1, denominator: 1 },
+    height: { numerator: 1, denominator: 1 },
+    depthOrArrayLayers: 1,
+  };
+  return {
+    schemaVersion: 1,
+    graphId: p.graphId,
+    revision,
+    resources: [
+      {
+        id: "surface",
+        version: 0,
+        residency: { kind: "external", source: "surface_color" },
+        texture: {
+          dimension: "d2",
+          format: "surface",
+          extent,
+          mipLevelCount: 1,
+          sampleCount: 1,
+        },
+      },
+      {
+        id: "depth",
+        version: 0,
+        residency: { kind: "transient" },
+        texture: {
+          dimension: "d2",
+          format: "depth32_float",
+          extent,
+          mipLevelCount: 1,
+          sampleCount: 1,
+        },
+      },
+    ],
+    passes: [
+      {
+        id: "forward",
+        state: p.passState,
+        executor: { key: "scene_forward", version: 1 },
+        parameters: {},
+        reads: [],
+        writes: [
+          {
+            binding: "color",
+            resource: { id: "surface", version: 0 },
+            access: {
+              kind: "color_attachment",
+              location: 0,
+              load: { op: "clear", value: p.clearColor },
+              store: "store",
+            },
+          },
+          {
+            binding: "depth",
+            resource: { id: "depth", version: 0 },
+            access: {
+              kind: "depth_attachment",
+              load: { op: "clear", value: p.clearDepth },
+              store: "store",
+            },
+          },
+        ],
+      },
+    ],
+    outputs: [{ name: "present", resource: { id: "surface", version: 0 } }],
+  };
+}

static/render-graph/add-node-menu.js

@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+import { semanticCatalog } from "./catalog.js";
+
+const GROUPS = Object.freeze([
+  ["source", "Source"],
+  ["compute", "Compute"],
+  ["render", "Render / post"],
+  ["present", "Present"],
+]);
+
+const title = (typeId) => typeId.replaceAll("_", " ");
+
+/** Application-owned, immutable add-node catalog model. */
+export const addNodeItems = Object.freeze(
+  GROUPS.flatMap(([execution, group]) =>
+    Object.entries(semanticCatalog)
+      .filter(([, definition]) => definition.execution === execution)
+      .map(([typeId]) => Object.freeze({ typeId, title: title(typeId), group })),
+  ),
+);
+
+export function searchAddNodeItems(query, items = addNodeItems) {
+  const terms = query.trim().toLocaleLowerCase().split(/\s+/).filter(Boolean);
+  return items.filter((item) => terms.every((term) =>
+    `${item.title} ${item.typeId} ${item.group}`.toLocaleLowerCase().includes(term),
+  ));
+}
+
+export function moveAddNodeSelection(index, delta, length) {
+  return length ? ((Math.max(0, index) + delta) % length + length) % length : -1;
+}
+
+/** Creates one transient DOM menu owned by the application rather than fxnode. */
+export function createAddNodeMenu(ownerDocument = document) {
+  const ownerWindow = ownerDocument.defaultView;
+  const root = ownerDocument.createElement("div");
+  root.className = "fxnode-add-menu";
+  root.hidden = true;
+  root.setAttribute("role", "dialog");
+  root.setAttribute("aria-label", "Add render graph node");
+  const input = ownerDocument.createElement("input");
+  input.type = "search";
+  input.placeholder = "Search nodes…";
+  input.setAttribute("aria-label", "Search nodes");
+  input.setAttribute("aria-controls", "fxnode-add-options");
+  input.setAttribute("aria-autocomplete", "list");
+  const list = ownerDocument.createElement("div");
+  list.id = "fxnode-add-options";
+  list.className = "fxnode-add-menu__list";
+  list.setAttribute("role", "listbox");
+  root.append(input, list);
+  ownerDocument.body.append(root);
+  let resolve, filtered = addNodeItems, selected = 0, serial = 0, previousFocus;
+
+  const close = (value = null) => {
+    if (root.hidden) return;
+    root.hidden = true;
+    const done = resolve;
+    resolve = undefined;
+    previousFocus?.focus?.();
+    previousFocus = undefined;
+    done?.(value);
+  };
+  const render = () => {
+    filtered = searchAddNodeItems(input.value);
+    selected = filtered.length ? Math.min(Math.max(selected, 0), filtered.length - 1) : -1;
+    list.replaceChildren();
+    let group;
+    for (const [index, item] of filtered.entries()) {
+      if (item.group !== group) {
+        group = item.group;
+        const heading = ownerDocument.createElement("div");
+        heading.className = "fxnode-add-menu__group";
+        heading.textContent = group;
+        heading.setAttribute("role", "presentation");
+        list.append(heading);
+      }
+      const option = ownerDocument.createElement("button");
+      option.type = "button";
+      option.id = `fxnode-add-option-${serial}-${index}`;
+      option.className = "fxnode-add-menu__option";
+      option.dataset.typeId = item.typeId;
+      option.textContent = item.title;
+      option.setAttribute("role", "option");
+      option.setAttribute("aria-selected", String(index === selected));
+      option.tabIndex = -1;
+      option.addEventListener("pointermove", () => { selected = index; render(); });
+      option.addEventListener("click", () => close(item.typeId));
+      list.append(option);
+    }
+    const active = selected >= 0 ? list.querySelector(`[data-type-id="${filtered[selected].typeId}"]`) : null;
+    input.setAttribute("aria-activedescendant", active?.id ?? "");
+    active?.scrollIntoView({ block: "nearest" });
+  };
+  const reposition = () => {
+    if (root.hidden) return;
+    const margin = 8, box = root.getBoundingClientRect();
+    root.style.left = `${Math.max(margin, Math.min(Number(root.dataset.x), ownerWindow.innerWidth - box.width - margin))}px`;
+    root.style.top = `${Math.max(margin, Math.min(Number(root.dataset.y), ownerWindow.innerHeight - box.height - margin))}px`;
+  };
+  input.addEventListener("input", () => { selected = 0; render(); });
+  input.addEventListener("keydown", (event) => {
+    if (event.key === "ArrowDown" || event.key === "ArrowUp") {
+      event.preventDefault(); selected = moveAddNodeSelection(selected, event.key === "ArrowDown" ? 1 : -1, filtered.length); render();
+    } else if (event.key === "Enter" && selected >= 0) {
+      event.preventDefault(); close(filtered[selected].typeId);
+    } else if (event.key === "Escape") { event.preventDefault(); close(); }
+  });
+  const outside = (event) => { if (!root.hidden && !root.contains(event.target)) close(); };
+  ownerDocument.addEventListener("pointerdown", outside, true);
+  ownerWindow.addEventListener("resize", close);
+  ownerWindow.addEventListener("blur", close);
+  return {
+    open({ x, y }) {
+      close();
+      serial++;
+      previousFocus = ownerDocument.activeElement;
+      root.dataset.x = String(x); root.dataset.y = String(y);
+      input.value = ""; selected = 0; root.hidden = false; render(); reposition(); input.focus();
+      return new Promise((done) => { resolve = done; });
+    },
+    close,
+    destroy() {
+      close();
+      ownerDocument.removeEventListener("pointerdown", outside, true);
+      ownerWindow.removeEventListener("resize", close);
+      ownerWindow.removeEventListener("blur", close);
+      root.remove();
+    },
+  };
+}

static/render-graph/authoring-controller.js

@@ -1,14 +1,117 @@
+import { mapAuthoringDiagnostic } from "./adapter.js";
+
 export class AuthoringController {
-  #renderer; #getState; #revision=0; #nextRevision=1; #dirty=true; #applying=null; #listeners=new Set();
+  #renderer; #adapt; #revision = 0; #nextRevision = 1; #generation = 0;
-  constructor({renderer,getState}) { this.#renderer=renderer; this.#getState=getState; }
+  #current; #lastGood; #applyPromise; #listeners = new Set();
-  get revision(){return this.#revision} get dirty(){return this.#dirty} get applying(){return !!this.#applying}
+  #owned = new Map(); #drops = new Map(); #activeCompiles = new Set();
-  subscribe(fn){this.#listeners.add(fn);return()=>this.#listeners.delete(fn)}
+  #disposed = false; #applyingRecord; #scheduler; #debounceMs; #timer; #destroyPromise;
-  markDirty(){this.#dirty=true;this.#emit()}
+
-  #emit(){for(const fn of this.#listeners)fn({revision:this.#revision,dirty:this.#dirty,applying:!!this.#applying})}
+  constructor({ renderer, adapt, scheduler = globalThis, debounceMs = 150 }) {
-  apply(adapt){
+    this.#renderer = renderer; this.#adapt = adapt;
-    if(this.#applying)return this.#applying;
+    this.#scheduler = scheduler; this.#debounceMs = debounceMs;
-    const revision=this.#nextRevision++; this.#dirty=false; this.#emit();
+  }
-    this.#applying=(async()=>{try{const snapshot=await this.#getState();const ir=adapt(snapshot,revision);const compiled=await this.#renderer.compileGraph(ir);await this.#renderer.switchCompiledGraph(compiled.compiledId);this.#revision=revision;return compiled} catch(e){this.#dirty=true;throw e} finally{this.#applying=null;this.#emit()}})();
+  get revision() { return this.#revision; }
-    return this.#applying;
+  get dirty() { return !!this.#current; }
+  get applying() { return !!this.#applyPromise; }
+  get staged() { return this.#current?.candidate ?? null; }
+  get canApply() { return !this.#disposed && !!this.#current?.candidate && !this.#applyPromise; }
+  subscribe(fn) {
+    if (this.#disposed) return () => {};
+    this.#listeners.add(fn); fn(this.#state());
+    return () => this.#listeners.delete(fn);
+  }
+  #state() { return { revision: this.#revision, dirty: this.dirty, applying: this.applying, staged: this.staged, canApply: this.canApply, error: this.#current?.diagnostic ?? null }; }
+  #emit() { if (!this.#disposed) for (const fn of this.#listeners) fn(this.#state()); }
+  #key(id) { return JSON.stringify(id); }
+  #drop(candidate) {
+    if (!candidate) return Promise.resolve();
+    const key = this.#key(candidate.compiledId);
+    if (!this.#owned.has(key)) return this.#drops.get(key) ?? Promise.resolve();
+    if (this.#drops.has(key)) return this.#drops.get(key);
+    let result;
+    try { result = this.#renderer.dropCompiledGraph(candidate.compiledId); }
+    catch (error) { result = Promise.reject(error); }
+    const dropping = Promise.resolve(result)
+      .then(() => { this.#owned.delete(key); })
+      .finally(() => { this.#drops.delete(key); });
+    this.#drops.set(key, dropping);
+    return dropping;
+  }
+  #retire(candidate) { if (candidate) void this.#drop(candidate).catch(() => {}); }
+  #start(record) {
+    if (!record.compile) {
+      record.compile = this.#compile(record);
+      this.#activeCompiles.add(record.compile);
+      record.compile.finally(() => this.#activeCompiles.delete(record.compile));
+    }
+    return record.compile;
+  }
+  #flush(record = this.#current) {
+    if (this.#timer) { this.#scheduler.clearTimeout(this.#timer); this.#timer = undefined; }
+    return record ? this.#start(record) : null;
+  }
+  markDirty(snapshot) {
+    if (this.#disposed) return;
+    const previous = this.#current;
+    const record = { generation: ++this.#generation, snapshot, candidate: null, error: null, diagnostic: null, compile: null };
+    this.#current = record;
+    if (previous?.candidate && previous !== this.#applyingRecord && previous.candidate !== this.#lastGood) this.#retire(previous.candidate);
+    if (this.#timer) this.#scheduler.clearTimeout(this.#timer);
+    this.#timer = this.#scheduler.setTimeout(() => { this.#timer = undefined; if (!this.#disposed) this.#start(record); }, this.#debounceMs);
+    this.#emit();
+  }
+  async #compile(record) {
+    let candidate, ir;
+    try {
+      ir = this.#adapt(record.snapshot, this.#nextRevision++);
+      candidate = await this.#renderer.compileGraph(ir);
+      this.#owned.set(this.#key(candidate.compiledId), candidate);
+      if (this.#disposed || this.#current !== record) { this.#retire(candidate); return null; }
+      record.candidate = candidate; record.error = record.diagnostic = null; this.#emit(); return candidate;
+    } catch (error) {
+      if (candidate) this.#retire(candidate);
+      record.error = error;
+      record.diagnostic = ir ? mapAuthoringDiagnostic(ir, error) : error;
+      if (this.#current === record) this.#emit();
+      return null;
+    }
+  }
+  apply() {
+    if (this.#disposed) return Promise.resolve(null);
+    if (this.#applyPromise) return this.#applyPromise;
+    const record = this.#current;
+    if (!record) return Promise.resolve(this.#lastGood);
+    this.#applyingRecord = record; this.#flush(record);
+    this.#applyPromise = this.#applyRecord(record); this.#emit(); return this.#applyPromise;
+  }
+  async #applyRecord(record) {
+    try {
+      const candidate = record.candidate ?? (await record.compile);
+      if (!candidate) throw record.error ?? new Error("Graph compilation failed");
+      if (this.#disposed || this.#current !== record) { this.#retire(candidate); return null; }
+      await this.#renderer.switchCompiledGraph(candidate.compiledId);
+      const old = this.#lastGood; this.#lastGood = candidate;
+      this.#revision = candidate.revision ?? this.#revision + 1;
+      if (this.#current === record) this.#current = undefined;
+      if (old && old !== candidate) this.#retire(old);
+      return candidate;
+    } finally {
+      if (this.#current !== record && record.candidate && record.candidate !== this.#lastGood) this.#retire(record.candidate);
+      this.#applyPromise = null; this.#applyingRecord = undefined; this.#emit();
+    }
+  }
+  destroy() {
+    if (this.#destroyPromise) return this.#destroyPromise;
+    this.#disposed = true;
+    if (this.#timer) { this.#scheduler.clearTimeout(this.#timer); this.#timer = undefined; }
+    this.#listeners.clear();
+    this.#destroyPromise = this.#finish();
+    return this.#destroyPromise;
+  }
+  async #finish() {
+    const applying = this.#applyPromise;
+    await Promise.allSettled([...(applying ? [applying] : []), ...this.#activeCompiles, ...this.#drops.values()]);
+    await Promise.allSettled([...this.#owned.values()].map((candidate) => this.#drop(candidate)));
+    this.#current = this.#lastGood = undefined;
   }
 }

