diff --git a/renderer/src/render_graph/compiler.rs b/renderer/src/render_graph/compiler.rs
index 298ff17..26e55e1 100644
--- a/renderer/src/render_graph/compiler.rs
+++ b/renderer/src/render_graph/compiler.rs
@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@ struct PipelineParameters {
 #[serde(deny_unknown_fields)]
 #[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
 struct FrameOutParameters {
+    surface_format: SurfaceFormatRequest,
     hdr_enabled: bool,
     tone_mapper: ToneMapper,
     exposure_stops: f32,
@@ -544,6 +545,7 @@ fn decode(node: &Node, i: usize) -> Result<NormalizedParameters, GraphError> {
                 &format!("{base}.backgroundColor"),
             )?;
             NormalizedParameters::FrameOut {
+                surface_format: p.surface_format,
                 dynamic_range: if p.hdr_enabled {
                     FrameDynamicRange::Hdr {
                         tone_mapper: p.tone_mapper,
diff --git a/renderer/src/render_graph/contracts.rs b/renderer/src/render_graph/contracts.rs
index cc3cfb7..408f706 100644
--- a/renderer/src/render_graph/contracts.rs
+++ b/renderer/src/render_graph/contracts.rs
@@ -408,7 +408,7 @@ pub static CONTRACTS: &[Contract] = &[
     },
     Contract {
         key: "frame_out",
-        version: 2,
+        version: 3,
         execution: ExecutionClass::Frame,
         inputs: FRAME_OUT_IN,
         outputs: NONE_OUT,
diff --git a/renderer/src/render_graph/plan.rs b/renderer/src/render_graph/plan.rs
index 32f6de8..33b910f 100644
--- a/renderer/src/render_graph/plan.rs
+++ b/renderer/src/render_graph/plan.rs
@@ -256,6 +256,7 @@ pub enum NormalizedParameters {
         strength: f32,
     },
     FrameOut {
+        surface_format: SurfaceFormatRequest,
         dynamic_range: FrameDynamicRange,
         output_transfer: OutputTransfer,
         scale_mode: ScaleMode,
@@ -264,6 +265,15 @@ pub enum NormalizedParameters {
     },
 }
 
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, serde::Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "snake_case")]
+pub enum SurfaceFormatRequest {
+    Preferred,
+    Rgba8Unorm,
+    Bgra8Unorm,
+    Rgba16Float,
+}
+
 #[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Serialize, serde::Deserialize)]
 #[serde(tag = "kind", rename_all = "snake_case")]
 pub enum FrameDynamicRange {
diff --git a/renderer/src/render_graph/runtime.rs b/renderer/src/render_graph/runtime.rs
index 6f39068..5329f86 100644
--- a/renderer/src/render_graph/runtime.rs
+++ b/renderer/src/render_graph/runtime.rs
@@ -26,7 +26,131 @@ pub struct RuntimeSurfaceContract {
     pub width: u32,
     pub height: u32,
     pub usage: wgpu::TextureUsages,
+    pub present_mode: wgpu::PresentMode,
+    pub alpha_mode: wgpu::CompositeAlphaMode,
     pub view_formats: Vec<wgpu::TextureFormat>,
+    pub desired_maximum_frame_latency: u32,
+}
+
+fn frame_out_surface_request(
+    graph: &CompiledGraph,
+) -> Result<(SurfaceFormatRequest, u32), GraphError> {
+    graph
+        .executions
+        .iter()
+        .find_map(|execution| match execution.parameters {
+            NormalizedParameters::FrameOut { surface_format, .. } => {
+                Some((surface_format, execution.original_node_index))
+            }
+            _ => None,
+        })
+        .ok_or_else(|| {
+            error(
+                "GRAPH_EXECUTION_UNSUPPORTED",
+                "exactly one frame_out is required",
+                "executions",
+            )
+        })
+}
+
+fn surface_format_path(original_node_index: u32) -> String {
+    format!("nodes[{original_node_index}].parameters.surfaceFormat")
+}
+
+pub fn resolve_graph_surface_contract(
+    graph: &CompiledGraph,
+    capabilities: &wgpu::SurfaceCapabilities,
+    width: u32,
+    height: u32,
+) -> Result<RuntimeSurfaceContract, GraphError> {
+    let (request, frame_out_index) = frame_out_surface_request(graph)?;
+    resolve_surface_contract(
+        request,
+        capabilities,
+        width,
+        height,
+        &surface_format_path(frame_out_index),
+    )
+}
+
+/// Resolves the authored surface request against current adapter/surface capabilities.
+/// The presentation policy is intentionally fixed and is not graph-authored.
+pub fn resolve_surface_contract(
+    request: SurfaceFormatRequest,
+    capabilities: &wgpu::SurfaceCapabilities,
+    width: u32,
+    height: u32,
+    authored_path: &str,
+) -> Result<RuntimeSurfaceContract, GraphError> {
+    if width == 0 || height == 0 {
+        return Err(error(
+            "GRAPH_SURFACE_INCOMPATIBLE",
+            "surface extent is zero",
+            "surface",
+        ));
+    }
+    if !capabilities
+        .usages
+        .contains(wgpu::TextureUsages::RENDER_ATTACHMENT)
+    {
+        return Err(error(
+            "GRAPH_SURFACE_INCOMPATIBLE",
+            "surface lacks render attachment usage",
+            "surface.usage",
+        ));
+    }
+    if !capabilities
+        .present_modes
+        .contains(&wgpu::PresentMode::Fifo)
+    {
+        return Err(error(
+            "GRAPH_SURFACE_INCOMPATIBLE",
+            "fixed surface present mode is unsupported",
+            "surface",
+        ));
+    }
+    if !capabilities
+        .alpha_modes
+        .contains(&wgpu::CompositeAlphaMode::Opaque)
+    {
+        return Err(error(
+            "GRAPH_SURFACE_INCOMPATIBLE",
+            "fixed surface alpha mode is unsupported",
+            "surface",
+        ));
+    }
+    let requested = match request {
+        SurfaceFormatRequest::Preferred => capabilities.formats.iter().copied().find(|format| {
+            matches!(
+                format,
+                wgpu::TextureFormat::Rgba8Unorm
+                    | wgpu::TextureFormat::Bgra8Unorm
+                    | wgpu::TextureFormat::Rgba16Float
+            )
+        }),
+        SurfaceFormatRequest::Rgba8Unorm => Some(wgpu::TextureFormat::Rgba8Unorm),
+        SurfaceFormatRequest::Bgra8Unorm => Some(wgpu::TextureFormat::Bgra8Unorm),
+        SurfaceFormatRequest::Rgba16Float => Some(wgpu::TextureFormat::Rgba16Float),
+    };
+    let format = requested
+        .filter(|format| capabilities.formats.contains(format))
+        .ok_or_else(|| {
+            error(
+                "GRAPH_SURFACE_INCOMPATIBLE",
+                "requested surface format is unsupported",
+                authored_path,
+            )
+        })?;
+    Ok(RuntimeSurfaceContract {
+        format,
+        width,
+        height,
+        usage: wgpu::TextureUsages::RENDER_ATTACHMENT,
+        present_mode: wgpu::PresentMode::Fifo,
+        alpha_mode: wgpu::CompositeAlphaMode::Opaque,
+        view_formats: vec![],
+        desired_maximum_frame_latency: 2,
+    })
 }
 