static/render-graph/browser-host.js

@@ -10,10 +10,12 @@ const sizeCanvas = (canvas, value) => {
 };
 const mods = e => ({ alt:e.altKey, control:e.ctrlKey, meta:e.metaKey, shift:e.shiftKey });
 
-export function prepareBrowserHost(canvas, { onError=console.error, chooseNodeType }={}) {
+export function prepareBrowserHost(canvas, { onError=console.error, requestAddNode }={}) {
   const ownerDocument=canvas.ownerDocument, ownerWindow=ownerDocument.defaultView ?? window;
   const originalTabIndex=canvas.getAttribute("tabindex"), originalTouchAction=canvas.style.touchAction;
-  let view, dead=false, generation=0, resizing=false, pending, appliedViewport, menuPending=false, unsubscribeHost=()=>{};
+  let view, root, dead=false, generation=0, requestEpoch=0, resizing=false, pending, appliedViewport, menuPending=false, menuPoint, unsubscribeHost=()=>{};
+  const rootSubscriptions=[];
+  const invalidateAddNode=()=>{requestEpoch++;menuPending=false;requestAddNode?.close?.()};
   const captured=new Set();
   const initialViewport=viewport(canvas,ownerWindow); appliedViewport=initialViewport; sizeCanvas(canvas,initialViewport);
   canvas.tabIndex=0; canvas.style.touchAction="none";
@@ -22,14 +24,14 @@ export function prepareBrowserHost(canvas, { onError=console.error, chooseNodeTy
     if(!view)return;
     if(e instanceof ownerWindow.PointerEvent){
       const phase=e.type==="pointerdown"?"down":e.type==="pointermove"?"move":e.type==="pointerup"?"up":"cancel";
-      if(phase==="down"){menuPending=e.button===2&&!e.ctrlKey&&(e.buttons&1)===0;canvas.focus();try{canvas.setPointerCapture(e.pointerId);captured.add(e.pointerId)}catch{}}
+      if(phase==="down"){invalidateAddNode();menuPending=e.button===2&&!e.ctrlKey&&!e.altKey&&!e.metaKey&&!e.shiftKey&&(e.buttons&1)===0;menuPoint={x:e.clientX,y:e.clientY};canvas.focus();try{canvas.setPointerCapture(e.pointerId);captured.add(e.pointerId)}catch{}}
       if((phase==="up"||phase==="cancel")&&captured.delete(e.pointerId))try{if(canvas.hasPointerCapture(e.pointerId))canvas.releasePointerCapture(e.pointerId)}catch{}
       view.feedInput({kind:"pointer",phase,pointerId:e.pointerId,pointerType:e.pointerType,position:point(e),button:e.button,buttons:e.buttons,modifiers:mods(e)});
     }else if(e instanceof ownerWindow.WheelEvent){
-      e.preventDefault(); menuPending=false;
+      e.preventDefault(); invalidateAddNode();
       const scale=e.deltaMode===ownerWindow.WheelEvent.DOM_DELTA_LINE?16:e.deltaMode===ownerWindow.WheelEvent.DOM_DELTA_PAGE?Math.max(1,canvas.clientHeight):1;
       view.feedInput({kind:"wheel",position:point(e),delta:{x:e.deltaX*scale,y:e.deltaY*scale},modifiers:mods(e)});
-    }else if(e instanceof ownerWindow.KeyboardEvent){menuPending=false;view.feedInput({kind:"key",phase:e.type==="keydown"?"down":"up",key:e.key,code:e.code,repeat:e.repeat,modifiers:mods(e)});
+    }else if(e instanceof ownerWindow.KeyboardEvent){invalidateAddNode();view.feedInput({kind:"key",phase:e.type==="keydown"?"down":"up",key:e.key,code:e.code,repeat:e.repeat,modifiers:mods(e)});
     }else view.feedInput({kind:"focus",phase:e.type==="focus"?"focus":"blur"});
   };
   const names=["pointerdown","pointermove","pointerup","pointercancel","wheel","keydown","keyup","focus","blur"];
@@ -40,22 +42,23 @@ export function prepareBrowserHost(canvas, { onError=console.error, chooseNodeTy
     resizing=true;
     Promise.resolve(view.setViewport(next)).then(()=>{if(dead||currentGeneration!==generation)return;appliedViewport=next;sizeCanvas(canvas,next)}).catch(error=>{if(!dead&&currentGeneration===generation)onError(error)}).finally(()=>{if(dead||currentGeneration!==generation)return;resizing=false;pump()});
   };
-  const resize=()=>{if(dead)return;pending=viewport(canvas,ownerWindow);pump()};
+  const resize=()=>{if(dead)return;invalidateAddNode();pending=viewport(canvas,ownerWindow);pump()};
   const outside=e=>{if(view&&e.button===0&&e.target!==canvas&&!canvas.contains(e.target)&&view.getHostSnapshot().colorPickerOpen)view.feedInput({kind:"outside-pointer",button:0})};
   const lost=e=>captured.delete(e.pointerId);
   const observer=new ownerWindow.ResizeObserver(resize);
   return {initialViewport,attach(_root,next){
-    view=next;
+    root=_root;view=next;
     for(const n of names)canvas.addEventListener(n,input,{passive:n!=="wheel"});
     canvas.addEventListener("contextmenu",prevent);canvas.addEventListener("lostpointercapture",lost);
     ownerDocument.addEventListener("pointerdown",outside,true);ownerWindow.addEventListener("resize",resize);
-    unsubscribeHost=view.onHostRequests(request=>{if(request.kind!=="add-node-menu"||!menuPending)return;menuPending=false;const typeId=chooseNodeType?.(request);if(typeId)view.addNode({typeId,viewPosition:request.viewPosition}).catch(onError)});
+    unsubscribeHost=view.onHostRequests(request=>{if(request.kind!=="add-node-menu"||!menuPending||request.compositionRevision!==view.getHostSnapshot().compositionRevision){invalidateAddNode();return}menuPending=false;const epoch=requestEpoch;requestAddNode?.(request,menuPoint,()=>!dead&&epoch===requestEpoch);});
+    rootSubscriptions.push(root.onMutations(invalidateAddNode),root.onCompositionChanges(invalidateAddNode));
     observer.observe(canvas);resize();
   },destroy(){
-    if(dead)return;dead=true;generation++;pending=undefined;observer.disconnect();unsubscribeHost();ownerWindow.removeEventListener("resize",resize);ownerDocument.removeEventListener("pointerdown",outside,true);
+    if(dead)return;dead=true;generation++;pending=undefined;invalidateAddNode();observer.disconnect();unsubscribeHost();for(const unsubscribe of rootSubscriptions)unsubscribe();rootSubscriptions.length=0;ownerWindow.removeEventListener("resize",resize);ownerDocument.removeEventListener("pointerdown",outside,true);
     for(const n of names)canvas.removeEventListener(n,input);canvas.removeEventListener("contextmenu",prevent);canvas.removeEventListener("lostpointercapture",lost);
     for(const id of captured)try{if(canvas.hasPointerCapture(id))canvas.releasePointerCapture(id)}catch{}captured.clear();
-    if(originalTabIndex===null)canvas.removeAttribute("tabindex");else canvas.setAttribute("tabindex",originalTabIndex);canvas.style.touchAction=originalTouchAction;view=null;
+    if(originalTabIndex===null)canvas.removeAttribute("tabindex");else canvas.setAttribute("tabindex",originalTabIndex);canvas.style.touchAction=originalTouchAction;view=null;root=null;
   }};
 }
 function prevent(e){e.preventDefault()}

static/render-graph/catalog.js

@@ -1,29 +1,347 @@
-export const GRAPH_ID = "demo_forward";
+export const GRAPH_ID = "authored_gpu_culling";
-export const CATALOG_VERSION = 1;
+export const CATALOG_VERSION = 2;
-
+const exact = (type) => ({ kind: "exact", types: [type] });
-export const socketTypes = {
+const oneOf = (...types) => ({ kind: "one_of", types });
-  surface: { title: "Surface", color: "#62b0ff", acceptsFrom: ["surface"] },
+const i = (type, required = true, authoringType) => ({
-  depth: { title: "Depth", color: "#b58cff", acceptsFrom: ["depth"] },
+  accepted: typeof type === "string" ? exact(type) : type,
-};
+  required,
-export const theme = {
+  ...(authoringType ? { authoringType } : {}),
-  background:"#151820",grid:"#292e3a",frame:"#30343a80",frameHeader:"#59616c",body:"#292e39",control:"#191d26",controlFill:"#4775b8",controlEditing:"#101218",textSelection:"#4775b8",outline:"#0b0d12",text:"#edf1f7",muted:"#969eaa",shadow:"#00000088",nodeSelected:"#ff9f43",nodeActive:"#ffffff",unknownHeader:"#555b64",unknownSocket:"#999999",linkMuted:"#d94b4b",knifeMuted:"#e85b5b",emphasis:"#ffffff",focus:"#f5a623",editOutline:"#666a70",resize:"#8b8e95",muteOverlay:"#14141459",boxSelectionFill:"#f5a6231f",checkerLight:"#aaaaaa",checkerDark:"#777777",widgetBorder:"#111216",rampBorder:"#111111",resourceBackground:"#202228"
-};
-export const styles = { resource:{header:"#3977a8"}, pass:{header:"#426b43"}, output:{header:"#a75d37"} };
-const socket = (title, direction, type) => ({ title,direction,type,maxIncomingLinks:direction === "input" ? 1 : 0,visible:true,value:null,showValue:false });
-const node = (title, style, sockets, parameters = {}) => ({ version:1,title,behavior:"standard",style,parameters,sockets,ui:[...Object.keys(parameters).map(parameter=>({kind:"parameter",parameter})),...Object.keys(sockets).map(socket=>({kind:"socket",socket}))],muteBypass:[],migrations:[] });
-export const nodeDefinitions = {
-  surface_color: node("Surface Color", "resource", { surface:socket("Surface","output","surface") }),
-  depth32: node("Depth 32", "resource", { depth:socket("Depth","output","depth") }),
-  scene_forward: node("Scene Forward", "pass", { color:socket("Color","input","surface"),depth:socket("Depth","input","depth"),result:socket("Result","output","surface") }, {
-    clearColor:{type:"color",default:{kind:"color",value:[0,0,0,1]},minimum:0,maximum:1},
-    clearDepth:{type:"number",default:{kind:"number",value:1},minimum:0,maximum:1,step:0.01},
-  }),
-  present: node("Present", "output", { surface:socket("Surface","input","surface") }),
-};
-
-export const descriptors = Object.freeze({
-  surface_color:{version:1,sockets:{surface:["output","surface"]},parameters:[]},
-  depth32:{version:1,sockets:{depth:["output","depth"]},parameters:[]},
-  scene_forward:{version:1,sockets:{color:["input","surface"],depth:["input","depth"],result:["output","surface"]},parameters:["clearColor","clearDepth"]},
-  present:{version:1,sockets:{surface:["input","surface"]},parameters:[]},
 });
+const o = (type) => ({ type });
+const texture = {
+  residency: "transient",
+  texture: {
+    dimension: "d2",
+    format: "rgba16_float",
+    extent: {
+      kind: "surface_relative",
+      width: { numerator: 1, denominator: 1 },
+      height: { numerator: 1, denominator: 1 },
+      depthOrArrayLayers: 1,
+    },
+    mipLevelCount: 1,
+    sampleCount: 1,
+    viewFormats: [],
+  },
+};
+export const semanticCatalog = Object.freeze({
+  surface_target: {
+    execution: "source",
+    inputs: {},
+    outputs: { surface: o("surface_target") },
+    parameters: {},
+  },
+  texture_spec: {
+    execution: "source",
+    inputs: {},
+    outputs: { spec: o("texture_spec") },
+    parameters: structuredClone(texture),
+  },
+  scene_table: {
+    execution: "source",
+    inputs: {},
+    outputs: { scene: o("scene_table") },
+    parameters: {},
+  },
+  local_aabb_buffer: {
+    execution: "source",
+    inputs: { scene: i("scene_table") },
+    outputs: { localAabbs: o("local_aabb_buffer") },
+    parameters: {},
+  },
+  camera_frustum: {
+    execution: "source",
+    inputs: {},
+    outputs: { frustum: o("camera_frustum") },
+    parameters: {},
+  },
+  visibility_flags: {
+    execution: "source",
+    inputs: { scene: i("scene_table") },
+    outputs: {
+      flags: {
+        ...o("boolean_flag_buffer"),
+        authoringType: "visibility_flag_buffer",
+      },
+    },
+    parameters: {},
+  },
+  frustum_cull: {
+    execution: "compute",
+    inputs: {
+      scene: i("scene_table"),
+      localAabbs: i("local_aabb_buffer"),
+      frustum: i("camera_frustum"),
+    },
+    outputs: {
+      flags: {
+        ...o("boolean_flag_buffer"),
+        authoringType: "frustum_flag_buffer",
+      },
+    },
+    parameters: {},
+  },
+  mesh_query: {
+    execution: "compute",
+    inputs: {
+      scene: i("scene_table"),
+      isVisible: i("boolean_flag_buffer", false, "visibility_flag_buffer"),
+      isFrustumCulled: i("boolean_flag_buffer", false, "frustum_flag_buffer"),
+    },
+    outputs: { draws: o("draw_stream") },
+    parameters: {
+      filters: [
+        { flag: "isVisible", predicate: "required_true" },
+        { flag: "isFrustumCulled", predicate: "required_false" },
+      ],
+    },
+  },
+  depth_stencil_config: {
+    execution: "source",
+    inputs: {},
+    outputs: { config: o("depth_stencil_config") },
+    parameters: {
+      depthCompare: "less_equal",
+      depthWriteEnabled: true,
+      clearDepth: 1,
+    },
+  },
+  legacy_forward: {
+    execution: "render",
+    inputs: {
+      scene: i("scene_table"),
+      draws: i("draw_stream"),
+      colorTarget: i(oneOf("surface_target", "texture_spec", "texture")),
+      depthTarget: i(oneOf("texture_spec", "texture")),
+      depthStencil: i("depth_stencil_config"),
+    },
+    outputs: { color: o("texture"), depth: o("texture") },
+    parameters: { clearColor: [0.015, 0.02, 0.03, 1] },
+  },
+  fullscreen_copy: {
+    execution: "render",
+    inputs: {
+      source: i("texture"),
+      colorTarget: i(oneOf("surface_target", "texture_spec", "texture")),
+    },
+    outputs: { color: o("texture") },
+    parameters: {},
+  },
+  tone_map: {
+    execution: "render",
+    inputs: {
+      source: i("texture"),
+      colorTarget: i(oneOf("surface_target", "texture_spec", "texture")),
+    },
+    outputs: { color: o("texture") },
+    parameters: { exposure: 1 },
+  },
+  bloom_extract: {
+    execution: "render",
+    inputs: {
+      source: i("texture"),
+      colorTarget: i(oneOf("surface_target", "texture_spec", "texture")),
+    },
+    outputs: { color: o("texture") },
+    parameters: { threshold: 1, knee: 0.5 },
+  },
+  bloom_blur: {
+    execution: "render",
+    inputs: {
+      source: i("texture"),
+      colorTarget: i(oneOf("surface_target", "texture_spec", "texture")),
+    },
+    outputs: { color: o("texture") },
+    parameters: { direction: [1, 0], radius: 1 },
+  },
+  bloom_composite: {
+    execution: "render",
+    inputs: {
+      source: i("texture"),
+      bloom: i("texture"),
+      colorTarget: i(oneOf("surface_target", "texture_spec", "texture")),
+    },
+    outputs: { color: o("texture") },
+    parameters: { intensity: 1 },
+  },
+  luminance_edge: {
+    execution: "render",
+    inputs: {
+      source: i("texture"),
+      colorTarget: i(oneOf("surface_target", "texture_spec", "texture")),
+    },
+    outputs: { color: o("texture") },
+    parameters: { strength: 2 },
+  },
+  present: {
+    execution: "present",
+    inputs: { surface: i("texture") },
+    outputs: {},
+    parameters: {},
+  },
+});
+const socketColors = [
+  "#d17c7c",
+  "#d19e7c",
+  "#d1c77c",
+  "#9ed17c",
+  "#7cd1a5",
+  "#7ccbd1",
+  "#7c98d1",
+  "#a27cd1",
+  "#d17cb8",
+];
+export const socketTypes = Object.fromEntries(
+  [
+    "surface_target",
+    "texture_spec",
+    "texture",
+    "scene_table",
+    "local_aabb_buffer",
+    "camera_frustum",
+    "boolean_flag_buffer",
+    "draw_stream",
+    "depth_stencil_config",
+    "visibility_flag_buffer",
+    "frustum_flag_buffer",
+  ].map((type, index) => [
+    type,
+    {
+      title: type.replaceAll("_", " "),
+      color: socketColors[index % socketColors.length],
+      acceptsFrom: [type],
+    },
+  ]),
+);
+socketTypes.surface_target.acceptsFrom = [
+  "surface_target",
+  "texture_spec",
+  "texture",
+];
+socketTypes.texture_spec.acceptsFrom = ["texture_spec", "texture"];
+socketTypes.boolean_flag_buffer.acceptsFrom = [
+  "boolean_flag_buffer",
+  "visibility_flag_buffer",
+  "frustum_flag_buffer",
+];
+export const theme = {
+  background: "#151820",
+  grid: "#292e3a",
+  frame: "#30343a80",
+  frameHeader: "#59616c",
+  body: "#292e39",
+  control: "#24272b",
+  controlFill: "#4775b8",
+  controlEditing: "#181a1d",
+  textSelection: "#4775b8",
+  outline: "#0b0d12",
+  text: "#edf1f7",
+  muted: "#969eaa",
+  shadow: "#00000088",
+  nodeSelected: "#ff9f43",
+  nodeActive: "#ffffff",
+  unknownHeader: "#555b64",
+  unknownSocket: "#999999",
+  linkMuted: "#d94b4b",
+  knifeMuted: "#e85b5b",
+  emphasis: "#ffffff",
+  focus: "#f5a623",
+  editOutline: "#666a70",
+  resize: "#8b8e95",
+  muteOverlay: "#14141459",
+  boxSelectionFill: "#f5a6231f",
+  checkerLight: "#aaaaaa",
+  checkerDark: "#777777",
+  widgetBorder: "#111216",
+  rampBorder: "#111111",
+  resourceBackground: "#202228",
+};
+export const styles = {
+  source: { header: "#3977a8" },
+  compute: { header: "#725a9b" },
+  render: { header: "#426b43" },
+  present: { header: "#a75d37" },
+};
+const socket = (title, direction, type) => ({
+  title,
+  direction,
+  type,
+  maxIncomingLinks: direction === "input" ? 1 : 0,
+  visible: true,
+  value: null,
+  showValue: false,
+});
+const parameterSchema = (value) =>
+  typeof value === "number"
+    ? { type: "number", default: { kind: "number", value } }
+    : typeof value === "string"
+      ? { type: "string", default: { kind: "string", value } }
+      : typeof value === "boolean"
+        ? { type: "boolean", default: { kind: "boolean", value } }
+        : { type: "json", default: { kind: "json", value } };
+export const nodeDefinitions = Object.fromEntries(
+  Object.entries(semanticCatalog).map(([key, c]) => {
+    const sockets = {
+        ...Object.fromEntries(
+          Object.entries(c.inputs).map(([n, v]) => [
+            n,
+            socket(n, "input", v.authoringType ?? v.accepted.types[0]),
+          ]),
+        ),
+        ...Object.fromEntries(
+          Object.entries(c.outputs).map(([n, v]) => [
+            n,
+            socket(n, "output", v.authoringType ?? v.type),
+          ]),
+        ),
+      },
+      parameters = Object.fromEntries(
+        Object.entries(c.parameters).map(([name, value]) => [
+          name,
+          parameterSchema(value),
+        ]),
+      );
+    return [
+      key,
+      {
+        version: 1,
+        title: key.replaceAll("_", " "),
+        behavior: "standard",
+        style: c.execution,
+        parameters,
+        sockets,
+        ui: [
+          ...Object.keys(parameters).map((parameter) => ({
+            kind: "parameter",
+            parameter,
+          })),
+          ...Object.keys(sockets).map((socket) => ({ kind: "socket", socket })),
+        ],
+        muteBypass: [],
+        migrations: [],
+      },
+    ];
+  }),
+);
+export const fxNodeComposition = Object.freeze({
+  schemaVersion: 2,
+  id: "yawn.render-graph",
+  version: CATALOG_VERSION,
+  compatibility: { wildcardInputTypes: [] },
+  socketTypes,
+  nodeStyles: styles,
+  resources: {},
+  theme,
+  nodes: nodeDefinitions,
+});
+export const descriptors = Object.fromEntries(
+  Object.entries(semanticCatalog).map(([key, c]) => [
+    key,
+    {
+      version: 1,
+      inputs: c.inputs,
+      outputs: c.outputs,
+      parameters: c.parameters,
+    },
+  ]),
+);