 #[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
@@ -1467,6 +1591,7 @@ pub fn prepare_runtime_plan(
 
     let frame_out = &graph.executions[frame_out_index];
     let NormalizedParameters::FrameOut {
+        surface_format,
         dynamic_range,
         output_transfer,
         scale_mode: _,
@@ -1479,6 +1604,22 @@ pub fn prepare_runtime_plan(
             format!("executions[{frame_out_index}].parameters"),
         ));
     };
+    let requested_format = match surface_format {
+        SurfaceFormatRequest::Preferred => None,
+        SurfaceFormatRequest::Rgba8Unorm => Some(wgpu::TextureFormat::Rgba8Unorm),
+        SurfaceFormatRequest::Bgra8Unorm => Some(wgpu::TextureFormat::Bgra8Unorm),
+        SurfaceFormatRequest::Rgba16Float => Some(wgpu::TextureFormat::Rgba16Float),
+    };
+    if requested_format.is_some_and(|format| format != surface.format) {
+        return Err(error(
+            "GRAPH_SURFACE_INCOMPATIBLE",
+            "resolved surface format does not match frame output request",
+            format!(
+                "nodes[{}].parameters.surfaceFormat",
+                frame_out.original_node_index
+            ),
+        ));
+    }
     let parameters_valid = background_color
         .iter()
         .all(|v| v.is_finite() && (0.0..=1.0).contains(v))
@@ -1836,12 +1977,39 @@ pub fn prepare_runtime_plan(
 }
 
 pub fn validate_activatable(graph: &CompiledGraph) -> Result<(), GraphError> {
-    let surface = RuntimeSurfaceContract {
-        format: wgpu::TextureFormat::Bgra8Unorm,
-        width: 1,
-        height: 1,
-        usage: wgpu::TextureUsages::RENDER_ATTACHMENT,
-        view_formats: Vec::new(),
+    // Runtime validation must diagnose noncanonical compiled plans before the
+    // live-capability resolver. The validator below remains authoritative for
+    // missing or duplicated Frame Out work, so a missing request gets a
+    // harmless synthetic default solely for constructing test capabilities.
+    let (request, frame_out_index) = graph
+        .executions
+        .iter()
+        .find_map(|execution| match execution.parameters {
+            NormalizedParameters::FrameOut { surface_format, .. } => {
+                Some((surface_format, execution.original_node_index))
+            }
+            _ => None,
+        })
+        .unwrap_or((SurfaceFormatRequest::Preferred, 0));
+    let format = match request {
+        SurfaceFormatRequest::Preferred | SurfaceFormatRequest::Bgra8Unorm => {
+            wgpu::TextureFormat::Bgra8Unorm
+        }
+        SurfaceFormatRequest::Rgba8Unorm => wgpu::TextureFormat::Rgba8Unorm,
+        SurfaceFormatRequest::Rgba16Float => wgpu::TextureFormat::Rgba16Float,
     };
+    let capabilities = wgpu::SurfaceCapabilities {
+        formats: vec![format],
+        present_modes: vec![wgpu::PresentMode::Fifo],
+        alpha_modes: vec![wgpu::CompositeAlphaMode::Opaque],
+        usages: wgpu::TextureUsages::RENDER_ATTACHMENT,
+    };
+    let surface = resolve_surface_contract(
+        request,
+        &capabilities,
+        1,
+        1,
+        &surface_format_path(frame_out_index),
+    )?;
     prepare_runtime_plan(graph, surface, None).map(|_| ())
 }
diff --git a/renderer/src/render_graph/tests.rs b/renderer/src/render_graph/tests.rs
index b2e18d6..218ea20 100644
--- a/renderer/src/render_graph/tests.rs
+++ b/renderer/src/render_graph/tests.rs
@@ -8,9 +8,9 @@ fn input(node: &str, socket: &str) -> Value {
 }
 fn node(id: &str, key: &str, mut parameters: Value, inputs: Value) -> Value {
     if key == "frame_out" && parameters.as_object().is_some_and(|p| p.is_empty()) {
-        parameters = json!({"hdrEnabled":false,"toneMapper":"aces","exposureStops":0,"outputTransfer":"srgb","scaleMode":"stretch","filter":"linear","backgroundColor":[0,0,0,1]});
+        parameters = json!({"surfaceFormat":"preferred","hdrEnabled":false,"toneMapper":"aces","exposureStops":0,"outputTransfer":"srgb","scaleMode":"stretch","filter":"linear","backgroundColor":[0,0,0,1]});
     }
-    json!({"id":id,"state":"enabled","executor":{"key":key,"version":if key == "frame_out" { 2 } else { 1 }},"parameters":parameters,"inputs":inputs})
+    json!({"id":id,"state":"enabled","executor":{"key":key,"version":if key == "frame_out" { 3 } else { 1 }},"parameters":parameters,"inputs":inputs})
 }
 fn texture(format: &str, residency: &str) -> Value {
     json!({"texture":{"dimension":"d2","format":format,"extent":{"kind":"surface_relative","width":{"numerator":1,"denominator":1},"height":{"numerator":1,"denominator":1},"depthOrArrayLayers":1},"mipLevelCount":1,"sampleCount":1,"viewFormats":[]},"residency":residency})
@@ -850,7 +850,7 @@ fn exact_phase_four_contract_catalog_and_mesh_metadata() {
             ("bloom_blur", 1),
             ("bloom_composite", 1),
             ("luminance_edge", 1),
-            ("frame_out", 2),
+            ("frame_out", 3),
         ]
     );
     assert_eq!(
@@ -2971,14 +2971,15 @@ fn runtime_rejects_coordinated_executor_frustum_and_fullscreen_mutations() {
 }
 
 fn frame_parameters(hdr: bool) -> Value {
-    json!({"hdrEnabled":hdr,"toneMapper":"reinhard","exposureStops":2,
+    json!({"surfaceFormat":"preferred","hdrEnabled":hdr,"toneMapper":"reinhard","exposureStops":2,
         "outputTransfer":"srgb","scaleMode":"contain","filter":"nearest",
         "backgroundColor":[0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4]})
 }
 
 #[test]
-fn frame_out_v2_has_exact_seven_fields_normalizes_sdr_and_rejects_v1() {
+fn frame_out_v3_has_exact_eight_fields_normalizes_sdr_and_rejects_v2() {
     let fields = [
+        "surfaceFormat",
         "hdrEnabled",
         "toneMapper",
         "exposureStops",
@@ -3033,7 +3034,7 @@ fn frame_out_v2_has_exact_seven_fields_normalizes_sdr_and_rejects_v1() {
     ));
     let mut g = full_cull_graph();
     let i = node_index(&g, "frame_out");
-    g["nodes"][i]["executor"]["version"] = json!(1);
+    g["nodes"][i]["executor"]["version"] = json!(2);
     assert_eq!(compile_error(g).code, "GRAPH_EXECUTOR_VERSION_UNSUPPORTED");
 }
 
@@ -3044,7 +3045,10 @@ fn frame_out_source_format_matrix_is_exact() {
         width: 1280,
         height: 720,
         usage: wgpu::TextureUsages::RENDER_ATTACHMENT,
+        present_mode: wgpu::PresentMode::Fifo,
+        alpha_mode: wgpu::CompositeAlphaMode::Opaque,
         view_formats: vec![],
+        desired_maximum_frame_latency: 2,
     };
     for (format, sdr, hdr) in [
         ("rgba8_unorm", true, false),
@@ -3092,6 +3096,174 @@ fn frame_out_source_format_matrix_is_exact() {
     }
 }
 