static/render-graph/fxnode-editor.js

@@ -1,25 +1,155 @@
 import { createFxNode } from "@fxnode/index.ts";
-import { CATALOG_VERSION, GRAPH_ID, nodeDefinitions, socketTypes, styles, theme } from "./catalog.js";
+import { CATALOG_VERSION, GRAPH_ID, fxNodeComposition } from "./catalog.js";
 import { prepareBrowserHost } from "./browser-host.js";
+import { createAddNodeMenu } from "./add-node-menu.js";
+import { createNodeIdAllocator, spawnRequestedNode } from "./node-spawn.js";
 
 const spec = [
-  ["surface","surface_color",{x:40,y:100}],
+  ["surface", "surface_target", { x: 40, y: 40 }],
-  ["depth","depth32",{x:40,y:330}],
+  ["hdr", "texture_spec", { x: 40, y: 170 }],
-  ["forward","scene_forward",{x:360,y:190}],
+  ["depth", "texture_spec", { x: 40, y: 300 }],
-  ["present","present",{x:700,y:220}],
+  ["scene", "scene_table", { x: 40, y: 470 }],
+  ["aabbs", "local_aabb_buffer", { x: 290, y: 430 }],
+  ["frustum", "camera_frustum", { x: 290, y: 590 }],
+  ["visible", "visibility_flags", { x: 290, y: 300 }],
+  ["cull", "frustum_cull", { x: 540, y: 480 }],
+  ["query", "mesh_query", { x: 790, y: 330 }],
+  ["depth_config", "depth_stencil_config", { x: 790, y: 620 }],
+  ["forward", "legacy_forward", { x: 1040, y: 290 }],
+  ["copy", "fullscreen_copy", { x: 1300, y: 250 }],
+  ["present", "present", { x: 1540, y: 250 }],
 ];
 async function seed(root) {
-  await root.setState({graphId:GRAPH_ID,catalogVersion:CATALOG_VERSION,nodes:[],links:[],metadata:{}});
+  await root.setState({
-  for(const [nodeId,nodeType,position] of spec) await root.dispatch({type:"node.add",nodeId,nodeType,position});
+    graphId: GRAPH_ID,
-  for(const link of [
+    catalogVersion: CATALOG_VERSION,
-    {id:"surface_link",fromNodeId:"surface",fromSocketId:"surface:surface",toNodeId:"forward",toSocketId:"forward:color",muted:false,extensions:{}},
+    nodes: [],
-    {id:"depth_link",fromNodeId:"depth",fromSocketId:"depth:depth",toNodeId:"forward",toSocketId:"forward:depth",muted:false,extensions:{}},
+    links: [],
-    {id:"present_link",fromNodeId:"forward",fromSocketId:"forward:result",toNodeId:"present",toSocketId:"present:surface",muted:false,extensions:{}},
+    metadata: {},
-  ]) await root.dispatch({type:"link.add",link});
+  });
+  for (const [nodeId, nodeType, position] of spec)
+    await root.dispatch({ type: "node.add", nodeId, nodeType, position });
+  const links = [
+    ["scene", "scene", "aabbs", "scene"],
+    ["scene", "scene", "visible", "scene"],
+    ["scene", "scene", "cull", "scene"],
+    ["aabbs", "localAabbs", "cull", "localAabbs"],
+    ["frustum", "frustum", "cull", "frustum"],
+    ["scene", "scene", "query", "scene"],
+    ["visible", "flags", "query", "isVisible"],
+    ["cull", "flags", "query", "isFrustumCulled"],
+    ["scene", "scene", "forward", "scene"],
+    ["query", "draws", "forward", "draws"],
+    ["hdr", "spec", "forward", "colorTarget"],
+    ["depth", "spec", "forward", "depthTarget"],
+    ["depth_config", "config", "forward", "depthStencil"],
+    ["forward", "color", "copy", "source"],
+    ["surface", "surface", "copy", "colorTarget"],
+    ["copy", "color", "present", "surface"],
+  ];
+  for (const [a, as, b, bs] of links) {
+    const id = `${a}_${as}_${b}_${bs}`;
+    await root.dispatch({
+      type: "link.add",
+      link: {
+        id,
+        fromNodeId: a,
+        fromSocketId: `${a}:${as}`,
+        toNodeId: b,
+        toSocketId: `${b}:${bs}`,
+        muted: false,
+        extensions: {},
+      },
+    });
+  }
+  const authored = await root.getState(),
+    depth = authored.nodes.find((node) => node.id === "depth");
+  depth.parameters.texture = {
+    kind: "json",
+    value: {
+      dimension: "d2",
+      format: "depth32_float",
+      extent: {
+        kind: "surface_relative",
+        width: { numerator: 1, denominator: 1 },
+        height: { numerator: 1, denominator: 1 },
+        depthOrArrayLayers: 1,
+      },
+      mipLevelCount: 1,
+      sampleCount: 1,
+      viewFormats: [],
+    },
+  };
+  await root.setState(authored);
 }
 export async function createRenderGraphEditor(canvas) {
-  const chooseNodeType=()=>{const value=canvas.ownerDocument.defaultView?.prompt(`Node type: ${Object.keys(nodeDefinitions).join(", ")}`,"scene_forward");return Object.hasOwn(nodeDefinitions,value)?value:null};
+  const allocateId = createNodeIdAllocator();
-  const host=prepareBrowserHost(canvas,{chooseNodeType});let root,view,destroying;
+  let root, view, menu, destroying, dead = false;
-  const destroy=()=>destroying??=(async()=>{host.destroy();try{await view?.detach()}finally{root?.destroy();view=undefined;root=undefined}})();
+  const requestAddNode = Object.assign(async (request, point, isCurrent = () => true) => {
-  try{root=await createFxNode({applicationId:"yawn.render-graph",applicationVersion:1,resources:{}});await root.setTheme(theme);await root.setHeaderStyles(styles);for(const entry of Object.entries(socketTypes))await root.composeSocket(...entry);for(const entry of Object.entries(nodeDefinitions))await root.composeNode(...entry);await seed(root);view=await root.attachView({canvas,viewport:host.initialViewport,initialCamera:{center:{x:470,y:210},zoom:.5}});host.attach(root,view);await view.whenRendered();return {getState:()=>root.getState(),onSnapshots:fn=>root.onSnapshots(fn),whenRendered:()=>view.whenRendered(),destroy};}catch(e){await destroy().catch(()=>{});throw e}
+    let typeId;
+    try { typeId = await menu?.open(point); } catch (error) { if (!dead && isCurrent()) console.error(error); return; }
+    if (dead || !isCurrent() || !root || !view) return;
+    const alive = () => !dead && isCurrent();
+    try { await spawnRequestedNode(root, view, request, typeId, allocateId, alive); } catch (error) { if (!dead) console.error(error); }
+  }, { close: () => menu?.close() });
+  const host = prepareBrowserHost(canvas, { requestAddNode });
+  const destroy = () =>
+    (destroying ??= (async () => {
+      dead = true;
+      host.destroy();
+      menu?.destroy();
+      try {
+        await view?.detach();
+      } finally {
+        root?.destroy();
+        view = undefined;
+        root = undefined;
+      }
+    })());
+  try {
+    root = await createFxNode({
+      applicationId: "yawn.render-graph",
+      applicationVersion: CATALOG_VERSION,
+      resources: {},
+    });
+    await root.loadComposition(fxNodeComposition);
+    await seed(root);
+    view = await root.attachView({
+      canvas,
+      viewport: host.initialViewport,
+      initialCamera: { center: { x: 780, y: 340 }, zoom: 0.34 },
+    });
+    menu = createAddNodeMenu(canvas.ownerDocument);
+    host.attach(root, view);
+    await view.whenRendered();
+    return createEditorFacade(root, view, { requestAddNode, destroy });
+  } catch (e) {
+    await destroy().catch(() => {});
+    throw e;
+  }
+}
+
+/** Creates the small application-facing wrapper around an fxnode root and view. */
+export function createEditorFacade(
+  root,
+  view,
+  { requestAddNode = () => null, destroy = async () => {} } = {},
+) {
+  return {
+    getState: () => root.getState(),
+    getSaveData: () => root.getSaveData(),
+    load: async (data) => {
+      await root.load(data);
+      await view.whenRendered();
+    },
+    loadComposition: async (data) => {
+      await root.loadComposition(data);
+      await view.whenRendered();
+    },
+    onSnapshots: (fn) =>
+      root.onSnapshots((event) => fn(event.snapshot, event.version)),
+    requestAddNode,
+    whenRendered: () => view.whenRendered(),
+    destroy,
+  };
 }

static/render-graph/node-spawn.js

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+/** Allocates a bounded fxnode-safe ID, reserving candidates for this session. */
+export function createNodeIdAllocator(randomUUID = () => crypto.randomUUID()) {
+  const reserved = new Set();
+  return (existingIds) => {
+    const existing = new Set(existingIds);
+    for (let attempt = 0; attempt < 64; attempt++) {
+      const id = `node_${randomUUID().replaceAll("-", "")}`;
+      if (/^node_[A-Za-z0-9_]+$/.test(id) && id.length <= 128 && !existing.has(id) && !reserved.has(id)) {
+        reserved.add(id);
+        return id;
+      }
+    }
+    throw new Error("Unable to allocate a unique node ID");
+  };
+}
+
+/** Adds exactly one node when the request still targets the loaded composition. */
+export async function spawnRequestedNode(root, view, request, typeId, allocateId, isCurrent = () => true) {
+  const current = () =>
+    isCurrent() && request.compositionRevision === view.getHostSnapshot().compositionRevision;
+  if (!typeId || !current()) return false;
+  let state;
+  try {
+    state = await root.getState();
+  } catch (error) {
+    if (!isCurrent()) return false;
+    throw error;
+  }
+  if (!current()) return false;
+  const nodeId = allocateId(state.nodes.map((node) => node.id));
+  if (!current()) return false;
+  try {
+    await view.addNode(
+      { typeId, nodeId, viewPosition: request.viewPosition },
+      { expectedVersion: state.version },
+    );
+  } catch (error) {
+    if (!isCurrent()) return false;
+    throw error;
+  }
+  return true;
+}