+#[test]
+fn surface_contract_resolution_is_capability_driven_and_policy_is_fixed() {
+    let capabilities = wgpu::SurfaceCapabilities {
+        formats: vec![
+            wgpu::TextureFormat::Bgra8UnormSrgb,
+            wgpu::TextureFormat::Rgba16Float,
+            wgpu::TextureFormat::Bgra8Unorm,
+        ],
+        present_modes: vec![wgpu::PresentMode::Immediate, wgpu::PresentMode::Fifo],
+        alpha_modes: vec![
+            wgpu::CompositeAlphaMode::PreMultiplied,
+            wgpu::CompositeAlphaMode::Opaque,
+        ],
+        usages: wgpu::TextureUsages::RENDER_ATTACHMENT,
+    };
+    let preferred = resolve_surface_contract(
+        SurfaceFormatRequest::Preferred,
+        &capabilities,
+        640,
+        480,
+        "format",
+    )
+    .unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(preferred.format, wgpu::TextureFormat::Rgba16Float);
+    assert_eq!(preferred.present_mode, wgpu::PresentMode::Fifo);
+    assert_eq!(preferred.alpha_mode, wgpu::CompositeAlphaMode::Opaque);
+    assert_eq!(preferred.desired_maximum_frame_latency, 2);
+    assert_eq!((preferred.width, preferred.height), (640, 480));
+    assert!(resolve_surface_contract(
+        SurfaceFormatRequest::Bgra8Unorm,
+        &capabilities,
+        1,
+        1,
+        "format"
+    )
+    .is_ok());
+    for (width, height) in [(0, 1), (1, 0)] {
+        assert_eq!(
+            resolve_surface_contract(
+                SurfaceFormatRequest::Preferred,
+                &capabilities,
+                width,
+                height,
+                "format",
+            )
+            .unwrap_err()
+            .details["path"],
+            "surface"
+        );
+    }
+    let no_attachment = wgpu::SurfaceCapabilities {
+        formats: capabilities.formats.clone(),
+        present_modes: capabilities.present_modes.clone(),
+        alpha_modes: capabilities.alpha_modes.clone(),
+        usages: wgpu::TextureUsages::COPY_DST,
+    };
+    assert_eq!(
+        resolve_surface_contract(
+            SurfaceFormatRequest::Preferred,
+            &no_attachment,
+            1,
+            1,
+            "format",
+        )
+        .unwrap_err()
+        .details["path"],
+        "surface.usage"
+    );
+    for request in [
+        SurfaceFormatRequest::Rgba8Unorm,
+        SurfaceFormatRequest::Preferred,
+    ] {
+        let caps = wgpu::SurfaceCapabilities {
+            formats: vec![wgpu::TextureFormat::Bgra8UnormSrgb],
+            present_modes: capabilities.present_modes.clone(),
+            alpha_modes: capabilities.alpha_modes.clone(),
+            usages: capabilities.usages,
+        };
+        assert_eq!(
+            resolve_surface_contract(request, &caps, 1, 1, "format")
+                .unwrap_err()
+                .code,
+            "GRAPH_SURFACE_INCOMPATIBLE"
+        );
+    }
+    for caps in [
+        wgpu::SurfaceCapabilities {
+            formats: capabilities.formats.clone(),
+            present_modes: vec![wgpu::PresentMode::Immediate],
+            alpha_modes: capabilities.alpha_modes.clone(),
+            usages: capabilities.usages,
+        },
+        wgpu::SurfaceCapabilities {
+            formats: capabilities.formats.clone(),
+            present_modes: capabilities.present_modes.clone(),
+            alpha_modes: vec![wgpu::CompositeAlphaMode::PreMultiplied],
+            usages: capabilities.usages,
+        },
+    ] {
+        assert_eq!(
+            resolve_surface_contract(SurfaceFormatRequest::Preferred, &caps, 1, 1, "format")
+                .unwrap_err()
+                .code,
+            "GRAPH_SURFACE_INCOMPATIBLE"
+        );
+    }
+    for (present_modes, alpha_modes, message) in [
+        (
+            vec![wgpu::PresentMode::Immediate],
+            vec![wgpu::CompositeAlphaMode::Opaque],
+            "fixed surface present mode is unsupported",
+        ),
+        (
+            vec![wgpu::PresentMode::Fifo],
+            vec![wgpu::CompositeAlphaMode::PreMultiplied],
+            "fixed surface alpha mode is unsupported",
+        ),
+    ] {
+        let caps = wgpu::SurfaceCapabilities {
+            formats: vec![wgpu::TextureFormat::Bgra8UnormSrgb],
+            present_modes,
+            alpha_modes,
+            usages: capabilities.usages,
+        };
+        let error = resolve_surface_contract(
+            SurfaceFormatRequest::Rgba8Unorm,
+            &caps,
+            1,
+            1,
+            "nodes[7].parameters.surfaceFormat",
+        )
+        .unwrap_err();
+        assert_eq!(error.code, "GRAPH_SURFACE_INCOMPATIBLE");
+        assert_eq!(error.details["path"], "surface");
+        assert_eq!(error.message, message);
+    }
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn graph_surface_resolution_uses_canonical_authored_path_and_all_requests_activate() {
+    for (request, format) in [
+        ("preferred", wgpu::TextureFormat::Bgra8Unorm),
+        ("rgba8_unorm", wgpu::TextureFormat::Rgba8Unorm),
+        ("bgra8_unorm", wgpu::TextureFormat::Bgra8Unorm),
+        ("rgba16_float", wgpu::TextureFormat::Rgba16Float),
+    ] {
+        let mut authored = full_cull_graph();
+        let index = node_index(&authored, "frame_out");
+        authored["nodes"][index]["parameters"]["surfaceFormat"] = json!(request);
+        let graph = compile_graph(authored);
+        validate_activatable(&graph).unwrap();
+        let caps = wgpu::SurfaceCapabilities {
+            formats: vec![format],
+            present_modes: vec![wgpu::PresentMode::Fifo],
+            alpha_modes: vec![wgpu::CompositeAlphaMode::Opaque],
+            usages: wgpu::TextureUsages::RENDER_ATTACHMENT,
+        };
+        resolve_graph_surface_contract(&graph, &caps, 1, 1).unwrap();
+        let mut unsupported = caps;
+        unsupported.formats.clear();
+        let error = resolve_graph_surface_contract(&graph, &unsupported, 1, 1).unwrap_err();
+        assert_eq!(
+            error.details["path"],
+            format!("nodes[{index}].parameters.surfaceFormat")
+        );
+    }
+}
+
 #[test]
 fn runtime_rejects_every_frame_parameter_lane_and_coordinated_source_mutations() {
     let baseline = compile_graph(full_cull_graph());
@@ -3100,7 +3272,7 @@ fn runtime_rejects_every_frame_parameter_lane_and_coordinated_source_mutations()
         .iter()
         .position(|e| e.executor.key == "frame_out")
         .unwrap();
-    for version in [1, 3] {
+    for version in [1, 2, 4] {
         let mut g = baseline.clone();
         g.executions[i].executor.version = version;
         assert_runtime_path(&g, format!("executions[{i}].executor.version"));
@@ -3187,7 +3359,10 @@ fn runtime_rejects_every_frame_parameter_lane_and_coordinated_source_mutations()
         width: 1280,
         height: 720,
         usage: wgpu::TextureUsages::RENDER_ATTACHMENT,
+        present_mode: wgpu::PresentMode::Fifo,
+        alpha_mode: wgpu::CompositeAlphaMode::Opaque,
         view_formats: vec![],
+        desired_maximum_frame_latency: 2,
     };
     prepare_runtime_plan(&hdr_to_sdr, linear_surface.clone(), None).unwrap();
     let error = prepare_runtime_plan(
diff --git a/renderer/src/renderer/mod.rs b/renderer/src/renderer/mod.rs
index dbb081f..50a54bd 100644
--- a/renderer/src/renderer/mod.rs
+++ b/renderer/src/renderer/mod.rs
@@ -154,6 +154,7 @@ fn pack_frame_out_uniforms(
 ) -> Option<FullscreenUniforms> {
     use crate::render_graph::*;
     let NormalizedParameters::FrameOut {
+        surface_format: _,
         dynamic_range,
         output_transfer,
         scale_mode,
@@ -301,7 +302,10 @@ mod fullscreen_tests {
             width: 1920,
             height: 1080,
             usage: wgpu::TextureUsages::RENDER_ATTACHMENT,
+            present_mode: wgpu::PresentMode::Fifo,
+            alpha_mode: wgpu::CompositeAlphaMode::Opaque,
             view_formats: vec![],
+            desired_maximum_frame_latency: 2,
         }
     }
 
@@ -312,6 +316,7 @@ mod fullscreen_tests {
         filter: FrameFilter,
     ) -> NormalizedParameters {
         NormalizedParameters::FrameOut {
+            surface_format: SurfaceFormatRequest::Preferred,
             dynamic_range,
             output_transfer: transfer,
             scale_mode,
@@ -775,6 +780,57 @@ enum UploadGraph {
     Compiled(crate::render_graph::MeshQueryRuntimeKey),
 }
 
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
+enum FrameTargetSource {
+    PendingSwitch,
+    PendingResize,
+    Active,
+    Immediate,
+}
+
+fn select_frame_target_source(
+    pending_switch: bool,
+    pending_resize: bool,
+    active: bool,
+) -> FrameTargetSource {
+    if pending_switch {
+        FrameTargetSource::PendingSwitch
+    } else if pending_resize {
+        FrameTargetSource::PendingResize
+    } else if active {
+        FrameTargetSource::Active
+    } else {
+        FrameTargetSource::Immediate
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
+enum AcquisitionAction {
+    RejectSwitch,
+    DropResize,
+    ReconfigureAndSkip,
+    Skip,
+    Halt,
+}
+
+fn acquisition_action(source: FrameTargetSource, error: &wgpu::SurfaceError) -> AcquisitionAction {
+    if matches!(error, wgpu::SurfaceError::OutOfMemory) {
+        return AcquisitionAction::Halt;
+    }
+    match source {
+        FrameTargetSource::PendingSwitch => AcquisitionAction::RejectSwitch,
+        FrameTargetSource::PendingResize => AcquisitionAction::DropResize,
+        FrameTargetSource::Active | FrameTargetSource::Immediate => match error {
+            wgpu::SurfaceError::Lost | wgpu::SurfaceError::Outdated => {
+                AcquisitionAction::ReconfigureAndSkip
+            }
+            wgpu::SurfaceError::Timeout => AcquisitionAction::Skip,
+            wgpu::SurfaceError::Other => AcquisitionAction::Halt,
+            wgpu::SurfaceError::OutOfMemory => unreachable!(),
+        },
+    }
+}
+
 fn classify_upload_graph(graph: &ActiveCompiledGraph) -> UploadGraph {
     UploadGraph::Compiled(graph.runtime.allocations.query)
 }
@@ -890,6 +946,29 @@ fn resolve_switch_request(
     }
 }
 
+fn drop_graph_request(
+    registry: &mut crate::render_graph::Registry,
+    id: crate::render_graph::CompiledGraphId,
+    active: Option<crate::render_graph::CompiledGraphId>,
+    pending_switch: Option<crate::render_graph::CompiledGraphId>,
+    pending_resize: Option<crate::render_graph::CompiledGraphId>,
+    in_flight: Option<crate::render_graph::CompiledGraphId>,
+) -> Result<(), crate::render_graph::GraphError> {
+    if active == Some(id) {
+        Err(crate::render_graph::GraphError::new(
+            "GRAPH_ACTIVE",
+            "compiled graph is active",
+        ))
+    } else if [pending_switch, pending_resize, in_flight].contains(&Some(id)) {
+        Err(crate::render_graph::GraphError::new(
+            "GRAPH_SWITCH_PENDING",
+            "compiled graph switch is pending",
+        ))
+    } else {
+        registry.drop_graph(id)
+    }
+}
+
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod switch_request_tests {
     fn valid_compile_graph(graph_id: &str, revision: u64) -> Vec<u8> {
@@ -934,6 +1013,55 @@ mod switch_request_tests {
         assert_eq!(selected(Some(query(Any)), None), Some(Any));
     }
 
+    #[test]
+    fn frame_target_precedence_and_pending_resize_upload_are_exact() {
+        use crate::render_graph::RuntimePredicate::{RequiredFalse, RequiredTrue};
+        assert_eq!(
+            select_frame_target_source(true, true, true),
+            FrameTargetSource::PendingSwitch
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            select_frame_target_source(false, true, true),
+            FrameTargetSource::PendingResize
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            select_frame_target_source(false, false, true),
+            FrameTargetSource::Active
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            select_frame_target_source(false, false, false),
+            FrameTargetSource::Immediate
+        );
+        let pending_resize = query(RequiredFalse);
+        let active = query(RequiredTrue);
+        assert_eq!(
+            upload_query_for_render(Some(pending_resize), Some(active))
+                .unwrap()
+                .visible,
+            RequiredFalse
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn acquisition_policy_covers_every_source_and_surface_error() {
+        use wgpu::SurfaceError::*;
+        use AcquisitionAction::*;
+        use FrameTargetSource::*;
+        for error in [Lost, Outdated, Timeout, Other] {
+            assert_eq!(acquisition_action(PendingSwitch, &error), RejectSwitch);
+            assert_eq!(acquisition_action(PendingResize, &error), DropResize);
+        }
+        for source in [Active, Immediate] {
+            assert_eq!(acquisition_action(source, &Lost), ReconfigureAndSkip);
+            assert_eq!(acquisition_action(source, &Outdated), ReconfigureAndSkip);
+            assert_eq!(acquisition_action(source, &Timeout), Skip);
+            assert_eq!(acquisition_action(source, &Other), Halt);
+        }
+        for source in [PendingSwitch, PendingResize, Active, Immediate] {
+            assert_eq!(acquisition_action(source, &OutOfMemory), Halt);
+        }
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn frustum_preflight_skips_any_and_distinguishes_missing_from_invalid() {
         use crate::render_graph::RuntimePredicate::{Any, RequiredFalse, RequiredTrue};
@@ -1000,6 +1128,24 @@ mod switch_request_tests {
         assert_eq!(registry.get(id).unwrap_err().code, "STALE_GRAPH_ID");
     }
 
+    #[test]
+    fn pending_resize_keeps_registry_ownership_through_commit() {
+        let mut registry = crate::render_graph::Registry::default();
+        let (id, _) = registry.compile(&valid_compile_graph("resize", 1)).unwrap();
+
+        let error = drop_graph_request(&mut registry, id, None, None, Some(id), None)
+            .expect_err("a completed resize candidate still owns its registry entry");
+        assert_eq!(error.code, "GRAPH_SWITCH_PENDING");
+        assert!(registry.contains(id));
+
+        let active = Some(id);
+        assert_eq!(registry.get(active.unwrap()).unwrap().revision, 1);
+
+        let (other, _) = registry.compile(&valid_compile_graph("other", 1)).unwrap();
+        drop_graph_request(&mut registry, other, active, None, None, None).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(registry.get(other).unwrap_err().code, "STALE_GRAPH_ID");
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn resize_restart_snapshot_remains_bound_to_its_immutable_registry_revision() {
         let mut registry = crate::render_graph::Registry::default();
@@ -1098,10 +1244,12 @@ fn render_data_error_code(error: &crate::render_data::RenderDataError) -> &'stat
 }
 