static/render-graph/presets.js

@@ -1,5 +1,256 @@
 import { semanticProjectionToV1 } from "./adapter.js";
-const make=(graphId,clearColor)=>Object.freeze(semanticProjectionToV1({graphId,clearColor,clearDepth:1,passState:"enabled"},1));
+const make = (graphId, clearColor) =>
+  Object.freeze(
+    semanticProjectionToV1(
+      { graphId, clearColor, clearDepth: 1, passState: "enabled" },
+      1,
+    ),
+  );
 export const midnight = make("preset_midnight", [0.015, 0.06, 0.18, 1]);
 export const ember = make("preset_ember", [0.18, 0.035, 0.012, 1]);
-export const renderGraphPresets=Object.freeze({midnight,ember});
+const input = (node, socket) => ({ node, socket });
+const node = (id, key, parameters = {}, inputs = {}) => ({
+  id,
+  state: "enabled",
+  executor: { key, version: 1 },
+  parameters,
+  inputs,
+});
+const texture = (format) => ({
+  texture: {
+    dimension: "d2",
+    format,
+    extent: {
+      kind: "surface_relative",
+      width: { numerator: 1, denominator: 1 },
+      height: { numerator: 1, denominator: 1 },
+      depthOrArrayLayers: 1,
+    },
+    mipLevelCount: 1,
+    sampleCount: 1,
+    viewFormats: [],
+  },
+  residency: "transient",
+});
+export const hdr = Object.freeze({
+  schemaVersion: 2,
+  graphId: "preset_hdr_fullscreen",
+  revision: 1,
+  nodes: [
+    node("surface", "surface_target"),
+    node("hdr", "texture_spec", texture("rgba16_float")),
+    node("depth", "texture_spec", texture("depth32_float")),
+    node("scene", "scene_table"),
+    node("visible", "visibility_flags", {}, { scene: input("scene", "scene") }),
+    node(
+      "query",
+      "mesh_query",
+      {
+        filters: [
+          { flag: "isVisible", predicate: "required_true" },
+          { flag: "isFrustumCulled", predicate: "any" },
+        ],
+      },
+      { scene: input("scene", "scene"), isVisible: input("visible", "flags") },
+    ),
+    node("depth_config", "depth_stencil_config", {
+      depthCompare: "less_equal",
+      depthWriteEnabled: true,
+      clearDepth: 1,
+    }),
+    node(
+      "forward",
+      "legacy_forward",
+      { clearColor: [0.015, 0.02, 0.03, 1] },
+      {
+        scene: input("scene", "scene"),
+        draws: input("query", "draws"),
+        colorTarget: input("hdr", "spec"),
+        depthTarget: input("depth", "spec"),
+        depthStencil: input("depth_config", "config"),
+      },
+    ),
+    node(
+      "copy",
+      "fullscreen_copy",
+      {},
+      {
+        source: input("forward", "color"),
+        colorTarget: input("surface", "surface"),
+      },
+    ),
+    node("present", "present", {}, { surface: input("copy", "color") }),
+  ],
+});
+export const culling = Object.freeze((() => {
+  const graph = structuredClone(hdr);
+  graph.graphId = "preset_gpu_culling";
+  graph.nodes.splice(
+    5,
+    0,
+    node("aabbs", "local_aabb_buffer", {}, { scene: input("scene", "scene") }),
+    node("frustum", "camera_frustum"),
+    node("cull", "frustum_cull", {}, {
+      scene: input("scene", "scene"),
+      localAabbs: input("aabbs", "localAabbs"),
+      frustum: input("frustum", "frustum"),
+    }),
+  );
+  const query = graph.nodes.find((x) => x.id === "query");
+  query.parameters.filters[1].predicate = "required_false";
+  query.inputs.isFrustumCulled = input("cull", "flags");
+  return graph;
+})());
+const postPreset = (graphId, kind) => {
+  const nodes = hdr.nodes.slice(0, 8).map((x) => structuredClone(x));
+  if (kind === "tone")
+    nodes.push(
+      node(
+        "tone",
+        "tone_map",
+        { exposure: 1 },
+        {
+          source: input("forward", "color"),
+          colorTarget: input("surface", "surface"),
+        },
+      ),
+    );
+  if (kind === "edges") {
+    nodes.splice(1, 0, node("edge_hdr", "texture_spec", texture("rgba16_float")));
+    nodes.push(
+      node(
+        "edges",
+        "luminance_edge",
+        { strength: 2 },
+        {
+          source: input("forward", "color"),
+          colorTarget: input("edge_hdr", "spec"),
+        },
+      ),
+    );
+    nodes.push(
+      node(
+        "tone",
+        "tone_map",
+        { exposure: 1 },
+        {
+          source: input("edges", "color"),
+          colorTarget: input("surface", "surface"),
+        },
+      ),
+    );
+  }
+  if (kind === "bloom" || kind === "combined") {
+    const half = {
+      texture: {
+        ...texture("rgba16_float").texture,
+        extent: {
+          kind: "surface_relative",
+          width: { numerator: 1, denominator: 2 },
+          height: { numerator: 1, denominator: 2 },
+          depthOrArrayLayers: 1,
+        },
+      },
+      residency: "transient",
+    };
+    nodes.splice(
+      1,
+      0,
+      node("half_a", "texture_spec", structuredClone(half)),
+      node("half_b", "texture_spec", structuredClone(half)),
+      node("half_c", "texture_spec", structuredClone(half)),
+      node("composite_hdr", "texture_spec", texture("rgba16_float")),
+    );
+    nodes.push(
+      node(
+        "extract",
+        "bloom_extract",
+        { threshold: 1, knee: 0.5 },
+        {
+          source: input("forward", "color"),
+          colorTarget: input("half_a", "spec"),
+        },
+      ),
+    );
+    nodes.push(
+      node(
+        "blur_h",
+        "bloom_blur",
+        { direction: [1, 0], radius: 1 },
+        {
+          source: input("extract", "color"),
+          colorTarget: input("half_b", "spec"),
+        },
+      ),
+    );
+    nodes.push(
+      node(
+        "blur_v",
+        "bloom_blur",
+        { direction: [0, 1], radius: 1 },
+        {
+          source: input("blur_h", "color"),
+          colorTarget: input("half_c", "spec"),
+        },
+      ),
+    );
+    nodes.push(
+      node(
+        "composite",
+        "bloom_composite",
+        { intensity: 0.8 },
+        {
+          source: input("forward", "color"),
+          bloom: input("blur_v", "color"),
+          colorTarget: input("composite_hdr", "spec"),
+        },
+      ),
+    );
+    let toneSource = "composite";
+    if (kind === "combined") {
+      nodes.splice(1, 0, node("edge_hdr", "texture_spec", texture("rgba16_float")));
+      nodes.push(
+        node(
+          "edges",
+          "luminance_edge",
+          { strength: 2 },
+          {
+            source: input("composite", "color"),
+            colorTarget: input("edge_hdr", "spec"),
+          },
+        ),
+      );
+      toneSource = "edges";
+    }
+    nodes.push(
+      node(
+        "tone",
+        "tone_map",
+        { exposure: 1 },
+        {
+          source: input(toneSource, "color"),
+          colorTarget: input("surface", "surface"),
+        },
+      ),
+    );
+  }
+  const last = nodes.at(-1);
+  nodes.push(
+    node("present", "present", {}, { surface: input(last.id, "color") }),
+  );
+  return Object.freeze({ schemaVersion: 2, graphId, revision: 1, nodes });
+};
+export const tone = postPreset("preset_tone", "tone"),
+  edges = postPreset("preset_edges", "edges"),
+  bloom = postPreset("preset_bloom", "bloom"),
+  combined = postPreset("preset_combined", "combined");
+export const renderGraphPresets = Object.freeze({
+  midnight,
+  ember,
+  hdr,
+  culling,
+  tone,
+  edges,
+  bloom,
+  combined,
+});

static/renderer-client.js

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ export class RendererError extends Error {
 export class RendererClient {
   #bridge; #worker; #header; #slots; #buffer; #next = 1; #payload = 1;
   #pending = new Map(); #payloadPending = new Map(); #payloadActive = new Set(); #ready; #disposed = false;
-  #telemetry; #stopped = false;
+  #telemetry; #profile; #stopped = false;
   #graphQueue = []; #graphBusy = false;
   #bvh; #snapshotReader; #picking = true; #snapshotEpoch = 0; #pickNext = 1; #picks = new Map();
 
@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@ export class RendererClient {
 
   get ready() { return this.#ready; }
   get telemetry() { return this.#telemetry; }
+  get profile() { return this.#profile; }
 
   #refreshViews() {
     const buffer = this.#bridge.memory.buffer;
@@ -61,6 +62,9 @@ export class RendererClient {
     } else if (message?.type === "telemetry") {
       this.#telemetry = message;
       dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent("renderer-frame", { detail: message }));
+    } else if (message?.type === "profile-snapshot") {
+      this.#profile = message;
+      dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent("renderer-profile", { detail: message }));
     } else if (message?.type === "fatal") {
       console.error("renderer worker fatal", message.code, message.message);
       this.#fail(message.code || "WORKER_FATAL");

tests/add-node-menu.test.js

@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+import test from "node:test";
+import assert from "node:assert/strict";
+import { addNodeItems, moveAddNodeSelection, searchAddNodeItems } from "../static/render-graph/add-node-menu.js";
+import { createNodeIdAllocator, spawnRequestedNode } from "../static/render-graph/node-spawn.js";
+
+test("add-node model contains all 17 catalog types in application groups", () => {
+  assert.equal(addNodeItems.length, 17);
+  assert.deepEqual([...new Set(addNodeItems.map((item) => item.group))], ["Source", "Compute", "Render / post", "Present"]);
+  assert.equal(new Set(addNodeItems.map((item) => item.typeId)).size, 17);
+  assert.deepEqual(searchAddNodeItems("tone render").map((item) => item.typeId), ["tone_map"]);
+  assert.deepEqual(searchAddNodeItems("no such node"), []);
+});
+
+test("menu selection wraps and handles an empty search", () => {
+  assert.equal(moveAddNodeSelection(0, -1, 3), 2);
+  assert.equal(moveAddNodeSelection(2, 1, 3), 0);
+  assert.equal(moveAddNodeSelection(0, 1, 0), -1);
+});
+
+test("allocator avoids existing and session-reserved IDs and is bounded", () => {
+  const values = ["a-a", "a-a", "b-b"];
+  const allocate = createNodeIdAllocator(() => values.shift());
+  assert.equal(allocate(["node_aa"]), "node_bb");
+  assert.throws(() => createNodeIdAllocator(() => "bad id")([]), /Unable to allocate/);
+});
+
+test("all 17 types spawn with exact position, current version and generated ID", async () => {
+  let revision = 5, expectedType;
+  const request = { compositionRevision: 5, viewPosition: { x: 12.25, y: -4 } };
+  const root = { getState: async () => ({ version: 91, nodes: [{ id: "existing" }] }) };
+  const view = {
+    getHostSnapshot: () => ({ compositionRevision: revision }),
+    addNode: async (params, options) => {
+      assert.equal(params.typeId, expectedType);
+      assert.strictEqual(params.viewPosition, request.viewPosition);
+      assert.match(params.nodeId, /^node_/);
+      assert.deepEqual(options, { expectedVersion: 91 });
+    },
+  };
+  let id = 0;
+  const allocate = createNodeIdAllocator(() => `00000000-0000-0000-0000-${String(++id).padStart(12, "0")}`);
+  for (const item of addNodeItems) {
+    expectedType = item.typeId;
+    assert.equal(await spawnRequestedNode(root, view, request, item.typeId, allocate), true);
+  }
+  revision = 6;
+  assert.equal(await spawnRequestedNode(root, view, request, "tone_map", allocate), false);
+});
+
+test("spawn rechecks composition after getState and propagates add errors", async () => {
+  let revision = 2;
+  const request = { compositionRevision: 2, viewPosition: { x: 1, y: 2 } };
+  const root = { getState: async () => { revision++; return { version: 3, nodes: [] }; } };
+  const allocate = createNodeIdAllocator(() => "a");
+  const view = { getHostSnapshot: () => ({ compositionRevision: revision }), addNode: async () => { throw Error("must not add"); } };
+  assert.equal(await spawnRequestedNode(root, view, request, "tone_map", allocate), false);
+  revision = 2;
+  root.getState = async () => ({ version: 3, nodes: [] });
+  await assert.rejects(spawnRequestedNode(root, view, request, "tone_map", allocate), /must not add/);
+});
+
+test("spawn cancels when a pending getState becomes mutated or dead", async () => {
+  const request = { compositionRevision: 2, viewPosition: { x: 1, y: 2 } };
+  let resolveState, revision = 2, alive = true, adds = 0;
+  const root = { getState: () => new Promise((resolve) => { resolveState = resolve; }) };
+  const view = {
+    getHostSnapshot: () => ({ compositionRevision: revision }),
+    addNode: async () => { adds++; },
+  };
+  const pendingMutation = spawnRequestedNode(root, view, request, "tone_map", () => "node_a", () => alive);
+  revision++;
+  resolveState({ version: 1, nodes: [] });
+  assert.equal(await pendingMutation, false);
+  revision = 2;
+  const pendingDestroy = spawnRequestedNode(root, view, request, "tone_map", () => "node_b", () => alive);
+  alive = false;
+  resolveState({ version: 1, nodes: [] });
+  assert.equal(await pendingDestroy, false);
+  assert.equal(adds, 0);
+});
+
+test("spawn has a final liveness guard after ID allocation", async () => {
+  let alive = true, adds = 0;
+  const request = { compositionRevision: 1, viewPosition: { x: 0, y: 0 } };
+  const root = { getState: async () => ({ version: 1, nodes: [] }) };
+  const view = { getHostSnapshot: () => ({ compositionRevision: 1 }), addNode: async () => { adds++; } };
+  const result = await spawnRequestedNode(root, view, request, "tone_map", () => {
+    alive = false;
+    return "node_reserved";
+  }, () => alive);
+  assert.equal(result, false);
+  assert.equal(adds, 0);
+});
+
+test("spawn suppresses teardown RPC rejections but propagates genuine live add errors", async () => {
+  const request = { compositionRevision: 1, viewPosition: { x: 0, y: 0 } };
+  let alive = true;
+  const view = { getHostSnapshot: () => ({ compositionRevision: 1 }), addNode: async () => {} };
+  const root = { getState: async () => { alive = false; throw Error("detached state"); } };
+  assert.equal(await spawnRequestedNode(root, view, request, "tone_map", () => "node_a", () => alive), false);
+
+  alive = true;
+  root.getState = async () => ({ version: 1, nodes: [] });
+  view.addNode = async () => { alive = false; throw Error("detached add"); };
+  assert.equal(await spawnRequestedNode(root, view, request, "tone_map", () => "node_b", () => alive), false);
+
+  alive = true;
+  view.addNode = async () => { throw Error("live add failure"); };
+  await assert.rejects(
+    spawnRequestedNode(root, view, request, "tone_map", () => "node_c", () => alive),
+    /live add failure/,
+  );
+});

tests/demo-loadouts.test.js

@@ -1,10 +1,12 @@
 import test from "node:test";
 import assert from "node:assert/strict";
-import { createCubeGeometry, createUvSphereGeometry, encodeGeometryGlb, isGitLfsPointer, loadDemoLoadout, LoadoutError } from "../static/demo-loadouts.js";
+import { createCubeGeometry, createMaterialGalleryGlb, createUvSphereGeometry, encodeGeometryGlb, isGitLfsPointer, loadDemoLoadout, loadouts, LoadoutError } from "../static/demo-loadouts.js";
 
 function parseGlb(buffer){const view=new DataView(buffer);assert.equal(view.getUint32(0,true),0x46546c67);assert.equal(view.getUint32(4,true),2);assert.equal(view.getUint32(8,true),buffer.byteLength);const length=view.getUint32(12,true);assert.equal(view.getUint32(16,true),0x4e4f534a);const json=JSON.parse(new TextDecoder().decode(new Uint8Array(buffer,20,length)).trim());const bin=20+length;assert.equal(view.getUint32(bin+4,true),0x004e4942);assert.equal(view.getUint32(bin,true),json.buffers[0].byteLength);return json;}
 test("procedural cube and sphere have complete indexed vertex streams",()=>{const cube=createCubeGeometry(),sphere=createUvSphereGeometry();assert.deepEqual([cube.positions.length/3,cube.indices.length],[24,36]);assert.ok(sphere.positions.length/3>300);for(const geometry of [cube,sphere]){assert.equal(geometry.normals.length,geometry.positions.length);assert.equal(geometry.texcoords.length,geometry.positions.length/3*2);assert.ok(geometry.indices.every(i=>i>=0&&i<geometry.positions.length/3));}});
 test("every cube triangle has counter-clockwise outward winding",()=>{const g=createCubeGeometry();for(let i=0;i<g.indices.length;i+=3){const ids=g.indices.slice(i,i+3),p=ids.map(id=>g.positions.slice(id*3,id*3+3)),a=p[1].map((v,j)=>v-p[0][j]),b=p[2].map((v,j)=>v-p[0][j]),cross=[a[1]*b[2]-a[2]*b[1],a[2]*b[0]-a[0]*b[2],a[0]*b[1]-a[1]*b[0]],normal=g.normals.slice(ids[0]*3,ids[0]*3+3);assert.ok(cross.reduce((sum,v,j)=>sum+v*normal[j],0)>0)}});
 test("loadouts return fresh deterministic GLBs with one mesh and nine nodes",async()=>{for(const name of ["cubes","spheres"]){const a=await loadDemoLoadout(name),b=await loadDemoLoadout(name);assert.notStrictEqual(a,b);assert.deepEqual(new Uint8Array(a),new Uint8Array(b));const json=parseGlb(a);assert.equal(json.meshes.length,1);assert.equal(json.nodes.length,9);assert.ok(json.nodes.every(n=>n.mesh===0));assert.deepEqual(json.meshes[0].primitives[0].attributes,{POSITION:0,NORMAL:1,TEXCOORD_0:2});assert.equal(json.accessors[3].componentType,5125);}});
+test("Phase 6 gallery is deterministic and covers core PBR shader semantics",async()=>{const a=createMaterialGalleryGlb(),b=await loadDemoLoadout("materials");assert.deepEqual(new Uint8Array(a),new Uint8Array(b));const json=parseGlb(a);assert.equal(json.asset.generator,"yawn-phase6-pbr-gallery");assert.deepEqual(json.extensionsUsed,["KHR_materials_ior"]);assert.equal(json.materials.length,16);assert.equal(json.nodes.length,16);assert.equal(json.images.length,3);assert.ok(json.images.every(image=>image.mimeType==="image/png"&&image.bufferView!==undefined));assert.ok(json.meshes.every(mesh=>JSON.stringify(mesh.primitives[0].attributes)===JSON.stringify({POSITION:0,NORMAL:1,TEXCOORD_0:2})));assert.deepEqual(json.materials.slice(0,4).map(x=>x.pbrMetallicRoughness.roughnessFactor),[.08,.3,.6,1]);assert.ok(json.materials.slice(0,4).every(x=>x.pbrMetallicRoughness.metallicFactor===0));assert.ok(json.materials.slice(4,8).every(x=>x.pbrMetallicRoughness.metallicFactor===1));assert.deepEqual(json.materials.slice(8,11).map(x=>x.extensions.KHR_materials_ior.ior),[1,1.5,2]);assert.equal(json.materials[11].normalTexture.index,2);assert.equal(json.materials[12].occlusionTexture.index,1);assert.equal(json.materials[13].emissiveTexture.index,0);assert.equal(json.materials[14].alphaMode,"MASK");assert.equal(json.materials[15].doubleSided,true);assert.ok(json.nodes[15].scale[0]<0);assert.equal(loadouts.materials.label,"Phase 6 deterministic PBR gallery");});
+test("loadout dropdown preserves legacy scenes and exposes the material gallery",async()=>{const html=await (await import("node:fs/promises")).readFile(new URL("../static/index.html",import.meta.url),"utf8");for(const id of ["cubes","spheres","materials","manor","sponza"])assert.match(html,new RegExp(`<option value="${id}">`));});
 test("LFS pointers and HTTP failures are explicit and stable",async()=>{const pointer=new TextEncoder().encode("version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1\noid sha256:abc\n").buffer;assert.equal(isGitLfsPointer(pointer),true);await assert.rejects(loadDemoLoadout("manor",{fetchImpl:async()=>({ok:true,arrayBuffer:async()=>pointer})}),e=>e instanceof LoadoutError&&e.code==="LOADOUT_LFS_POINTER");await assert.rejects(loadDemoLoadout("sponza",{fetchImpl:async()=>({ok:false,status:404})}),e=>e.code==="LOADOUT_HTTP"&&/404/.test(e.message));});
 test("GLB encoder rejects non-finite and out-of-range geometry",()=>{const valid=createCubeGeometry();assert.throws(()=>encodeGeometryGlb({...valid,positions:[...valid.positions.slice(0,-1),NaN]}),/Invalid/);assert.throws(()=>encodeGeometryGlb({...valid,indices:[...valid.indices,0,1,999]}),/Invalid/)});

tests/fxnode-composition.test.js

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+import test from "node:test";
+import assert from "node:assert/strict";
+import { mkdtemp, writeFile, rm } from "node:fs/promises";
+import { tmpdir } from "node:os";
+import path from "node:path";
+import { pathToFileURL } from "node:url";
+import { build } from "vite";
+import { fxNodeComposition } from "../static/render-graph/catalog.js";
+
+test("production render graph composition passes fxnode's public validator", async () => {
+  const directory = await mkdtemp(path.join(tmpdir(), "yawn-fxnode-validator-"));
+  try {
+    const entry = path.join(directory, "entry.js");
+    await writeFile(entry, `export { validateFxNodeComposition } from ${JSON.stringify(pathToFileURL(path.resolve("vendor/fxnode/src/index.ts")).href)};`);
+    await build({
+      configFile: false,
+      logLevel: "silent",
+      build: { lib: { entry, formats: ["es"], fileName: "validator" }, outDir: directory, emptyOutDir: false },
+    });
+    const { validateFxNodeComposition } = await import(`${pathToFileURL(path.join(directory, "validator.js")).href}?${Date.now()}`);
+    const result = validateFxNodeComposition(fxNodeComposition);
+    assert.equal(result.ok, true, result.ok ? undefined : JSON.stringify(result.issues, null, 2));
+    assert.equal(Object.keys(fxNodeComposition.nodes).length, 17);
+  } finally {
+    await rm(directory, { recursive: true, force: true });
+  }
+});