 pub struct RendererContext {
+    pub adapter: wgpu::Adapter,
     pub device: wgpu::Device,
     pub queue: wgpu::Queue,
     pub surface_config: wgpu::SurfaceConfiguration,
     pub surface: wgpu::Surface<'static>,
+    initial_surface_config: wgpu::SurfaceConfiguration,
     pub depth_texture: wgpu::Texture,
     pub depth_view: wgpu::TextureView,
 }
@@ -1125,6 +1273,7 @@ pub struct Renderer<T: scene::Scene> {
     graph_registry: crate::render_graph::Registry,
     active_compiled: Option<ActiveCompiledGraph>,
     pending_switch: Option<PendingSwitch>,
+    pending_resize: Option<ActiveCompiledGraph>,
     in_flight: Option<InFlightPreparation>,
     next_preparation_token: u64,
     preparation_completions: Rc<RefCell<Vec<PreparationCompletion>>>,
@@ -1133,6 +1282,28 @@ pub struct Renderer<T: scene::Scene> {
 }
 
 impl<T: Scene + 'static> Renderer<T> {
+    fn surface_config(
+        contract: &crate::render_graph::RuntimeSurfaceContract,
+    ) -> wgpu::SurfaceConfiguration {
+        wgpu::SurfaceConfiguration {
+            usage: contract.usage,
+            format: contract.format,
+            width: contract.width,
+            height: contract.height,
+            present_mode: contract.present_mode,
+            alpha_mode: contract.alpha_mode,
+            view_formats: contract.view_formats.clone(),
+            desired_maximum_frame_latency: contract.desired_maximum_frame_latency,
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn configure_surface(&mut self, config: wgpu::SurfaceConfiguration) {
+        self.context
+            .surface
+            .configure(&self.context.device, &config);
+        self.context.surface_config = config;
+    }
+
     fn reply(&mut self, request: u32, result: Result<JsValue, CommandError>) {
         let (ok, code, value, details) = match result {
             Ok(value) => (true, "OK", value, JsValue::UNDEFINED),
@@ -1187,23 +1358,20 @@ impl<T: Scene + 'static> Renderer<T> {
                     slot: words[2],
                     generation: words[3],
                 };
-                let outcome =
-                    if self.active_compiled.as_ref().is_some_and(|a| a.id() == id) {
-                        Err(crate::render_graph::GraphError::new(
-                            "GRAPH_ACTIVE",
-                            "compiled graph is active",
-                        ))
-                    } else if self.pending_switch.as_ref().is_some_and(
-                        |p| matches!(&p.target, SwitchTarget::Compiled(a) if a.id() == id),
-                    ) || self.in_flight.as_ref().is_some_and(|p| p.id == id)
-                    {
-                        Err(crate::render_graph::GraphError::new(
-                            "GRAPH_SWITCH_PENDING",
-                            "compiled graph switch is pending",
-                        ))
-                    } else {
-                        self.graph_registry.drop_graph(id)
-                    };
+                let outcome = drop_graph_request(
+                    &mut self.graph_registry,
+                    id,
+                    self.active_compiled.as_ref().map(ActiveCompiledGraph::id),
+                    self.pending_switch.as_ref().and_then(|pending| {
+                        if let SwitchTarget::Compiled(active) = &pending.target {
+                            Some(active.id())
+                        } else {
+                            None
+                        }
+                    }),
+                    self.pending_resize.as_ref().map(ActiveCompiledGraph::id),
+                    self.in_flight.as_ref().map(|preparation| preparation.id),
+                );
                 match outcome {
                     Ok(()) => self.reply(request, Ok(JsValue::UNDEFINED)),
                     Err(error) => self.reply(request, Err(error.into())),
@@ -1411,14 +1579,14 @@ impl<T: Scene + 'static> Renderer<T> {
             "gltf_standard",
             &layout,
             include_str!("../gltf.wgsl"),
-            context.surface_config.format,
+            context.initial_surface_config.format,
         );
         let double_sided = resources.get_or_create_pipeline(
             &context.device,
             "gltf_standard_double_sided",
             &layout,
             include_str!("../gltf.wgsl"),
-            context.surface_config.format,
+            context.initial_surface_config.format,
         );
         [culled, double_sided]
     }
@@ -1426,16 +1594,19 @@ impl<T: Scene + 'static> Renderer<T> {
     fn plan_compiled(
         &self,
         graph: &crate::render_graph::CompiledGraph,
+        width: u32,
+        height: u32,
     ) -> Result<crate::render_graph::RuntimePlan, crate::render_graph::GraphError> {
+        let capabilities = self.context.surface.get_capabilities(&self.context.adapter);
+        let surface = crate::render_graph::resolve_graph_surface_contract(
+            graph,
+            &capabilities,
+            width,
+            height,
+        )?;
         crate::render_graph::prepare_runtime_plan(
             graph,
-            crate::render_graph::RuntimeSurfaceContract {
-                format: self.context.surface_config.format,
-                width: self.context.surface_config.width,
-                height: self.context.surface_config.height,
-                usage: self.context.surface_config.usage,
-                view_formats: self.context.surface_config.view_formats.clone(),
-            },
+            surface,
             Some(&self.context.device.limits()),
         )
     }
@@ -1860,7 +2031,21 @@ impl<T: Scene + 'static> Renderer<T> {
         graph: crate::render_graph::CompiledGraph,
         purpose: PreparationPurpose,
     ) -> Result<(), crate::render_graph::GraphError> {
-        let runtime = self.plan_compiled(&graph)?;
+        let runtime = self.plan_compiled(
+            &graph,
+            self.context.surface_config.width,
+            self.context.surface_config.height,
+        )?;
+        self.begin_compiled_preparation_with_runtime(id, graph, runtime, purpose)
+    }
+
+    fn begin_compiled_preparation_with_runtime(
+        &mut self,
+        id: crate::render_graph::CompiledGraphId,
+        graph: crate::render_graph::CompiledGraph,
+        runtime: crate::render_graph::RuntimePlan,
+        purpose: PreparationPurpose,
+    ) -> Result<(), crate::render_graph::GraphError> {
         // Candidate construction allocates GPU resources, so the live scene preflight
         // belongs here: this is the earliest boundary with both the runtime query and
         // scene access, and precedes GPU work and all pending/in-flight mutation.
@@ -1932,7 +2117,7 @@ impl<T: Scene + 'static> Renderer<T> {
                     self.reply(request, Err(error.into()));
                 }
                 (PreparationPurpose::Resize, Ok(candidate)) => {
-                    self.active_compiled = Some(candidate);
+                    self.pending_resize = Some(candidate);
                 }
                 (PreparationPurpose::Resize, Err(error)) => {
                     log::error!(
@@ -2012,16 +2197,15 @@ impl<T: Scene + 'static> Renderer<T> {
         }));
 
         let surface_caps = surface.get_capabilities(&adapter);
-        let surface_config = wgpu::SurfaceConfiguration {
-            usage: wgpu::TextureUsages::RENDER_ATTACHMENT,
-            format: surface_caps.formats[0],
-            width: canvas.clone().width().max(1),
-            height: canvas.clone().height().max(1),
-            present_mode: surface_caps.present_modes[0],
-            alpha_mode: surface_caps.alpha_modes[0],
-            view_formats: vec![],
-            desired_maximum_frame_latency: 2,
-        };
+        let initial_contract = crate::render_graph::resolve_surface_contract(
+            crate::render_graph::SurfaceFormatRequest::Preferred,
+            &surface_caps,
+            canvas.clone().width().max(1),
+            canvas.clone().height().max(1),
+            "initialSurfaceFormat",
+        )
+        .expect("surface must support the fixed presentation contract");
+        let surface_config = Self::surface_config(&initial_contract);
         info!(
             "suface size: {} x {}",
             surface_config.width, surface_config.height
@@ -2032,9 +2216,11 @@ impl<T: Scene + 'static> Renderer<T> {
 