tests/render-graph-authoring.test.js

@@ -1,15 +1,289 @@
 import test from "node:test";
 import assert from "node:assert/strict";
-import { adaptFxNodeSnapshot, AuthoringGraphError } from "../static/render-graph/adapter.js";
+import {
+  adaptFxNodeSnapshot,
+  AuthoringGraphError,
+  getSourceMap,
+  mapAuthoringDiagnostic,
+} from "../static/render-graph/adapter.js";
+import { RendererError } from "../static/renderer-client.js";
+import {
+  semanticCatalog,
+  nodeDefinitions,
+  GRAPH_ID,
+  CATALOG_VERSION,
+  socketTypes,
+} from "../static/render-graph/catalog.js";
+import { culling } from "../static/render-graph/presets.js";
 import { AuthoringController } from "../static/render-graph/authoring-controller.js";
-
+function fixture() {
-const sockets={surface_color:[["surface","surface:surface","output","surface"]],depth32:[["depth","depth:depth","output","depth"]],scene_forward:[["color","forward:color","input","surface"],["depth","forward:depth","input","depth"],["result","forward:result","output","surface"]],present:[["surface","present:surface","input","surface"]]};
+  const nodes = culling.nodes.map((n) => {
-function fixture(){const nodes=Object.entries(sockets).map(([typeId,list],i)=>({id:["surface","depth","forward","present"][i],typeId,typeVersion:1,known:true,muted:false,parameters:typeId==="scene_forward"?{clearColor:{kind:"color",value:[.1,.2,.3,1]},clearDepth:{kind:"number",value:.5}}:{},sockets:list.map(([key,id,direction,dataType])=>({key,id,direction,dataType}))}));return {version:4,graphId:"demo_forward",catalogVersion:1,nodes,links:[{id:"l1",fromNodeId:"surface",fromSocketId:"surface:surface",toNodeId:"forward",toSocketId:"forward:color",muted:false},{id:"l2",fromNodeId:"depth",fromSocketId:"depth:depth",toNodeId:"forward",toSocketId:"forward:depth",muted:false},{id:"l3",fromNodeId:"forward",fromSocketId:"forward:result",toNodeId:"present",toSocketId:"present:surface",muted:false}],metadata:{layout:"ignored"}}}
+    const d = semanticCatalog[n.executor.key];
-const rejects=(mutate,code)=>{const x=structuredClone(fixture());mutate(x);assert.throws(()=>adaptFxNodeSnapshot(x),e=>e instanceof AuthoringGraphError&&e.code===code)};
+    const definition = nodeDefinitions[n.executor.key];
-test("adapter emits exact deterministic V1 without fxnode state",()=>{const a=adaptFxNodeSnapshot(fixture(),7),b=fixture();b.nodes.reverse();b.links.reverse();assert.deepEqual(adaptFxNodeSnapshot(b,7),a);assert.equal(a.revision,7);assert.deepEqual(a.passes[0].writes[0].access.load.value,[.1,.2,.3,1]);for(const token of ["position","socketId","known","fxnode"])assert.equal(JSON.stringify(a).includes(token),false)});
+    return {
-test("adapter rejects node catalog, identity, sockets, links, topology and parameters",()=>{
+      id: n.id,
-  rejects(x=>x.nodes[0].known=false,"AUTHORING_NODE_UNKNOWN");rejects(x=>delete x.nodes[0].muted,"AUTHORING_NODE_MUTED");rejects(x=>x.nodes[0].muted=true,"AUTHORING_NODE_MUTED");rejects(x=>x.nodes[0].typeVersion=2,"AUTHORING_NODE_VERSION");rejects(x=>x.nodes[0].typeId="other","AUTHORING_NODE_TYPE");rejects(x=>x.nodes[0].id="bad id","AUTHORING_ID");rejects(x=>x.nodes[1].id=x.nodes[0].id,"AUTHORING_ID_DUPLICATE");rejects(x=>x.nodes[0].sockets[0].direction="input","AUTHORING_SOCKET");rejects(x=>x.links[0].muted=true,"AUTHORING_TOPOLOGY");rejects(x=>x.links.pop(),"AUTHORING_TOPOLOGY");rejects(x=>x.nodes[2].parameters.clearDepth.value=Infinity,"AUTHORING_PARAMETER");
+      typeId: n.executor.key,
+      typeVersion: 1,
+      known: true,
+      muted: n.state !== "enabled",
+      position: { x: 10, y: 20 },
+      size: { x: 200, y: 120 },
+      label: n.id,
+      collapsed: false,
+      extensions: {},
+      parameters: Object.fromEntries(
+        Object.entries(definition.parameters).map(([key, schema]) => [
+          key,
+          {
+            kind: schema.type,
+            value: structuredClone(n.parameters[key] ?? schema.default.value),
+          },
+        ]),
+      ),
+      sockets: [
+        ...Object.entries(d.inputs).map(([key, x]) => ({
+          key,
+          id: `${n.id}:${key}`,
+          direction: "input",
+          dataType: x.authoringType ?? x.accepted.types[0],
+          label: key,
+          accepts: socketTypes[x.authoringType ?? x.accepted.types[0]].acceptsFrom,
+          visible: true,
+          maxIncomingLinks: 1,
+        })),
+        ...Object.entries(d.outputs).map(([key]) => ({
+          key,
+          id: `${n.id}:${key}`,
+          direction: "output",
+          dataType: definition.sockets[key].type,
+          label: key,
+          accepts: [],
+          visible: true,
+          maxIncomingLinks: 0,
+        })),
+      ],
+    };
+  });
+  const links = [];
+  for (const n of culling.nodes)
+    for (const [socket, from] of Object.entries(n.inputs))
+      links.push({
+        id: `l_${from.node}_${from.socket}_${n.id}_${socket}`,
+        fromNodeId: from.node,
+        fromSocketId: `${from.node}:${from.socket}`,
+        toNodeId: n.id,
+        toSocketId: `${n.id}:${socket}`,
+        muted: false,
+        extensions: {},
+      });
+  return {
+    graphId: GRAPH_ID,
+    catalogVersion: CATALOG_VERSION,
+    nodes,
+    links,
+    metadata: { layout: "ignored" },
+    version: 1,
+  };
+}
+test("catalog exhaustively mirrors all current V2 contracts", () => {
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    Object.keys(semanticCatalog).sort(),
+    [
+      "surface_target",
+      "texture_spec",
+      "scene_table",
+      "local_aabb_buffer",
+      "camera_frustum",
+      "visibility_flags",
+      "frustum_cull",
+      "mesh_query",
+      "depth_stencil_config",
+      "legacy_forward",
+      "fullscreen_copy",
+      "tone_map",
+      "bloom_extract",
+      "bloom_blur",
+      "bloom_composite",
+      "luminance_edge",
+      "present",
+    ].sort(),
+  );
+  for (const c of Object.values(semanticCatalog)) {
+    assert.ok(c.execution);
+    assert.ok(c.inputs);
+    assert.ok(c.outputs);
+    assert.ok(c.parameters);
+  }
+});
+test("adapter deterministically emits strict V2, permits repeated types, omits muted links and maps sources", () => {
+  const x = fixture(),
+    a = adaptFxNodeSnapshot(x, 7);
+  x.nodes.reverse();
+  x.links.reverse();
+  assert.deepEqual(adaptFxNodeSnapshot(x, 7), a);
+  assert.equal(a.schemaVersion, 2);
+  assert.equal(a.graphId, GRAPH_ID);
+  assert.equal(
+    a.nodes.filter((n) => n.executor.key === "texture_spec").length,
+    2,
+  );
+  assert.ok(
+    Object.values(getSourceMap(a)).some((source) => source.input === "source"),
+  );
+  x.links.find((l) => l.id === "l_forward_color_copy_source").muted = true;
+  assert.equal(
+    adaptFxNodeSnapshot(x, 8).nodes.find((n) => n.id === "copy").inputs.source,
+    undefined,
+  );
+});
+test("adapter rejects hostile shape, IDs, duplicates, catalog, sockets and type mismatches", () => {
+  const reject = (fn, code) => {
+    const x = fixture();
+    fn(x);
+    assert.throws(
+      () => adaptFxNodeSnapshot(x),
+      (e) => e instanceof AuthoringGraphError && e.code === code,
+    );
+  };
+  reject((x) => (x.graphId = "bad"), "AUTHORING_CATALOG");
+  reject((x) => (x.nodes[0].id = "bad id"), "AUTHORING_ID");
+  reject((x) => (x.nodes[1].id = x.nodes[0].id), "AUTHORING_ID_DUPLICATE");
+  reject((x) => (x.nodes[0].typeId = "wat"), "AUTHORING_NODE_TYPE");
+  reject((x) => (x.nodes[0].sockets = []), "AUTHORING_SOCKET_SET");
+  reject((x) => (x.links[0].toSocketId = "missing:x"), "AUTHORING_LINK");
+  reject((x) => {
+    const link = x.links.find((l) => l.toSocketId === "copy:source");
+    link.fromNodeId = "scene";
+    link.fromSocketId = "scene:scene";
+  }, "AUTHORING_LINK_TYPE");
+});
+test("adapter counts only active incoming links and reports socket overflow", () => {
+  const x = fixture();
+  const active = x.links.find((link) => link.toSocketId === "copy:source");
+  x.links.push({ ...structuredClone(active), id: "muted_duplicate", muted: true });
+  assert.doesNotThrow(() => adaptFxNodeSnapshot(x));
+  x.links.push({ ...structuredClone(active), id: "active_overflow" });
+  assert.throws(
+    () => adaptFxNodeSnapshot(x),
+    (error) => error.code === "AUTHORING_LINK_INCOMING" && error.details.socketId === "copy:source",
+  );
+});
+test("source map covers Rust fields, nested values, every input and is deeply frozen", () => {
+  const snapshot = fixture();
+  snapshot.links.find((link) => link.toSocketId === "copy:source").muted = true;
+  const ir = adaptFxNodeSnapshot(snapshot, 9), map = getSourceMap(ir);
+  for (const path of ["schemaVersion", "graphId", "revision", "nodes", "nodes[0].id", "nodes[0].state", "nodes[0].executor.key", "nodes[0].executor.version", "nodes[0].parameters", "nodes[0].inputs"])
+    assert.ok(map[path], path);
+  for (const [index, node] of ir.nodes.entries())
+    for (const input of Object.keys(semanticCatalog[node.executor.key].inputs))
+      assert.ok(map[`nodes[${index}].inputs.${input}`]);
+  assert.ok(Object.keys(map).some((path) => /parameters\..+\[|parameters\..+\..+/.test(path)));
+  const socket = Object.values(map).find((source) => source.kind === "socket");
+  const unconnected = Object.values(map).find((source) => source.unconnected === true);
+  const link = Object.values(map).find((source) => source.kind === "link");
+  assert.ok(socket?.socketId && unconnected?.socketId);
+  assert.equal(ir.nodes.find((node) => node.id === "copy").inputs.source, undefined);
+  for (const field of ["linkId", "fromNodeId", "fromSocketId", "toNodeId", "toSocketId", "muted"])
+    assert.ok(Object.hasOwn(link, field), field);
+  assert.ok(Object.isFrozen(map) && Object.isFrozen(link));
+});
+test("diagnostic mapper creates a frozen RendererError DTO with fallbacks and prefix matching", () => {
+  const ir = adaptFxNodeSnapshot(fixture());
+  const original = new RendererError("GRAPH_INPUT", { message: "bad", field: "nodes[0].executor.key.more", nested: { x: 1 } });
+  const mapped = mapAuthoringDiagnostic(ir, original);
+  assert.notStrictEqual(mapped, original);
+  assert.equal(mapped.code, original.code);
+  assert.equal(mapped.source.kind, "node");
+  assert.equal(mapped.diagnostic, undefined);
+  assert.ok(Object.isFrozen(mapped) && Object.isFrozen(mapped.details.nested));
+  assert.equal(Object.isFrozen(original), false);
+  original.details.nested.x = 2;
+  assert.equal(mapped.details.nested.x, 1);
+  const unmatchedOriginal = new RendererError("GRAPH_INPUT", {
+    message: "unmapped",
+    path: "resources[0]",
+  });
+  const unmatched = mapAuthoringDiagnostic(ir, unmatchedOriginal);
+  assert.notStrictEqual(unmatched, unmatchedOriginal);
+  assert.equal(unmatched.source, undefined);
+  assert.ok(Object.isFrozen(unmatched) && Object.isFrozen(unmatched.details));
+  assert.equal(Object.isFrozen(unmatchedOriginal), false);
+});
+test("controller keeps last-good through failures and only drops after successful switch", async () => {
+  let fail = false;
+  const calls = [];
+  const renderer = {
+    compileGraph: async (ir) => ({
+      compiledId: [ir.revision, 1],
+      revision: ir.revision,
+    }),
+    switchCompiledGraph: async (id) => {
+      calls.push(["switch", id]);
+      if (fail) throw Error("switch");
+    },
+    dropCompiledGraph: async (id) => calls.push(["drop", id]),
+  };
+  const c = new AuthoringController({
+    renderer,
+    adapt: (_, revision) => ({ revision }),
+  });
+  c.markDirty({});
+  await c.apply();
+  fail = true;
+  c.markDirty({});
+  await assert.rejects(c.apply());
+  assert.deepEqual(calls, [
+    ["switch", [1, 1]],
+    ["switch", [2, 1]],
+  ]);
+  fail = false;
+  await c.apply();
+  assert.deepEqual(calls.at(-1), ["drop", [1, 1]]);
+  await c.destroy();
+});
+test("controller shares in-flight apply", async () => {
+  let release;
+  const gate = new Promise((r) => (release = r));
+  const c = new AuthoringController({
+    adapt: (_, revision) => ({ revision }),
+    renderer: {
+      compileGraph: async (ir) => {
+        await gate;
+        return { compiledId: [ir.revision, 1], revision: ir.revision };
+      },
+      switchCompiledGraph: async () => {},
+      dropCompiledGraph: async () => {},
+    },
+  });
+  c.markDirty({});
+  const a = c.apply();
+  assert.strictEqual(c.apply(), a);
+  release();
+  await a;
+});
+test("controller retains mapped diagnostic while apply rejects the original and subscriptions agree", async () => {
+  const original = new RendererError("GRAPH_BAD", { path: "nodes[0].id", message: "bad" });
+  const states = [];
+  const c = new AuthoringController({
+    adapt: (snapshot, revision) => adaptFxNodeSnapshot(snapshot, revision),
+    renderer: { compileGraph: async () => { throw original; }, switchCompiledGraph: async () => {}, dropCompiledGraph: async () => {} },
+  });
+  c.subscribe((state) => states.push(state));
+  c.markDirty(fixture());
+  await assert.rejects(c.apply(), (error) => error === original);
+  assert.notStrictEqual(states.at(-1).error, original);
+  let subscribed;
+  c.subscribe((state) => { subscribed = state; })();
+  assert.strictEqual(subscribed.error, states.at(-1).error);
+  await c.destroy();
+});
+test("apply after destroy does not compile and destroy returns one strict promise", async () => {
+  let compiles = 0;
+  const c = new AuthoringController({ adapt: () => ({}), renderer: { compileGraph: async () => { compiles++; }, dropCompiledGraph: async () => {}, switchCompiledGraph: async () => {} } });
+  c.markDirty({});
+  const first = c.destroy();
+  assert.strictEqual(c.destroy(), first);
+  assert.strictEqual(await c.apply(), null);
+  await first;
+  assert.equal(compiles, 0);
 });
-test("adapter carries scene mute and bounds revisions",()=>{const x=fixture();x.nodes[2].muted=true;assert.equal(adaptFxNodeSnapshot(x).passes[0].state,"disabled");assert.throws(()=>adaptFxNodeSnapshot(fixture(),0x100000000),e=>e.code==="AUTHORING_REVISION")});
-test("controller orders compile/switch, revisions and shares one in-flight apply",async()=>{let release;const gate=new Promise(r=>release=r),calls=[];const renderer={async compileGraph(ir){calls.push(`compile:${ir.revision}`);await gate;return{compiledId:[0,1]}},async switchCompiledGraph(id){calls.push(`switch:${id}`)}};const c=new AuthoringController({renderer,getState:async()=>({})});const adapt=(_,r)=>({revision:r}),a=c.apply(adapt);assert.strictEqual(c.apply(adapt),a);c.markDirty();release();await a;assert.deepEqual(calls,["compile:1","switch:0,1"]);assert.equal(c.revision,1);assert.equal(c.dirty,true)});
-test("controller reserves revisions across compile and switch failures",async()=>{let failure="compile",revisions=[];const c=new AuthoringController({getState:async()=>({}),renderer:{compileGraph:async ir=>{revisions.push(ir.revision);if(failure==="compile")throw Error("no");return{compiledId:[0,1]}},switchCompiledGraph:async()=>{if(failure==="switch")throw Error("no")}}});await assert.rejects(c.apply((_,r)=>({revision:r})));failure=null;await c.apply((_,r)=>({revision:r}));failure="switch";await assert.rejects(c.apply((_,r)=>({revision:r})));failure=null;await c.apply((_,r)=>({revision:r}));assert.deepEqual(revisions,[1,2,3,4]);assert.equal(c.revision,4)});

tests/render-graph-presets.test.js

@@ -1,4 +1,98 @@
 import test from "node:test";
 import assert from "node:assert/strict";
-import { ember, midnight, renderGraphPresets } from "../static/render-graph/presets.js";
+import {
-test("Phase 8 presets are unique activatable V1 scene-forward graphs",()=>{assert.deepEqual(Object.keys(renderGraphPresets),["midnight","ember"]);assert.deepEqual([midnight.graphId,ember.graphId],["preset_midnight","preset_ember"]);assert.notDeepEqual(midnight.passes[0].writes[0].access.load.value,ember.passes[0].writes[0].access.load.value);for(const graph of [midnight,ember]){assert.equal(graph.schemaVersion,1);assert.equal(graph.revision,1);assert.equal(graph.passes.length,1);assert.equal(graph.passes[0].state,"enabled");assert.deepEqual(graph.passes[0].executor,{key:"scene_forward",version:1});assert.equal(graph.outputs[0].name,"present");}});
+  culling,
+  ember,
+  hdr,
+  midnight,
+  renderGraphPresets,
+} from "../static/render-graph/presets.js";
+test("Phase 4 unit 4 presets preserve V1 graphs and add the V2 HDR fullscreen topology", () => {
+  assert.deepEqual(Object.keys(renderGraphPresets), [
+    "midnight",
+    "ember",
+    "hdr",
+    "culling",
+    "tone",
+    "edges",
+    "bloom",
+    "combined",
+  ]);
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    [midnight.graphId, ember.graphId],
+    ["preset_midnight", "preset_ember"],
+  );
+  assert.notDeepEqual(
+    midnight.passes[0].writes[0].access.load.value,
+    ember.passes[0].writes[0].access.load.value,
+  );
+  for (const graph of [midnight, ember]) {
+    assert.equal(graph.schemaVersion, 1);
+    assert.equal(graph.revision, 1);
+    assert.equal(graph.passes.length, 1);
+    assert.equal(graph.passes[0].state, "enabled");
+    assert.deepEqual(graph.passes[0].executor, {
+      key: "scene_forward",
+      version: 1,
+    });
+    assert.equal(graph.outputs[0].name, "present");
+  }
+  assert.equal(hdr.schemaVersion, 2);
+  assert.equal(hdr.revision, 1);
+  assert.equal(hdr.graphId, "preset_hdr_fullscreen");
+  assert.equal(
+    new Set(Object.values(renderGraphPresets).map((graph) => graph.graphId))
+      .size,
+    8,
+  );
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    hdr.nodes.map((node) => [node.id, node.executor.key]),
+    [
+      ["surface", "surface_target"],
+      ["hdr", "texture_spec"],
+      ["depth", "texture_spec"],
+      ["scene", "scene_table"],
+      ["visible", "visibility_flags"],
+      ["query", "mesh_query"],
+      ["depth_config", "depth_stencil_config"],
+      ["forward", "legacy_forward"],
+      ["copy", "fullscreen_copy"],
+      ["present", "present"],
+    ],
+  );
+  const byId = Object.fromEntries(hdr.nodes.map((node) => [node.id, node]));
+  assert.equal(byId.hdr.parameters.texture.format, "rgba16_float");
+  assert.deepEqual(byId.query.inputs, {
+    scene: { node: "scene", socket: "scene" },
+    isVisible: { node: "visible", socket: "flags" },
+  });
+  assert.deepEqual(byId.query.parameters.filters, [
+    { flag: "isVisible", predicate: "required_true" },
+    { flag: "isFrustumCulled", predicate: "any" },
+  ]);
+  assert.deepEqual(byId.forward.inputs.colorTarget, {
+    node: "hdr",
+    socket: "spec",
+  });
+  assert.deepEqual(byId.copy.executor, { key: "fullscreen_copy", version: 1 });
+  assert.deepEqual(byId.copy.inputs, {
+    source: { node: "forward", socket: "color" },
+    colorTarget: { node: "surface", socket: "surface" },
+  });
+  assert.deepEqual(byId.present.inputs.surface, {
+    node: "copy",
+    socket: "color",
+  });
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    culling.nodes
+      .filter((node) => ["frustum_cull", "mesh_query"].includes(node.executor.key))
+      .map((node) => node.executor.key),
+    ["frustum_cull", "mesh_query"],
+  );
+  const cullingQuery = culling.nodes.find((node) => node.id === "query");
+  assert.equal(cullingQuery.parameters.filters[1].predicate, "required_false");
+  assert.deepEqual(cullingQuery.inputs.isFrustumCulled, {
+    node: "cull",
+    socket: "flags",
+  });
+});

tests/renderer-client.test.js

@@ -55,6 +55,12 @@ test("pending reply exists before ring publication", async () => {
   worker.reply({type:"reply",request:2,ok:true});
   await pending;
 });
+test("profile snapshots have a dedicated getter", () => {
+  const f=fixture(), snapshot={type:"profile-snapshot",available:true,epoch:3,passes:{forward:1.25}};
+  const dispatch=globalThis.dispatchEvent; globalThis.dispatchEvent=()=>true;
+  try { f.worker.reply(snapshot); assert.strictEqual(f.client.profile,snapshot); }
+  finally { globalThis.dispatchEvent=dispatch; f.client.dispose(); }
+});
 test("worker failures and dispose reject every pending operation", async () => {
   const f=fixture(), mesh=await imported(f); const {worker,client,bridge}=f;
   const a=mesh.setVisible(true), b=mesh.setVisible(false);