         let mut resources = PipelineLibrary::new();
         let context = RendererContext {
+            adapter,
             surface,
             device,
             queue,
+            initial_surface_config: surface_config.clone(),
             surface_config,
             depth_texture,
             depth_view,
@@ -2066,6 +2252,7 @@ impl<T: Scene + 'static> Renderer<T> {
             graph_registry: Default::default(),
             active_compiled: None,
             pending_switch: None,
+            pending_resize: None,
             in_flight: None,
             next_preparation_token: 0,
             preparation_completions: Default::default(),
@@ -2128,20 +2315,38 @@ impl<T: Scene + 'static> Renderer<T> {
             SwitchTarget::Immediate => UploadGraph::Immediate,
             SwitchTarget::Compiled(graph) => classify_upload_graph(graph),
         });
-        let query = upload_query_for_render(
-            pending,
-            self.active_compiled.as_ref().map(classify_upload_graph),
+        let target_source = select_frame_target_source(
+            self.pending_switch.is_some(),
+            self.pending_resize.is_some(),
+            self.active_compiled.is_some(),
         );
+        let selected = match target_source {
+            FrameTargetSource::PendingSwitch => pending,
+            FrameTargetSource::PendingResize => {
+                self.pending_resize.as_ref().map(classify_upload_graph)
+            }
+            FrameTargetSource::Active => self.active_compiled.as_ref().map(classify_upload_graph),
+            FrameTargetSource::Immediate => Some(UploadGraph::Immediate),
+        };
+        let query = upload_query_for_render(selected, None);
         // Resolve again immediately before every active frame. Do this before scene
         // upload so an invalid camera cannot mutate GPU state or produce a frame.
         let planes = match update_validate_write_scene(&mut self.scene, &self.context.queue, query)
         {
             Ok(planes) => planes,
             Err(error) => {
-                if let Some(pending) = self.pending_switch.take() {
-                    self.reply(pending.request, Err(error.into()));
-                } else {
-                    self.post_fatal("GRAPH_EXECUTION_FAILED", &error.message);
+                match target_source {
+                    FrameTargetSource::PendingSwitch => {
+                        let pending = self.pending_switch.take().unwrap();
+                        self.reply(pending.request, Err(error.into()));
+                    }
+                    FrameTargetSource::PendingResize => {
+                        self.pending_resize = None;
+                        log::error!("compiled graph resize preflight failed: {}", error.message);
+                    }
+                    FrameTargetSource::Active | FrameTargetSource::Immediate => {
+                        self.post_fatal("GRAPH_EXECUTION_FAILED", &error.message);
+                    }
                 }
                 return;
             }
@@ -2167,10 +2372,68 @@ impl<T: Scene + 'static> Renderer<T> {
                 .write_culling_params(&self.context.queue, planes, query);
         }
 
+        // Candidate publication is transactional: configure its complete contract at
+        // the last possible point before acquisition, but retain the known-good
+        // configuration and active graph identity until presentation succeeds.
+        let candidate_config = match target_source {
+            FrameTargetSource::PendingSwitch => match &self.pending_switch.as_ref().unwrap().target
+            {
+                SwitchTarget::Compiled(active) => Self::surface_config(&active.runtime.surface),
+                SwitchTarget::Immediate => {
+                    let mut config = self.context.initial_surface_config.clone();
+                    config.width = self.context.surface_config.width;
+                    config.height = self.context.surface_config.height;
+                    config
+                }
+            },
+            FrameTargetSource::PendingResize => {
+                Self::surface_config(&self.pending_resize.as_ref().unwrap().runtime.surface)
+            }
+            FrameTargetSource::Active | FrameTargetSource::Immediate => {
+                self.context.surface_config.clone()
+            }
+        };
+        let restore_config = (candidate_config != self.context.surface_config)
+            .then(|| self.context.surface_config.clone());
+        if restore_config.is_some() {
+            self.configure_surface(candidate_config);
+        }
         let surface_texture = match self.context.surface.get_current_texture() {
             Ok(value) => value,
             Err(error) => {
-                self.post_fatal("SURFACE_FRAME_FAILED", &error.to_string());
+                match acquisition_action(target_source, &error) {
+                    AcquisitionAction::RejectSwitch => {
+                        if let Some(config) = restore_config {
+                            self.configure_surface(config);
+                        }
+                        let pending = self.pending_switch.take().unwrap();
+                        self.reply(
+                            pending.request,
+                            Err(crate::render_graph::GraphError::new(
+                                "GRAPH_SURFACE_RECONFIGURE_FAILED",
+                                error.to_string(),
+                            )
+                            .into()),
+                        );
+                    }
+                    AcquisitionAction::DropResize => {
+                        if let Some(config) = restore_config {
+                            self.configure_surface(config);
+                        }
+                        self.pending_resize = None;
+                        log::error!("compiled graph resize acquisition failed: {error}");
+                    }
+                    AcquisitionAction::ReconfigureAndSkip => {
+                        self.context
+                            .surface
+                            .configure(&self.context.device, &self.context.surface_config);
+                    }
+                    AcquisitionAction::Skip => log::warn!("surface acquisition timed out"),
+                    AcquisitionAction::Halt => {
+                        self.halted = true;
+                        self.post_fatal("SURFACE_FRAME_FAILED", &error.to_string());
+                    }
+                }
                 return;
             }
         };
@@ -2182,10 +2445,15 @@ impl<T: Scene + 'static> Renderer<T> {
                     label: Some("Render command encoder"),
                 });
 
-        let rendering_compiled = match self.pending_switch.as_ref().map(|p| &p.target) {
-            Some(SwitchTarget::Compiled(active)) => Some(active),
-            Some(SwitchTarget::Immediate) => None,
-            None => self.active_compiled.as_ref(),
+        let rendering_compiled = match target_source {
+            FrameTargetSource::PendingSwitch => match &self.pending_switch.as_ref().unwrap().target
+            {
+                SwitchTarget::Compiled(active) => Some(active),
+                SwitchTarget::Immediate => None,
+            },
+            FrameTargetSource::PendingResize => self.pending_resize.as_ref(),
+            FrameTargetSource::Active => self.active_compiled.as_ref(),
+            FrameTargetSource::Immediate => None,
         };
         let mut profile_frame = self.profiler.begin(|| match rendering_compiled {
             None => "immediate".to_owned(),
@@ -2222,7 +2490,15 @@ impl<T: Scene + 'static> Renderer<T> {
             if let Some(frame) = profile_frame.take() {
                 self.profiler.cancel(frame);
             }
+            // A surface must have no acquired texture (or objects retaining its view)
+            // when configure is called to roll back a transactional candidate.
+            drop(encoder);
+            drop(texture_view);
+            drop(surface_texture);
             if let Some(pending) = self.pending_switch.take() {
+                if let Some(config) = restore_config {
+                    self.configure_surface(config);
+                }
                 self.reply(
                     pending.request,
                     Err(
@@ -2230,6 +2506,10 @@ impl<T: Scene + 'static> Renderer<T> {
                             .into(),
                     ),
                 );
+            } else if self.pending_resize.take().is_some() {
+                if let Some(config) = restore_config {
+                    self.configure_surface(config);
+                }
             }
             return;
         }
@@ -2240,6 +2520,10 @@ impl<T: Scene + 'static> Renderer<T> {
         }
         surface_texture.present();
         if let Some(pending) = self.pending_switch.take() {
+            // A successful user switch supersedes any resize recreation of the
+            // previously active graph. Retain that resize candidate only as a
+            // fallback while the switch is being prepared or attempted.
+            self.pending_resize = None;
             let result = match pending.target {
                 SwitchTarget::Immediate => {
                     self.active_compiled = None;
@@ -2258,6 +2542,8 @@ impl<T: Scene + 'static> Renderer<T> {
                 }
             };
             self.reply(pending.request, Ok(result));
+        } else if let Some(candidate) = self.pending_resize.take() {
+            self.active_compiled = Some(candidate);
         }
         let global = js_sys::global().unchecked_into::<DedicatedWorkerGlobalScope>();
         for reply in self.pending_replies.drain(..) {
@@ -2288,6 +2574,16 @@ impl<T: Scene + 'static> Renderer<T> {
             ("indices", index_count.into()),
             ("width", self.context.surface_config.width.into()),
             ("height", self.context.surface_config.height.into()),
+            (
+                "surfaceFormat",
+                match self.context.surface_config.format {
+                    wgpu::TextureFormat::Rgba8Unorm => "rgba8_unorm",
+                    wgpu::TextureFormat::Bgra8Unorm => "bgra8_unorm",
+                    wgpu::TextureFormat::Rgba16Float => "rgba16_float",
+                    _ => "unknown",
+                }
+                .into(),
+            ),
             ("framingRadius", self.framing_radius.into()),
             (
                 "renderMode",
@@ -2540,14 +2836,6 @@ impl<T: Scene + 'static> Renderer<T> {
         if new_width != self.context.surface_config.width
             || new_height != self.context.surface_config.height
         {
-            self.context.surface_config.width = new_width;
-            self.context.surface_config.height = new_height;
-            self.context
-                .surface
-                .configure(&self.context.device, &self.context.surface_config);
-            self.recreate_depth_texture();
-            // The executable subset uses surface-relative transients exclusively.
-            // Dropping old buckets prevents stale-size reuse and bounds resize growth.
             if let Some(pending) = self.pending_switch.take() {
                 self.reply(
                     pending.request,
@@ -2575,38 +2863,80 @@ impl<T: Scene + 'static> Renderer<T> {
                         }
                         PreparationPurpose::Resize => Some((preparation.id, preparation.graph)),
                     });
-            let mut restarted = false;
-            if let Some(old) = self.active_compiled.take() {
-                let id = old.id();
-                // Keep immediate resources live and fall back for this frame if recreation fails.
-                restarted = true;
-                self.begin_compiled_preparation(id, old.graph, PreparationPurpose::Resize)
-                    .unwrap_or_else(|error| {
-                        log::error!(
-                            "compiled graph resize preparation failed: {}",
-                            error.message
-                        )
-                    });
-            }
-            if !restarted {
-                if let Some((id, graph)) = interrupted_resize {
-                    if let Err(error) =
-                        self.begin_compiled_preparation(id, graph, PreparationPurpose::Resize)
-                    {
-                        log::error!(
-                            "compiled graph resize preparation failed: {}",
-                            error.message
-                        );
-                    }
-                }
-            }
+            let restore = self
+                .active_compiled
+                .take()
+                .map(|active| (active.id(), active.graph))
+                .or_else(|| {
+                    self.pending_resize
+                        .take()
+                        .map(|active| (active.id(), active.graph))
+                })
+                .or(interrupted_resize);
 
+            self.context.initial_surface_config.width = new_width;
+            self.context.initial_surface_config.height = new_height;
+            let initial_request = match self.context.initial_surface_config.format {
+                wgpu::TextureFormat::Rgba8Unorm => {
+                    crate::render_graph::SurfaceFormatRequest::Rgba8Unorm
+                }
+                wgpu::TextureFormat::Bgra8Unorm => {
+                    crate::render_graph::SurfaceFormatRequest::Bgra8Unorm
+                }
+                wgpu::TextureFormat::Rgba16Float => {
+                    crate::render_graph::SurfaceFormatRequest::Rgba16Float
+                }
+                _ => {
+                    self.halted = true;
+                    self.post_fatal(
+                        "SURFACE_FRAME_FAILED",
+                        "immediate surface format is unsupported",
+                    );
+                    return;
+                }
+            };
+            let capabilities = self.context.surface.get_capabilities(&self.context.adapter);
+            if let Err(error) = crate::render_graph::resolve_surface_contract(
+                initial_request,
+                &capabilities,
+                new_width,
+                new_height,
+                "surface",
+            ) {
+                self.halted = true;
+                self.post_fatal("SURFACE_FRAME_FAILED", &error.message);
+                return;
+            }
+            // Resize always establishes the exact immediate fallback first. Compiled
+            // configuration is transactional and is applied only by the commit frame.
+            self.configure_surface(self.context.initial_surface_config.clone());
+            self.recreate_depth_texture();
             self.scene.resize(
                 new_width as f64,
                 new_height as f64,
                 msg.scale_factor,
                 &self.context.queue,
             );
+            if let Some((id, graph)) = restore {
+                match self.plan_compiled(&graph, new_width, new_height) {
+                    Ok(runtime) => {
+                        if let Err(error) = self.begin_compiled_preparation_with_runtime(
+                            id,
+                            graph,
+                            runtime,
+                            PreparationPurpose::Resize,
+                        ) {
+                            log::error!(
+                                "compiled graph resize preparation failed: {}",
+                                error.message
+                            );
+                        }
+                    }
+                    Err(error) => {
+                        log::error!("compiled graph resize planning failed: {}", error.message)
+                    }
+                }
+            }
 
             info!(
                 "Resized: ({}, {}), scale: {}",
diff --git a/static/render-graph/catalog.js b/static/render-graph/catalog.js
index bca2585..5cdd3d1 100644
--- a/static/render-graph/catalog.js
+++ b/static/render-graph/catalog.js
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 export const GRAPH_ID = "authored_gpu_culling";
-export const CATALOG_VERSION = 6;
+export const CATALOG_VERSION = 7;
 const exact = (type) => ({ kind: "exact", types: [type] });
 const i = (type, required = true, authoringType) => ({
   accepted: typeof type === "string" ? exact(type) : type,
@@ -188,11 +188,11 @@ export const semanticCatalog = Object.freeze({
     parameters: { strength: 2 },
   },
   frame_out: {
-    version: 2,
+    version: 3,
     execution: "frame",
     inputs: { color: i("texture") },
     outputs: {},
-    parameters: { hdrEnabled: true, toneMapper: "aces", exposureStops: 0, outputTransfer: "srgb", scaleMode: "stretch", filter: "linear", backgroundColor: [0, 0, 0, 1] },
+    parameters: { surfaceFormat: "preferred", hdrEnabled: true, toneMapper: "aces", exposureStops: 0, outputTransfer: "srgb", scaleMode: "stretch", filter: "linear", backgroundColor: [0, 0, 0, 1] },
   },
 });
 const socketColors = [
@@ -389,6 +389,7 @@ const parameterSchemas = {
   bloom_composite: { intensity: number(1, 0, 16) },
   luminance_edge: { strength: number(2, 0, 16) },
   frame_out: {
+    surfaceFormat: enumeration("preferred", ["preferred", "rgba8_unorm", "bgra8_unorm", "rgba16_float"]),
     hdrEnabled: boolean(true),
     toneMapper: enumeration("aces", ["aces", "reinhard", "none"]),
     exposureStops: number(0, -10, 10),
@@ -469,6 +470,8 @@ nodeDefinitions.color_balance.ui = [
   { kind: "socket", socket: "source" }, { kind: "socket", socket: "colorTarget" }, { kind: "socket", socket: "color" },
 ];
 nodeDefinitions.frame_out.ui = [
+  { kind: "text", variant: "section", title: "Canvas Presentation" },
+  { kind: "parameter", parameter: "surfaceFormat", title: "Surface Format" },
   { kind: "text", variant: "section", title: "Display Transform" },
   { kind: "parameter", parameter: "hdrEnabled", title: "HDR" },
   { kind: "parameter", parameter: "toneMapper", title: "Tone Mapper", visibleWhen: { parameter: "hdrEnabled", equals: true } },
diff --git a/static/render-graph/presets.js b/static/render-graph/presets.js
index 49add56..c811852 100644
--- a/static/render-graph/presets.js
+++ b/static/render-graph/presets.js
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ const texture = (format, scale = 1, heightScale = scale) => ({
   },
   residency: "transient",
 });
-const frameOut = (hdr, options = {}) => ({ hdrEnabled: hdr, toneMapper: "aces", exposureStops: 0, outputTransfer: "srgb", scaleMode: "stretch", filter: "linear", backgroundColor: [0, 0, 0, 1], ...options });
+const frameOut = (hdr, options = {}) => ({ surfaceFormat: "preferred", hdrEnabled: hdr, toneMapper: "aces", exposureStops: 0, outputTransfer: "srgb", scaleMode: "stretch", filter: "linear", backgroundColor: [0, 0, 0, 1], ...options });
 const scene = (colorTarget, clearColor = [0.015, 0.02, 0.03, 1], heightScale = 1) => [
   node("hdr", "texture", texture("rgba16_float", 1, heightScale)),
   node("depth", "texture", texture("depth32_float", 1, heightScale)),
diff --git a/tests/fxnode-composition.test.js b/tests/fxnode-composition.test.js
index 59ec0f4..5dd05f4 100644
--- a/tests/fxnode-composition.test.js
+++ b/tests/fxnode-composition.test.js
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ test("production render graph composition passes fxnode's public validator", asy
       result.ok ? undefined : JSON.stringify(result.issues, null, 2),
     );
     assert.equal(fxNodeComposition.schemaVersion, 2);
-    assert.equal(fxNodeComposition.version, 6);
+    assert.equal(fxNodeComposition.version, 7);
     assert.equal(Object.keys(fxNodeComposition.nodes).length, 16);
     assert.ok(
       Object.values(fxNodeComposition.nodes).every(
diff --git a/tests/render-graph-authoring.test.js b/tests/render-graph-authoring.test.js
index a54956a..dad7c45 100644
--- a/tests/render-graph-authoring.test.js
+++ b/tests/render-graph-authoring.test.js
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ function fixture() {
 test("catalog exhaustively mirrors all current contracts", () => {
   for (const [key, semantic] of Object.entries(semanticCatalog)) {
     assert.ok(Object.hasOwn(semantic, "version"));
-    assert.equal(semantic.version, key === "frame_out" ? 2 : 1);
+    assert.equal(semantic.version, key === "frame_out" ? 3 : 1);
     assert.equal(nodeDefinitions[key].version, semantic.version);
     assert.equal(descriptors[key].version, semantic.version);
   }
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ test("catalog exhaustively mirrors all current contracts", () => {
       Object.keys(contract.parameters).sort(),
       key,
     );
-  assert.equal(CATALOG_VERSION, 6);
+  assert.equal(CATALOG_VERSION, 7);
   assert.deepEqual(nodeDefinitions.pipeline.parameters, {
     pipeline: {
       type: "string",
@@ -346,14 +346,15 @@ test("adapter rejects hostile shape, IDs, duplicates, catalog, sockets and type
     link.fromSocketId = "mesh:mesh";
   }, "AUTHORING_LINK_TYPE");
 });
-test("Frame Out has the exact v2 schema, defaults, UI, and strict authoring validation", () => {
-  const fields = ["hdrEnabled", "toneMapper", "exposureStops", "outputTransfer", "scaleMode", "filter", "backgroundColor"];
-  assert.equal(CATALOG_VERSION, 6);
+test("Frame Out has the exact v3 schema, defaults, UI, and strict authoring validation", () => {
+  const fields = ["surfaceFormat", "hdrEnabled", "toneMapper", "exposureStops", "outputTransfer", "scaleMode", "filter", "backgroundColor"];
+  assert.equal(CATALOG_VERSION, 7);
   assert.deepEqual(semanticCatalog.frame_out, {
-    version: 2, execution: "frame", inputs: { color: semanticCatalog.frame_out.inputs.color }, outputs: {},
-    parameters: { hdrEnabled: true, toneMapper: "aces", exposureStops: 0, outputTransfer: "srgb", scaleMode: "stretch", filter: "linear", backgroundColor: [0, 0, 0, 1] },
+    version: 3, execution: "frame", inputs: { color: semanticCatalog.frame_out.inputs.color }, outputs: {},
+    parameters: { surfaceFormat: "preferred", hdrEnabled: true, toneMapper: "aces", exposureStops: 0, outputTransfer: "srgb", scaleMode: "stretch", filter: "linear", backgroundColor: [0, 0, 0, 1] },
   });
   assert.deepEqual(nodeDefinitions.frame_out.parameters, {
+    surfaceFormat: { type: "string", default: { kind: "string", value: "preferred" }, enum: ["preferred", "rgba8_unorm", "bgra8_unorm", "rgba16_float"] },
     hdrEnabled: { type: "boolean", default: { kind: "boolean", value: true } },
     toneMapper: { type: "string", default: { kind: "string", value: "aces" }, enum: ["aces", "reinhard", "none"] },
     exposureStops: { type: "number", default: { kind: "number", value: 0 }, minimum: -10, maximum: 10 },
@@ -363,6 +364,8 @@ test("Frame Out has the exact v2 schema, defaults, UI, and strict authoring vali
     backgroundColor: { type: "color", default: { kind: "color", value: [0, 0, 0, 1] }, minimum: 0, maximum: 1 },
   });
   assert.deepEqual(nodeDefinitions.frame_out.ui, [
+    { kind: "text", variant: "section", title: "Canvas Presentation" },
+    { kind: "parameter", parameter: "surfaceFormat", title: "Surface Format" },
     { kind: "text", variant: "section", title: "Display Transform" },
     { kind: "parameter", parameter: "hdrEnabled", title: "HDR" },
     { kind: "parameter", parameter: "toneMapper", title: "Tone Mapper", visibleWhen: { parameter: "hdrEnabled", equals: true } },
@@ -379,11 +382,11 @@ test("Frame Out has the exact v2 schema, defaults, UI, and strict authoring vali
     assert.throws(() => adaptFxNodeSnapshot(x), (e) => e instanceof AuthoringGraphError && e.code === code && (!parameter || e.details.nodeId === n.id && e.details.parameter === parameter));
   };
   reject((x) => x.catalogVersion = 5, "AUTHORING_CATALOG");
-  reject((x, n) => n.typeVersion = 1, "AUTHORING_NODE_INVALID");
+  reject((x, n) => n.typeVersion = 2, "AUTHORING_NODE_INVALID");
   for (const field of fields) reject((x, n) => delete n.parameters[field], "AUTHORING_PARAMETER_SET");
   reject((x, n) => n.parameters.extra = { kind: "number", value: 0 }, "AUTHORING_PARAMETER_SET");
   for (const [field, value] of [
-    ["hdrEnabled", 1], ["toneMapper", "bad"], ["outputTransfer", "bad"], ["scaleMode", "bad"], ["filter", "bad"],
+    ["surfaceFormat", "bad"], ["hdrEnabled", 1], ["toneMapper", "bad"], ["outputTransfer", "bad"], ["scaleMode", "bad"], ["filter", "bad"],
     ["exposureStops", NaN], ["exposureStops", -10.01], ["exposureStops", 10.01],
     ["backgroundColor", [0, 0, 0]], ["backgroundColor", [0, 0, Infinity, 1]], ["backgroundColor", [-0.01, 0, 0, 1]], ["backgroundColor", [0, 0, 0, 1.01]],
   ]) reject((x, n) => n.parameters[field].value = value, "AUTHORING_PARAMETER", field);